Summer Habitat Utilization and Ecology of Cutthroat Trout Fry (Salmo clarki) in Cascade Mountain Streams

1988 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 1921-1930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly M. S. Moore ◽  
Stanley V. Gregory
Keyword(s):  
Riparian Vegetation ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Benthic Invertebrate ◽  
Habitat Requirements ◽  
Side Channels ◽  
Small Streams ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Access To Food ◽  
Salmo Clarki

Emergent cutthroat trout fry (Salmo clarki) were observed in the margins, backwaters, and side channels, collectively called "lateral habitats," of three study streams with different riparian vegetation. Most fry remained in these lateral habitats until the end of their first summer. The abundance of cutthroat fry was proportional to the area of lateral habitat in each of the study streams. Average size and growth rate of fry were related to the effect of site elevation on stream temperature and the influence of riparian vegetation on the availability of invertebrate food. Lateral habitats are characterized by slow, shallow-water, abundant detritus and benthic invertebrate assemblages of high density. Stream margins and backwaters provide gradients of depth and velocity, cover, and access to food that are appropriate to the habitat requirements of fry. Because fry populations are closely related to the abundance and quality of lateral habitats in small streams, these habitats should be included in the assessment of habitat requirements of cutthroat trout.

Comparative Behavior and Habitat Utilization of Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and Cutthroat Trout (Salmo clarki) in Small Streams in Northern Idaho

1972 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Griffith Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Stream Channels ◽  
Sympatric Populations ◽  
Small Streams ◽  
Northern Idaho ◽  
Salmo Clarki

Individual brook (Salvelinus fontinalis) and cutthroat (Salmo clarki) trout communicated with similar behavioral signals, both in laboratory stream-channels and in northern Idaho streams. Underyearling brook trout were less active socially than equal-sized cutthroat trout in laboratory observations. In study streams, brook trout maintained a 20-mm size advantage over cutthroat of the same age-groups throughout their lives, as they emerged from the gravel before cutthroat. Because of this size advantage, underyearling brook trout of sizes found in study streams in September consistently dominated in experiments the underyearling cutthroat with which they normally lived. But in study streams underyearlings of the two species utilized different microhabitats, particularly with respect to water depth, and so minimized chances for interaction.Yearling and older brook trout initiated 40% fewer aggressive encounters under laboratory conditions than did equal-sized cutthroat trout, and did not displace the cutthroat. In study streams with sympatric populations, cutthroat trout of these age-groups occupied territories with focal points of higher water velocities (averaging 10.2–10.3 cm/sec) than those occupied by brook trout (averaging 7.6–9.6 cm/sec). Considerable interspecific overlap in other habitat characteristics occurred for trout of age-groups I and II. The oldest members of the two species segregated more distinctly, as the brook trout lived closer to overhead cover.

EFFECT OF VARIOUS HORMONES ON THE KIDNEY RESPIRATION RATES IN THE CUTTHROAT TROUT (SALMO CLARKI CLARKI)

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIII (III) ◽  
pp. 428-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. N. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Adaptive Mechanism ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Salmo Clarki

ABSTRACT Relatively large doses of vasopressin administered intraperitoneally to the trout significantly enhanced the kidney respiration rate. In contrast to vasopressin a single dose of oxytocin depressed the kidney Qo2 value. This depression continued throughout the observed 24 hour period after injection. Cortisol enhanced the kidney Qo2 values significantly and to a greater extent than vasopressin. These results are discussed in relation to possible adaptive mechanism in euryhaline species of teleosts.

scholarly journals Evaluating Coexistence of Fish Species with Coastal Cutthroat Trout in Low Order Streams of Western Oregon and Washington, USA

Fishes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Kyle D. Martens ◽  
Jason Dunham
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Single Species ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Small Streams ◽  
Coastal Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Multiple Species ◽  
Low Order

