Nitrogen Fixation by Epilithic Periphyton in Small Arctic Lakes in Response to Experimental Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilization

1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1545-1550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin A. Bergmann ◽  
Harold E. Welch
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Reduction Technique ◽  
Arctic Lakes ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
N Budget ◽  
Subarctic Lakes ◽  
Active Nitrogen ◽  
Study Lake ◽  
Incoming Light

Epilithic periphyton played a moderate role in the nitrogen budget of four small arctic lakes located at Saqvaqjuac, N.W.T. The acetylene reduction technique used to estimate nitrogen fixation indicated that periphyton in 0–2 m water depth were capable of fixing up to 0.86 mg N∙m−2∙h−1 during the period of active nitrogen fixation from July to September 1981. Far Lake was fertilized with Phosphorus for 3 yr and had a higher rate of fixation than did a P- and N-fertilized lake or a control lake, in agreement with similar studies on temperate and subarctic lakes. A numerical model based on incoming light was used to perdict the amount of nitrogen fixed in each study lake throughout the season. The calculated contribution of periphyton to the overall N budget for 1981 was 5% for the P- and N-fertilized lake, 16% for the control lake and 28% for the P-only fertilized lake.

Environmental regulation of nitrogen fixation in a high arctic lowland ecosystem

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 2744-2755 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Chapin ◽  
L. C. Bliss ◽  
L. J. Bledsoe
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Acetylene Reduction ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Nostoc Commune ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Devon Island

This study examined spatial and temporal variation in cyanobacterial nitrogen fixation and the environmental regulation of this variation at Truelove Lowland, Devon Island, N.W.T. Acetylene reduction rates of soil–plant cores from a variety of plant communities were measured under uniform conditions of light and temperature during the 1987 and 1988 growing seasons. Concurrent measurements of soil moisture and extractable nitrogen and phosphorus were also made. Effects of temperature, moisture, and phosphorus were examined in manipulative experiments. Acetylene reduction rates were highest in brackish environments, intermediate in mesic to hydric terrestrial and in aquatic communities, and lowest on xeric beach ridges. Rates generally increased during early season, then decreased through mid to late season. Among the three parameters examined, rates were most highly correlated to soil moisture. The temperature optimum for fixation was near 20 °C. There was a strong, but reversable, depression in acetylene reduction in response to experimental desiccation, and weekly phosphorus fertilization had a strong positive effect on fixation rates. The highest fixation rates along the marine shoreline were associated with high phosphorus input from marine algae and greater biomass of cyanobacteria. Because of the overriding importance of moisture, changes in nitrogen and phosphorus levels accompanying ecosystem development do not appear to strongly control nitrogen fixation in terrestrial, nonbrackish sites in this polar desert oasis. Key words: nitrogen fixation, environmental regulation, Devon Island, High Arctic, Nostoc commune, cyanobacteria.

scholarly journals Crescimento inicial da berinjeleira sob adubação nitrogenada e fosfatada e irrigada com água de reúso

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldair de Souza Medeiros ◽  
Reginaldo Gomes Nobre ◽  
Eliane da Silva Ferreira ◽  
Whalamys Lourenço de Araújo ◽  
Manoel Moises Ferreira de Queiroz
Keyword(s):  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Intermittent Flow ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Sand Filter

