Interactions between Two Distantly Related Species, Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and White Sucker (Catostomus commersoni)

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 857-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge Tremblay ◽  
Pierre Magnan
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Littoral Zone ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
White Sucker ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Allopatric Populations ◽  
Benthic Prey

We compared spatial distribution and food habits of an allopatric brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) population to one living sympatrically with white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) in two small oligotrophic lakes. Small brook trout (< 20 cm) of both sympatric and allopatric populations were more abundant in the littoral than in the offshore zone whereas large [Formula: see text] were found equally in both habitats in May. From June to August, small and large trout from both populations shifted to the offshore zone; this shift was more pronounced for small sympatric trout. Allopatric trout fed mainly on zoobenthos whereas sympatric trout fed mainly on zooplankton except small ones which ate mostly zoobenthos during May and June. White sucker (< 20 and [Formula: see text]) were generally found in the littoral zone, feeding mainly on zoobenthos. These results suggest that brook trout shifted their spatial distribution and/or their feeding habits in the presence of white sucker and that the nature of these interactions varied according to fish size. Diet overlap between trout and sucker was the lowest when the biomass of benthic prey in the littoral zone was lowest (July), indicating that the intensity of interaction among these species varies according to the abundance of food resources.

Effects of the introduction of white sucker, Catostomus commersoni, on the parasite fauna of brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 1304-1312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Dubois ◽  
Pierre Magnan ◽  
David J. Marcogliese
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
White Sucker ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Local Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Trout Feeding

White sucker, Catostomus commersoni, has been introduced in many brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis, lakes of the Laurentian Shield, Quebec, Canada. The goal of this study was to assess the impact of these introductions on the parasite fauna of brook trout. Three lakes containing brook trout only and three lakes containing both brook trout and white sucker were studied. The objectives were (i) to determine if white sucker parasites were able to colonise the relatively oligotrophic lakes of the Laurentian Shield, (ii) to establish if parasites were exchanged between sucker and trout, and (iii) to study the effect of trout feeding habits on their parasite fauna, since this fish shifts its diet from zoobenthos to Zooplankton when living with white sucker. Eight of the 12 parasite species found on white sucker probably colonised the lakes with their host. Among the 11 parasite species identified from trout, it is unlikely that any were introduced by white sucker. Trout living with white sucker have more parasites transmitted by Zooplankton (Diphyllobothrium ditremum and Eubothrium salvelini) and fewer parasites transmitted by zoobenthos (Crepidostomum farionis and Sterliadochona ephemeridarum) than trout living in allopatry. Local factors such as lake morphometrics also seemed to play an important role in the composition of the trout parasite fauna.

Resource partitioning between brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis Mitchill) and creek chub (Semotilus atromaculatus Mitchill) in selected oligotrophic lakes of southern Quebec

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 1612-1617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Magnan ◽  
Gérard J. FitzGerald
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Resource Partitioning ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Niche Shift ◽  
Sympatric Populations ◽  
Semotilus Atromaculatus ◽  
Trout Population ◽  
Creek Chub

The spatial distribution, food habits, and growth of an allopatric brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) population was compared with a trout population coexisting with creek chub (Semotilus atromaculatus). Sympatric trout differed in spatial distribution and food habits from allopatric trout suggesting a niche shift of the trout when they live with creek chub. Also, although there is a certain overlap in diet and spatial distribution, sympatric populations of the two species differed on these resource axes. However, growth of sympatric trout is not clearly related to the presence or absence of the creek chub, suggesting that factors other than interspecific competiton may affect growth in the seven study lakes.

Performance of Domestic, Hybrid, and Wild Strains of Brook Trout, Salvelinus fontinalis, after Stocking: the Impact of Intra- and Interspecific Competition

1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 2278-2284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Lachance ◽  
Pierre Magnan
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Competition ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
White Sucker ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Oligotrophic Lakes ◽  
Wild Strains ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Response Variables

Wild and hybrid strains of brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis, showed better rates of recovery (by angling) and yield (kilograms of fish recovered per kilogram planted) than a domestic strain, during the 2 yr following planting, in six small oligotrophic lakes of the Laurentian Shield. Native brook trout and white sucker, Catostomus commersoni, had a significant impact on planted brook trout. Recovery, percent of increment in weight and yield of each planted strain were inversely correlated with (1) the relative abundance of native brook trout, and (2) the occurrence of white sucker, supporting hypotheses of intra- and interspecific competition. Furthermore, the response variables were also inversely correlated with the number of potential competitors, indicating that the impact of native brook trout and white sucker was additive. The recovery in number of planted trout (both years and all strains) was approximately four times higher in lakes with effectively no competitors than in lakes containing both white sucker and native brook trout; the increase in weight was nearly three times higher, and the yield was more than nine times higher. The performances of planted fish were intermediate in the lake containing only native brook trout as competitor.

