Foraging and Prey Search Behaviour of Golden Shiner (Notemigonus crysoleucas) Larvae

1992 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 813-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard I. Browman ◽  
W. John O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Short Distance ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Search Space ◽  
Search Pattern ◽  
Search Behaviour ◽  
Fish Size ◽  
Golden Shiner ◽  
Prey Location ◽  
Saltatory Search ◽  
Notemigonus Crysoleucas

The juveniles of several species of freshwater fish search for zooplankton prey using a strategy intermediate between cruise and ambush: "saltatory search" (SS) or "pause–travel" search. Unlike ambush or cruise search, saltatory search involves scanning for prey throughout the search space and only during the brief stationary periods that punctuate repositioning movements. If no prey are located, these fish swim a short distance, stop, and scan again. In this paper, we describe the ontogeny of prey search in a cyprinid, the golden shiner (Notemigonus crysoleucas), a species whose search pattern has not been examined. Swimming and pursuit speeds and prey location distances increased with fish size. Golden shiner larvae searched for prey throughout the search space and only during the pauses that punctuated swimming movements. Only 1–10% of all of the stationary pauses that punctuated swimming movements were followed by attacks on prey. We conclude that golden shiner larvae employ a saltatory-search strategy similar to that described in other zooplanktivorous fish and their larvae.

scholarly journals Hydrodynamic sensing does not facilitate active drag reduction in the golden shiner (Notemigonus crysoleucas)

2010 ◽  
Vol 213 (8) ◽  
pp. 1309-1319 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. McHenry ◽  
K. B. Michel ◽  
W. Stewart ◽  
U. K. Muller
Keyword(s):  
Drag Reduction ◽  
Golden Shiner ◽  
Notemigonus Crysoleucas ◽  
Active Drag

scholarly journals EXPRESS: Sources of Variation In Search and Foraging A Theoretical Perspective

2021 ◽  
pp. 174702182110503
Author(s):  
Alastair David Smith ◽  
Carlo De Lillo
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Search Space ◽  
Visual Exploration ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Search Behaviour ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Search Processes ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
The Individual

Search – the problem of exploring a space of alternatives in order to identify target goals – is a fundamental behaviour for many species. Although its foundation lies in foraging, most studies of human search behaviour have been directed towards understanding the attentional mechanisms that underlie the efficient visual exploration of two-dimensional scenes. With this review, we aim to characterise how search behaviour can be explained across a wide range of contexts, environments, spatial scales, and populations, both typical and atypical. We first consider the generality of search processes across psychological domains. We then review studies of interspecies differences in search. Finally, we explore in detail the individual and contextual variables that affect visual search and related behaviours in established experimental psychology paradigms. Despite the heterogeneity of the findings discussed, we identify that variations in control processes, along with the ability to regulate behaviour as a function of the structure of search space and the sampling processes adopted, to be central to explanations of variations in search behaviour. We propose a tentative theoretical model aimed at integrating these notions and close by exploring questions that remain unaddressed.

External Knowledge Search Strategy as an Essential Element of a Knowledge Management Strategy

2011 ◽  
pp. 70-89
Author(s):  
Fergal McGrath ◽  
Rebecca Purcell
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Central Element ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Search Space ◽  
Knowledge Management Strategy ◽  
External Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Search ◽  
The Many

This chapter introduces external knowledge search strategy as a central element of an organizations overall knowledge management strategy. The argument cites how knowledge management has developed around a myopic internal focus and has thus far failed to take full account of the many sources of knowledge external to the organization. The chapter offers external knowledge search strategy as a means of integrating this external focus into knowledge management understanding, by providing a conceptual framework for organizations involved in the external knowledge management activity of external knowledge search. The framework identifies 10 search paths organizations may follow into the search space, four of which relate exclusively to external knowledge search. The authors hope that establishing an external element within knowledge management strategy will inform knowledge management’s recognition of the value of the extended enterprise.

scholarly journals Northeastern Range Extension for the Northern Redbelly Dace, Phoxinus eos, and the Golden Shiner, Notemigonus crysoleucas, in Québec

2010 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-François Desroches
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Range Extension ◽  
Short Discussion ◽  
Golden Shiner ◽  
Notemigonus Crysoleucas