<p><span>A utilização da água vem gerando alguns conflitos devido o aumento da escassez hídrica em todo o mundo, os setores de maior consumo são a agricultura responde por 70%, o setor industrial 22% e 8% corresponde ao uso doméstico. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar os efeitos causados pelas doses de nitrogênio e fósforo e a irrigação com água de reúso doméstica pós-tratada em filtro de areia com fluxo intermitente durante o crescimento inicial da berinjeleira na região semiárida paraibana. O experimento foi realizado em ambiente protegido, no Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia Agroalimentar (CCTA/UFCG), Campus de Pombal – PB, e cujos tratamentos resultaram na combinação de dois fatores: quatro doses de adubação nitrogenada (N<sub>1 </sub>- 3,55; N<sub>2</sub> - 6,2; N<sub>3</sub> - 8,9; N<sub>4</sub> - 11,55 g de N/vaso) e quatro doses de adubação fosfatada (P<sub>1</sub> - 15,28; P<sub>2</sub> - 26,74; P<sub>3</sub> - 38,2; P<sub>4</sub> - 49,66 g de P/vaso) correspondendo respectivamente a 40; 70; 100; 130% conforme indicação de adubação para a cultura da berinjela quando cultivada em vasos, irrigada com água de reúso pós-tratada em filtro de areia intermitente (AR). O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de blocos inteiramente casualizados, com os tratamentos arranjados em esquema fatorial 4 x 4, com quatro repetições. Conclui-se que a prática da irrigação com água de reúso surge como uma fonte hídrica e nutricional para a cultura da berinjela, nas condições edafoclimáticas do semiárido; Doses de 3,55 g de N e 15,28 g de P por planta quando se utiliza água de reúso na irrigação de plantas de berinjela são suficientes para suprir as necessidades nutricionais da cultura. A massa fresca da folha de plantas de berinjela decresceu linearmente com o incremento das doses de N aplicadas. A produção de massa fresca e seca da parte aérea de plantas de berinjela irrigadas com água de reúso com 40% da adubação com N e P não diferiu das plantas que receberam 100% indicação de N e P.</span></p><p align="center"><strong><em>Eggplant early growth under nitrogen and phosphate and irrigated with reuse water</em></strong></p><p><strong>ABSTRACT - </strong>The use of water has generated some conflicts due to increasing water scarcity around the world, the largest consumer sectors are agriculture accounts for 70 %, the industrial sector 22% and 8% corresponds to the household. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects caused by nitrogen and phosphorus and irrigation with reclaimed water post- treated domestic sand filter with intermittent flow during the initial growth of eggplant in Paraíba semi-arid region.The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in the Science and Technology Center Agrifood (CCTA / UFCG), Campus de Pombal - PB, and the treatments resulted in the combination of two factors: four doses of nitrogen (N1 - 3.55; N2 - 6.2; N3 - 8.9; N4 - 11.55 g N / pot) and four doses of phosphorus fertilization (P1 - 15.28; P2 - 26.74; P3 - 38.2; P4 - 49 66 g P / pot) corresponding respectively to 40; 70; 100; 130% as fertilizer indication for eggplants when grown in pots irrigated with treated wastewater post-intermittent sand filter (AR). The experimental design was a completely randomized design, with treatments arranged in a factorial 4 x 4, with four replications. We conclude it the practice of irrigation with reclaimed water emerges as a water and nutrient source for the eggplant crop, soil and weather conditions in the semiarid; Doses of 3,55 g of N and 15,28 g P per plant when using reclaimed water in irrigation eggplants are sufficient to meet the nutritional needs of the crop. The fresh weight of eggplants sheet decreased linearly with increasing N rates. The production shoot fresh and dry mass of eggplant plants irrigated with reclaimed water to 40% of fertilization with N and P did not differ from plants that received 100 % of N and P indication.</p><p><span><br /></span></p>

Combined Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilization for Controlling the Toxigenic AlgaPrymnesium parvum

2007 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald L. Kurten ◽  
Aaron Barkoh ◽  
Loraine T. Fries ◽  
Drew C. Begley
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Combined Nitrogen

EFFECT OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZATION ON WILD OATS AND SPRING WHEAT

1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Sexsmith ◽  
G. C. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Measurable Effect ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Loam Soil

Spring wheat, with fertilizer applied in the drill rows, was grown in wild-oat-infested stubble on a Shallow Lethbride loam soil for 4 years, Phosphorus had no measurable effect on the height, straw weight, seed yield, or number of wild-oat plants. In contrast, nitrogen increased the number of seed-bearing stems, plant height, straw weight, and seed yield, but did not change the wild-oat stand. Wheat yields were increased by nitrogen and further increased by the addition of phosphorus at the rate of 20 pounds of P2O5 per acre in 3 of the 4 years. Measured bushel weight of the wheat increased with nitrogen fertilizer additions and was further increased by phosphorus except at the high rate of both materials. Fertilizer applications, under conditions similar to those encountered in this test, may be useful for increasing wheat production, but only at the expense of producing increased quantities of wild-oat seed.

