Nutritional Significance of Facultative Detritivory to the Juvenile White Sucker (Catostomus commetsoni)

1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly O. Ahlgren
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Assimilation Efficiency ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
White Sucker ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Invertebrate Prey ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Growth Experiments ◽  
Total Amino Acids

The nutritional significance of detritus in the diet of the juvenile white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) was evaluated by experiments designed to assess assimilation efficiency and growth of sucker fed detritus and other foods. Sucker in laboratory aquaria assimilated detritus with the following efficiencies: dry mass = 19.6%, ash-free dry mass (AFDM) = 59.7%, total amino acids = 68.9%, energy = 69.4%. Assimilation efficiencies calculated for invertebrates and natural field diets were slightly higher. Diatom assimilation was low (5.5%). In growth experiments, sucker fed detritus ad libitum lost weight, while those fed Artemia ad libitum grew rapidly. However, detritus increased the growth rate of sucker fed a limited invertebrate ration and reduced the rate of weight loss relative to unfed fish. The ratio of digestible protein to digestible energy calculated for natural detritus diets (3.2 mg amino acid/kj) indicates that the protein content of detritus is too low to support growth. Detritus provides energy which complements limited invertebrate protein to enhance growth or reduce the rate of weight loss when invertebrate prey are not available.

Diet Selection and the Contribution of Detritus to the Diet of the Juvenile White Sucker (Catostomus commersoni)

1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly O. Ahlgren
Keyword(s):  
Field Data ◽  
Diet Selection ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Maximum Density ◽  
White Sucker ◽  
Quantitative Microscopy ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Invertebrate Prey ◽  
Invertebrate Abundance ◽  
Northern Michigan

The ash-free dry mass (AFDM) of detritus, invertebrates, and algae in the diet of juvenile white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) was determined by quantitative microscopy. Fish were collected from a northern Michigan pond from January through October 1986 and their seasonal diet was compared with benthc invertebrate abundance. The quantity of detritus in sucker foreguts was inversely related to benthic microcrustacean densities. In July, microcrustacean densities were high and they comprised 95% of the AFDM in foregut contents. By October, microcrustacean densities had declined to 13% of their maximum density and detritus comprised over 90% of the sucker's diet AFDM. In laboratory aquaria, sucker that were fed detritus mixed with four different densities of Artemia ingested significantly more detritus from diets that provided lower Artemia densities. In the presence of high Artemia densities, sucker completely rejected detritus and ingested only Artemia, The fact that juvenile sucker can separate detritus from invertebrates that they swallow demonstrates that detritus is not ingested incidentally. Both laboratory and field data support the hypothesis that detritus is ingested intentionally when preferred invertebrate prey are scarce.

Within-population variability in egg characteristics of walleye (Stizostedion vitreum) and white sucker (Catostomus commersoni)

1997 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 1006-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
T A Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Stizostedion Vitreum ◽  
White Sucker ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Female Age ◽  
Size And Age Structure ◽  
The Relationship

I examined variation in egg characteristics among individual females of sympatrically spawning walleye (Stizostedion vitreum) and white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) from Lake Manitoba. White sucker produced eggs of greater dry mass and energy content than walleye. Walleye egg dry mass varied between years and was positively related to both female length and age. The relationship between white sucker egg dry mass and female length varied between years. Egg energy density did not vary with respect to female length in either species. Egg energy density varied between years for walleye but not white sucker. Hatching success of walleye eggs was positively related to female age and negatively related to female length adjusted for age. Length and dry mass of walleye larvae at hatch increased with egg dry mass. Results suggest that the quality of eggs produced by walleye and white sucker populations may vary with the size and age structure of the populations and among spawning years.

Distribution of Waterfowl Broods in Sudbury Area Lakes in Relation to Fish, Macroinvertebrates, and Water Chemistry

1992 ◽  
Vol 49 (S1) ◽  
pp. 122-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. McNicol ◽  
M. Wayland
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Acid Stress ◽  
White Sucker ◽  
Small Lakes ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Fishless Lakes ◽  
Invertebrate Prey ◽  
Acid Tolerant ◽  
Invertebrate Assemblages

We studied habitat selection by insectivorous waterfowl in 65 small lakes near Sudbury, Ontario. Data on environmental variables (pH, alkalinity, conductivity, calcium, total phosphorus, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and area), fish, and littoral macroinvertebrates indicated that the distribution of broods was influenced by differences in invertebrate prey assemblages in lakes with differing degrees of acid stress and types offish predation. Lakes ranged in pH from 4.2 to 7.7 (mean = 5.8); 40% were fishless, 43% were dominated by yellow perch (Perca flavescens) or white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) (YP/WS), and the remainder contained only small cyprinids, sticklebacks, or darters (C/S). Fishless lakes were more acid than lakes with fish. Compared with fishless lakes, C/S lakes had higher levels of DOC and YP/WS lakes were larger. Macroinvertebrate composition was strongly related to fish composition and suggested increasing predation along a gradient: fishless < C/S < YP/WS. pH-related variables distinguished lakes with a taxonomically rich benthos from those with a taxonomically poorer fauna. Insectivorous waterfowl selected fishless lakes over lakes with fish and C/S over YP/WS lakes. Lakes with species-rich, acid-sensitive invertebrate assemblages were not selected over those typified by species-poor, acid-tolerant ones.

