Offshore Distribution, Size, Age, and Lateral Plate Variation of Late Larval/Early Juvenile Sticklebacks (Gasterosteus) off the Atlantic Coast of New Jersey and New York

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 1679-1684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert K. Cowen ◽  
Louis A. Chiarella ◽  
Candice J. Gomez ◽  
Michael A. Bell
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New Jersey ◽  
Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Cape Cod ◽  
Lateral Plate ◽  
Early Juvenile ◽  
New York Bight ◽  
York Bight

Late larval and early juvenile sticklebacks, Gasterosteus aculeatus (14–28 mm SL) and G. wheatlandi (11–19 mm SL), were collected over shelf waters in the New York Bight during May, June, and July 1988. Gasterosteus aculeatus occurred up to 110 km offshore, with peak abundances found from 3 to 75 km. Gasterosteus wheatlandi was most prevalent within 10 km of shore, but some individuals were collected up to 55 km offshore. The further offshore distribution of G. aculeatus should increase its potential for dispersal, perhaps explaining their capacity to found freshwater populations in recently deglaciated habitats. The relatively nearshore distribution of G. wheatlandi should minimize dispersal (especially around Cape Cod) and may maintain a distinct, morphological step cline by the relative isolation of two subpopulations above and below Cape Cod.

Maritime Cultural Landscapes in the New York Bight

2019 ◽  
pp. 81-106
Author(s):  
Daria Merwin ◽  
Victor D. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Cape Cod ◽  
Ecological Communities ◽  
New York Bight ◽  
York Bight ◽  
Maritime Cultural Landscapes

The study of prehistoric maritime cultural landscapes, in the broadest sense, seeks to explore the relationship between people and the water. If we are to reconstruct the nature of this relationship over time along the Atlantic coast of North America, we must account for environmental changes, particularly sea level rise and related shifts in ecological communities and habitats on the shore and at sea. This chapter surveys the coastal archaeology of the New York Bight (the bend in the Atlantic coast between southern New Jersey and Cape Cod) over the course of the Holocene, drawing data from terrestrial, coastal plain, and now submerged sites to examine topics such as the role of coastal environments in human settlement, evidence for seafaring and fishing technology, and the origins and consequences of adopting maritime cultural adaptations.

Modeling the Pathways and Mean Dynamics of River Plume Dispersal in the New York Bight

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 1167-1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weifeng G. Zhang ◽  
John L. Wilkin ◽  
Robert J. Chant
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New Jersey ◽  
Hudson River ◽  
Ocean Modeling ◽  
Ocean Dynamics ◽  
Surface Currents ◽  
Regional Ocean Modeling System ◽  
New York Bight ◽  
York Bight ◽  
The Mean

Abstract This study investigates the dispersal of the Hudson River outflow across the New York Bight and the adjacent inner- through midshelf region. Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) simulations were used to examine the mean momentum dynamics; the freshwater dispersal pathways relevant to local biogeochemical processes; and the contribution from wind, remotely forced along-shelf current, tides, and the topographic control of the Hudson River shelf valley. The modeled surface currents showed many similarities to the surface currents measured by high-frequency radar [the Coastal Ocean Dynamics Applications Radar (CODAR)]. Analysis shows that geostrophic balance and Ekman transport dominate the mean surface momentum balance, with most of the geostrophic flow resulting from the large-scale shelf circulation and the rest being locally generated. Subsurface circulation is driven principally by the remotely forced along-shelf current, with the exception of a riverward water intrusion in the Hudson River shelf valley. The following three pathways by which freshwater is dispersed across the shelf were identified: (i) along the New Jersey coast, (ii) along the Long Island coast, and (iii) by a midshelf offshore pathway. Time series of the depth-integrated freshwater transport show strong seasonality in dispersal patterns: the New Jersey pathway dominates the winter–spring seasons when winds are downwelling favorable, while the midshelf pathway dominates summer months when winds are upwelling favorable. A series of reduced physics simulations identifies that wind is the major force for the spreading of freshwater to the mid- and outer shelf, that remotely forced along-shelf currents significantly influence the ultimate fate of the freshwater, and that the Hudson River shelf valley has a modest dynamic effect on the freshwater spreading.