scholarly journals The effect of inoculation of pea plants with mycorrhizal fungi and Rhizobium on nitrogen and phosphorus assimilation

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 435-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Geneva ◽  
G. Zehirov ◽  
E. Djonova ◽  
N. Kaloyanova ◽  
G. Georgiev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Glomus Mosseae ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Phosphorus Level ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation Activity ◽  
Fixation Activity

The study evaluated the response of pea (Pisum sativum cv. Avola) to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM) species Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices and Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viceae, strain D 293, regarding the growth, photosynthesis, nodulation and nitrogen fixation activity. Pea plants were grown in a glasshouse until the flowering stage (35 days), in 4 kg plastic pots using leached cinnamonic forest soil (Chromic Luvisols &ndash; FAO) at P levels 13.2 (P1) and 39.8 (P2) mg P/kg soil. The obtained results demonstrated that the dual inoculation of pea plants significantly increased the plant biomass, photosynthetic rate, nodulation, and nitrogen fixation activity in comparison with single inoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viceae strain D 293. On the other hand, coinoculation significantly increased the total phosphorus content in plant tissue, acid phosphatase activity and percentage of root colonization. The effectiveness of coinoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum and Glomus mosseae was higher at the low phosphorus level while the coinoculation with Glomus intraradices appeared to be the most effective at higher phosphorus level.

scholarly journals Yield and Nutritional Quality of Cabbage as Affected by Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilization

1970 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
KMF Haque ◽  
AA Jahangir ◽  
ME Haque ◽  
RK Mondal ◽  
MAA Jahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Titrable Acidity ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

An experiment was conducted in field condition to study the effect of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilization on growth, yield and nutrient content of cabbage. The experiment was laid out in randomize block design with three replications. The yield and yield components were maximized by N3P2 fertilizer treatment. Nutrient content of cabbage varied with fertilizer treatment. The maximum amount of reducing sugar, ascorbic acid, phosphorus were found at the highest rate of N - P fertilization whereas accumulation of titrable acidity, iron, calcium were maximum at the rate of N2P2 treatment. However pH, ash content were more or less same throughout the experiment. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 41(1-2), 41-46, 2006

Nutrients Within Integrated Bleached Kraft Mills: Sources and Behaviour in Aerated Stabilisation Basins

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Slade ◽  
C. M. Nicol ◽  
J. Grigsby
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Pulp And Paper Industry ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Nutrient Requirements ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nutrient Supplementation ◽  
Nutrient Sources ◽  
Kraft Mill

As constraints on the discharge of nitrogen and phosphorus from the pulp and paper industry become tighter, a thorough knowledge of nutrient sources, and their behaviour through treatment systems, is required. Once nutrient behaviour has been characterised, strategies to minimise discharge can be formulated. A survey of nutrient sources around a modern ECF integrated bleached kraft mill showed that point sources of nitrogen and phosphorus could be identified. Approximately 40% of the nitrogen was contained in the foul condensate stream and 40% of the phosphorus contained in the acid stage of bleaching. Three Aerated Stabilisation Basin treatment systems were studied, two of which were nutrient limited in terms of theoretical nutrient requirements. All three systems achieved approximately 90% BOD removal without nutrient supplementation. For the wastewater with a high BOD:N ratio (100:0.8), nitrogen fixation was shown to be important. Benthic recycling was a more important mechanism when the BOD:N ratio was lower (100:2.1). For a severely phosphorus limited wastewater (BOD:P 100:0.04), treated in a system with a long retention time (85 d), benthic recycling was the predominant mechanism for nutrient supply. The relative roles of nitrogen fixation and benthic feed back to the nitrogen cycle in aerated stabilisation basins are discussed.

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