Responses in a Fathead Minnow (Pimephales promelas) Lifecycle Test and in Wild White Sucker (Catostomus commersoni) Exposed to a Canadian Bleached Kraft Mill Effluent

2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne L. Parrott ◽  
L. Mark Hewitt ◽  
Tibor G. Kovacs ◽  
Deborah L. MacLatchy ◽  
Pierre H. Martel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Fathead Minnow ◽  
Pimephales Promelas ◽  
Fish Reproduction ◽  
White Sucker ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Liver Size ◽  
Paper Mill Effluent ◽  
Kraft Mill Effluent ◽  
Kraft Mill

Abstract To evaluate currently available bioassays for their use in investigating the causes of pulp and paper mill effluent effects on fish reproduction, the responses of wild white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) collected from the receiving environment at the bleached kraft mill at La Tuque, Quebec, were compared with responses of fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) exposed to effluent in a laboratory lifecycle test. White sucker collected at effluent exposed sites had increased liver size but none of the reproductive effects that had been documented in earlier field studies at this site. Exposure to 1, 3, 10, 30, and 100% bleached kraft mill effluent (BKME) in the lab led to significantly decreased length, but increased weight and liver size in male fathead minnow. Female length was also decreased and liver size was increased at high effluent exposures. Most effluent concentrations (1 to 30%) significantly increased egg production compared with controls. The fathead minnow lifecycle assay mirrored the effects seen in wild fish captured downstream of the BKME discharge. These results will be used to select short-term fish tests for investigating the causes of and solutions to the effects of mill effluents on fish reproduction.

scholarly journals Caloric Restriction Prevents Metabolic Dysfunction and the Changes in Hypothalamic Neuropeptides Associated with Obesity Independently of Dietary Fat Content in Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2128
Author(s):  
Marina Martín ◽  
Amaia Rodríguez ◽  
Javier Gómez-Ambrosi ◽  
Beatriz Ramírez ◽  
Sara Becerril ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Gut Hormone ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Food Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Hypothalamic Neuropeptides ◽  
Ad Libitum

Energy restriction is a first therapy in the treatment of obesity, but the underlying biological mechanisms have not been completely clarified. We analyzed the effects of restriction of high-fat diet (HFD) on weight loss, circulating gut hormone levels and expression of hypothalamic neuropeptides. Ten-week-old male Wistar rats (n = 40) were randomly distributed into four groups: two fed ad libitum a normal diet (ND) (N group) or a HFD (H group) and two subjected to a 25% caloric restriction of ND (NR group) or HFD (HR group) for 9 weeks. A 25% restriction of HFD over 9 weeks leads to a 36% weight loss with regard to the group fed HFD ad libitum accompanied by normal values in adiposity index and food efficiency ratio (FER). This restriction also carried the normalization of NPY, AgRP and POMC hypothalamic mRNA expression, without changes in CART. Caloric restriction did not succeed in improving glucose homeostasis but reduced HFD-induced hyperinsulinemia. In conclusion, 25% restriction of HFD reduced adiposity and improved metabolism in experimental obesity, without changes in glycemia. Restriction of the HFD triggered the normalization of hypothalamic NPY, AgRP and POMC expression, as well as ghrelin and leptin levels.

Survival to hatching of fishes in sulfate-saline waters, Devils Lake, North Dakota

1995 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 464-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd M. Koel ◽  
John J. Peterka
Keyword(s):  
North Dakota ◽  
Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Hatching Success ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
White Sucker ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Devils Lake ◽  
Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Species Survival

Laboratory-based bioassays were conducted to determine concentrations of sodium-sulfate type salinities that limit the hatching success of several fish species. Survival to hatching (SH) was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in sodium-sulfate type waters from Devils Lake, North Dakota, of ≥ 2400 mg/L total dissolved solids (TDS) than in fresh water of 200 mg/L. In waters of 200, 1150, 2400, 4250, and 6350 mg/L TDS, walleye (Stizostedion vitreum) SH was 41, 38, 7, 1, and 0%; northern pike (Esox lucius) SH was 92, 68, 33, 2, and 0%; yellow perch (Perca flavescens) SH was 88, 70, 73, 0, and 0%; white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) SH was 87, 95, 66, 0, and 0%; common carp (Cyprinus carpio) SH was 71, 69, 49, 63, and 25%.

Significance of Organic Detritus in the Diet of Larval Lampreys in the Great Lakes Basin

1994 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 2380-2387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trent M. Sutton ◽  
Stephen H. Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Assimilation Efficiency ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Great Lakes Basin ◽  
Organic Detritus ◽  
Upper Peninsula ◽  
Sea Lampreys ◽  
Gut Fullness ◽  
Upper Peninsula Of Michigan

Larval sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) and northern brook lamprey (Ichthyomyzon fossor) were collected monthly from three streams in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan from May 1992 through May 1993 and larval sea lampreys were collected during summer months from sites throughout the Great Lakes basin. Organic detritus made up most of the diet ash-free-dry-mass (AFDM) throughout the year, averaging 97.79%, with algae (2.12%) and bacteria (0.09%) making up the remainder of the diet AFDM. Assimilation efficiency for AFDM averaged 72% during warmer months and 53% during cooler months (annual mean = 61%). Gut fullness (amount of AFDM in the anterior one-tenth of the intestine) was low (mean = 0.10 mg diet AFDM∙g−1 ammocoete). There were no significant differences in these measures between ammocoetes collected from the Upper Peninsula and those collected throughout the Great Lakes basin. From a laboratory-determined relationship between gut fullness and feeding rate, feeding rate in the field was estimated to be extremely slow, ranging from 4.2 to 5.5 mg diet AFDM∙g−1 ammocoete∙d−1. These observations indicate that larval lampreys efficiently utilize a diet of organic detritus during warmer months when stream temperatures and food quality are more favorable for feeding, digestion, and growth.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document