In 2005 and 2009, two species of Cyprinidae, the Northern Redbelly Dace, Phoxinus eos, and the Golden Shiner, Notemigonus crysoleucas, were collected northeast of their know range, in Québec. These new records, indeed range extensions, are presented here with a short discussion on the fish fauna of the area and on the possibility of introductions.En 2005 et en 2009, deux espèces de Cyprinidés, soit le Méné ventre-rouge, Phoxinus eos, et le Méné jaune, Notemigonus crysoleucas, ont été capturées au nord-est de leur répartition connue au Québec. Ces nouvelles mentions, qui constituent des extensions d'aire, sont ici présentées de même qu'une courte discussion sur l'ichtyofaune de la région et la possibilité d'introductions.

INDEX-MAXMINER: A NEW MAXIMAL FREQUENT ITEMSET MINING ALGORITHM

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (02) ◽  
pp. 303-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
WEI SONG ◽  
BINGRU YANG ◽  
ZHANGYAN XU
Keyword(s):  
Search Strategy ◽  
Search Space ◽  
Frequent Itemset ◽  
Breadth First Search ◽  
Hybrid Search ◽  
Itemset Mining ◽  
Frequent Item ◽  
Enumeration Tree ◽  
Frequent Items ◽  
Mining Algorithms

Because of the inherent computational complexity, mining the complete frequent item-set in dense datasets remains to be a challenging task. Mining Maximal Frequent Item-set (MFI) is an alternative to address the problem. Set-Enumeration Tree (SET) is a common data structure used in several MFI mining algorithms. For this kind of algorithm, the process of mining MFI's can also be viewed as the process of searching in set-enumeration tree. To reduce the search space, in this paper, a new algorithm, Index-MaxMiner, for mining MFI is proposed by employing a hybrid search strategy blending breadth-first and depth-first. Firstly, the index array is proposed, and based on bitmap, an algorithm for computing index array is presented. By adding subsume index to frequent items, Index-MaxMiner discovers the candidate MFI's using breadth-first search at one time, which avoids first-level nodes that would not participate in the answer set and reduces drastically the number of candidate itemsets. Then, for candidate MFI's, depth-first search strategy is used to generate all MFI's. Thus, the jumping search in SET is implemented, and the search space is reduced greatly. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is efficient especially for dense datasets.

scholarly journals Exploration–exploitation trade-off features a saltatory search behaviour

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (85) ◽  
pp. 20130352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitri Volchenkov ◽  
Jonathan Helbach ◽  
Marko Tscherepanow ◽  
Sina Kühnel
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Model ◽  
Virtual Environments ◽  
Coherent Noise ◽  
Search Behaviour ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
Noise Type ◽  
Saltatory Search ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Exploration Exploitation

Searching experiments conducted in different virtual environments over a gender-balanced group of people revealed a gender irrelevant scale-free spread of searching activity on large spatio-temporal scales. We have suggested and solved analytically a simple statistical model of the coherent-noise type describing the exploration–exploitation trade-off in humans (‘should I stay’ or ‘should I go’). The model exhibits a variety of saltatory behaviours, ranging from Lévy flights occurring under uncertainty to Brownian walks performed by a treasure hunter confident of the eventual success.

scholarly journals Accelerating backtrack search with a best-first-search strategy

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 901-916
Author(s):  
Zoltán Ádám Mann ◽  
Tamás Szép
Keyword(s):  
Search Strategy ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Search Space ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Backtrack Search ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Hard Problems ◽  
Best First Search ◽  
Problem Instances ◽  
Np Hard Problems

Abstract Backtrack-style exhaustive search algorithms for NP-hard problems tend to have large variance in their runtime. This is because “fortunate” branching decisions can lead to finding a solution quickly, whereas “unfortunate” decisions in another run can lead the algorithm to a region of the search space with no solutions. In the literature, frequent restarting has been suggested as a means to overcome this problem. In this paper, we propose a more sophisticated approach: a best-firstsearch heuristic to quickly move between parts of the search space, always concentrating on the most promising region. We describe how this idea can be efficiently incorporated into a backtrack search algorithm, without sacrificing optimality. Moreover, we demonstrate empirically that, for hard solvable problem instances, the new approach provides significantly higher speed-up than frequent restarting.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document