scholarly journals The New York Bight Jet: Climatology and Dynamical Evolution

2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (6) ◽  
pp. 2385-2404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian A. Colle ◽  
David R. Novak
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New Jersey ◽  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
Wrf Model ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Dynamical Evolution ◽  
Adjustment Process ◽  
Low Level ◽  
New York Bight ◽  
York Bight

Abstract This paper describes the southerly New York Bight (NYB) jet (11–17 m s−1) that develops primarily during the warm season just above the surface offshore (east) of the northern New Jersey coast and south of Long Island (the NYB). Observations from two offshore buoys are used to develop a 9-yr climatology of 134 jet events from 1997 to 2006. There is a seasonal maximum (2.5 events per month) during June and July, with a skew toward the spring months. The wind directions for the jet trace out a nearly elliptical orbit for the 24-h period around the time of jet maximum at ~2300 UTC [1900 eastern daylight time (EDT)] on average. Composites reveal that the NYB jet occurs on days with southwesterly synoptic flow, and the jet is part of a larger-scale (200–300 km) wind enhancement offshore of the mid-Atlantic and northeast U.S. coasts during the early evening hours. High-resolution observations (surface mesonet, aircraft soundings, and a terminal Doppler weather radar) and Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model simulations down to 1.33-km grid spacing are used to diagnose the evolution of the NYB jet on 2 June 2007. The NYB jet at ~150 m MSL occurs within the sloping marine inversion near the coast. Low-level trajectories illustrate low-level diffluence and weak subsidence within the jet. A WRF momentum budget highlights the evolving pressure gradient and accelerations during jet formation. The maximum jet winds occur 1–2 h after the peak meridional pressure gradient is established through a geostrophic adjustment process. Sensitivity experiments show that jet occurrence is dependent on diurnal heating and that the concave bend in the southern New Jersey coast limits the southern extent of the jet.

A lateral plate dine, sexual dimorphism, and phenotypic variation in the black-spotted stickleback, Gasterosteus wheatlandi

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 368-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Craig Sargent ◽  
Michael A. Bell ◽  
William H. Krueger ◽  
Jeffrey V. Baumgartner
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Geographical Variation ◽  
Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Cape Cod ◽  
Lateral Plate ◽  
Plate Number ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Lateral Plates

We examined samples of Gasterosteus wheatlandi collected in coastal marine waters from northern Maine to southern New York. Gasterosteus wheatlandi exhibited remarkable variation in lateral plate number, including phenotypes similar to the low, partial, and complete morphs described in Gasterosteus aculeatus. Partials and completes, however, seemed to represent a continuum, thus we could only recognize two discreet phenotypes, low and partial–complete. The low phenotype predominated strongly north of Cape Cod and was rare or absent south of it. Within both phenotypes mean plate number increased toward the southern end of the range; thus, both lateral plate number and lateral plate phenotype exhibited a pronounced step-cline. We found significant sexual dimorphism among localities for total lateral plates and for a suite of other morphological characters. Both sexes had higher mean vertebral counts north of Cape Cod, a trend which ran counter to the cline in lateral plates. The pervasive sexual dimorphism in G. wheatlandi, and the fact that latitudinal variation in lateral plates ran counter to the trend in G. aculeatus, suggest that different processes may be responsible for maintaining the geographical variation in these two species.

Archive of Datasonics SIS-1000 chirp subbottom data collected during USGS cruise ALPH 98013, New York Bight, 8 September-23 October, 1998

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.S. Foster ◽  
W.C. Schwab ◽  
W.W. Danforth ◽  
J.F. Denny ◽  
J.C. Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York Bight ◽  
York Bight

Cluster analysis of marine sediments and waste deposits in New York bight

1975 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed A. Ali ◽  
M. Grant Gross ◽  
John R. L. Kishpaugh
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Marine Sediments ◽  
New York Bight ◽  
York Bight ◽  
Waste Deposits
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