Response of fish communities to different levels of white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) biomanipulation in five temperate lakes

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 1998-2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Brodeur ◽  
Pierre Magnan ◽  
Michel Legault
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Fish Communities ◽  
White Sucker ◽  
Age At Maturity ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Mass Removal ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Different Levels

The goal of this study was to evaluate the response of white sucker (Catostomus commersoni), brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), and other fish species to the mass removal of white sucker in five Québec (Canada) lakes. White sucker removal ranged from 14.2 kg·ha–1 to 31.3 kg·ha–1 3 years after mass removal. In four of the study lakes, the proportion of 2+ to 4+ white sucker increased following mass removal. Mean catch and biomass per unit of effort of 1+ brook trout increased significantly in the lakes where white sucker removal was highest. All white sucker populations experienced growth increases after mass removal, and improved brook trout growth was observed in lakes where the most intensive mass removal occurred. These growth increases led to higher mean length at maturity in white sucker females and decreases in mean age at maturity in white sucker males and brook trout males and females. Mean adjusted fecundity significantly increased in white sucker and brook trout in lakes where mass removal was most intense. The present study suggests that white sucker and brook trout exhibit compensatory responses following a reduction of intra- and inter-specific competition and that these responses are related to the intensity of mass removal.

Comparative Survival and Growth of Planted Wild, Hybrid, and Domestic Strains of Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in Ontario Lakes

1981 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 1672-1684 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Wild Strain ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Precambrian Shield ◽  
Wild Hybrid ◽  
Wild Strains ◽  
Competitive Species ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Shield Lakes

Matched plantings of domestic strain and interstrain hybrid (or wild strain) brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) were made annually in nine small Precambrian Shield lakes during 1973–77. Recoveries of planted fish were made by gillnetting and/or angling during 1974–80. In six study lakes, hybrids (and wild strains) were recovered at rates two to four times greater than the domestic strain; in three lakes recoveries were similar. Most domestic strain trout were caught in the year following planting whereas recoveries of hybrids and wild strains were spread over 3–4 yr. Each kilogram of hybrid (or wild) planted yielded 5.6 kg (1.2–12.3); each kilogram of domestic strain planted yielded 0.8 kg (0.2–2.1). Lakes containing only minnows and sticklebacks yielded the highest returns of brook trout; lakes containing competitive species yielded low returns. Rapid growth of brook trout occurred in lakes containing only minnows and sticklebacks; slowest growth was noted in lakes supporting white suckers (Catostomus commersoni). Domestic strain brook trout and the matched hybrid grew at approximately the same rate within a lake and in seven of the nine lakes ate the same food. The performance of the Nipigon × domestic hybrid qualifies it for consideration as a replacement for the domestic brook trout presently planted in Ontario lakes.Key words: planting, brook trout, trout strain, hybrid, Precambrian Shield, survival, stock

Biotic and Abiotic Determinants of the Diet of Brook Trout, Salvelinus fontinalis, in Lakes of the Laurentian Shield

1992 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 1001-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvain Lacasse ◽  
Pierre Magnan
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
White Sucker ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Prey Fish ◽  
Rock Outcrops ◽  
Zooplankton Community Structure ◽  
Morphoedaphic Index ◽  
Terrestrial Insects

From a survey of 12 lakes containing brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis, 12 lakes containing brook trout and creek chub, Semotilus atromaculatus, and 13 lakes containing brook trout and white sucker, Catostomus commersoni, we built seven multiple linear regression models to account for the mean percent weight of different prey categories in the diet of brook trout. Presence of chub and sucker, zooplankton community structure, sampling date, morphoedaphic index, and the importance of rock outcrops accounted for 88% of the variation in weight of zoobenthos eaten by trout, which was the preferred prey in allopatry. Thirty percent of the variation in weight of zooplankton eaten by trout was explained by the importance of macrophytes and other refuges for fish. Models for amphipods, dipteran pupae, swimming insects, terrestrial insects, and prey-fish explained between 36 and 63% of the variation. The presence of white sucker or an index of their impact (mean length or density of Cladocera) and the characteristics of littoral habitats appeared in six of seven models. Littorasl habitats seemed particularly determinant for the inclusion of prey-fish in the diet, more prey-fish being eaten when regufes were abundant. Variables related to lake morphometry and physicochemistry appeared less regularly in the models.

A Comparative Study of Anadromous and Freshwater Populations of Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill))

1952 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Wilder
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Flesh Colour ◽  
Body Form ◽  
Sea Trout ◽  
Length Relationship ◽  
Sexual Characteristics ◽  
Different Temperatures

Anadromous and freshwater populations of Salvelinus fontinalis have been compared to determine the taxonomic relationship of the sea trout and brook trout. Sea trout and freshwater trout differ seasonally in coloration and flesh colour but these differences appear to be environmental in origin rather than hereditary. Freshwater trout reared to hatching at 5.5 °C. had larger head parts, deeper and wider bodies, longer fins, more pectoral rays, dorsal rays, and branchiostegals but fewer scale rows and anal rays than those of common parentage reared at 0.9 °C. Sea trout and freshwater trout from the same river differ less in body form than trout of common parentage reared at different temperatures and less than four populations of freshwater trout. Differential development of the secondary sexual characteristics accounts for most of the differences in body form between sea and freshwater trout. Sea trout and freshwater trout from different rivers reared under the same conditions differed less in body form than any of the other populations compared. Sea and freshwater trout did not differ significantly in any of the meristic structures counted. Seasonal differences in weight-length relationship related to spawning and feeding habits were observed. Sea trout grow rapidly during the year in which they first migrate to the sea but subsequent growth is not appreciably faster than freshwater trout from the same river. Exposure of freshwater trout to sea water indicates that some could survive typical sea trout migrations. No evidence was obtained to indicate hereditary differences in migratory behaviour. Evidence available indicates that sea and freshwater trout of Moser River, Nova Scotia, constitute one taxonomic unit.

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