When multiple species of fish coexist there are a host of potential ways through which they may interact, yet there is often a strong focus on studies of single species without considering these interactions. For example, many studies of forestry–stream interactions in the Pacific Northwest have focused solely on the most prevalent species: Coastal cutthroat trout. To examine the potential for interactions of other fishes with coastal cutthroat trout, we conducted an analysis of 281 sites in low order streams located on Washington’s Olympic Peninsula and along the central Oregon coast. Coastal cutthroat trout and juvenile coho salmon were the most commonly found salmonid species within these streams and exhibited positive associations with each other for both presence and density. Steelhead were negatively associated with the presence of coastal cutthroat trout as well as with coho salmon and sculpins (Cottidae). Coastal cutthroat trout most frequently shared streams with juvenile coho salmon. For densities of these co-occurring species, associations between these two species were relatively weak compared to the strong influences of physical stream conditions (size and gradient), suggesting that physical conditions may have more of an influence on density than species interactions. Collectively, our analysis, along with a review of findings from prior field and laboratory studies, suggests that the net effect of interactions between coastal cutthroat trout and coho salmon do not appear to inhibit their presence or densities in small streams along the Pacific Northwest.

Food Specialization By Individual Trout

1972 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1615-1624 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Bryan ◽  
P. A. Larkin
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Potential Prey ◽  
Repeated Observation ◽  
Size Growth ◽  
Salmo Clarki

Analyses of stomach contents showed that the kinds of prey eaten by brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), cutthroat trout (Salmo clarki), and rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) were seldom distributed at random among the individuals. Repeated observation of food eaten by individuals in a stream and ponds showed that prey types were eaten in proportions which were characteristic for an individual.Specialization occurred on several different kinds of prey. Although the degree of specialization was higher during shorter intervals, the data suggested that some specialization persisted for half a year. There were no striking correlations between degree of specialization and other individual properties such as size, growth rate, weight of food, number of food items, previous specialization, or area of recapture.In addition to the observations on trout in relatively undisturbed habitats, a field experiment was conducted using laboratory-reared rainbow trout held in small ponds. The food of each trout in the experiment was sampled repeatedly. In analysis of variance, interaction among the individuals and kinds of prey eaten showed that food specialization occurred. Both the absolute and relative abundance of potential prey were constant during the experiment.

Effect of Water Temperature on Egg Quality of Cutthroat Trout

1983 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlie E. Smith ◽  
William P. Dwyer ◽  
Robert G. Piper
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Effect Of Water

scholarly journals Meteorological disasters in Slovenian forests - how to approach the restoration in our specific conditions

2015 ◽  
pp. 85-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurij Marence
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Private Land ◽  
Ice Storm ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Private Forests ◽  
Snow Damage ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Meteorological Disasters

In recent years, forests are exposed to various meteorological disasters. The climate change and warming of atmosphere cause more intensive and frequent occurrences in the atmosphere. This is also reflected in Slovenian forests - in particular in the form of windthrow, snow-damage, landslides and avalanches, and in 2014 a catastrophic ice storm. Some forecasts indicate that the future will bring more of this kind of disasters. The ice storm in the last year stroke the land the most in history, in particular in terms of damaged trees and areas. According to the available data, the damaged quantities of trees represent more than a two years planned annual cut in Slovenian forests, while about a half of the country was affected. The majority of the damaged wood comes from private forests. The remedying of such extensive meteorological disasters is demanding, dangerous and prolonged - it is also hindered by the specific ownership structure of the forest land in Slovenia and its average size. 75% of all forest have private owners, and this land is fragmented with a large number of forest holders. An average forest land is only 2.3 ha per individual owner. In these conditions, the following questions have to be answered: who, how and in what time is it possible to remedy the caused damage? What is the current quality of wood which was damaged in many ways in the meteorological disaster? Is it possible to use more modern felling technologies and wood transports from the forest in so fragmented private land?

Habitat use by Harlequin Ducks breeding in Hebron Fiord, Labrador

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 897-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S Rodway
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Benthic Invertebrate ◽  
Breeding Habitat ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Habitat Requirements ◽  
North American Population ◽  
American Population ◽  
Invertebrate Fauna ◽  
Chironomid Larvae ◽  
Harlequin Ducks

Understanding of breeding habitat requirements is vital to recovery plans for the endangered eastern North American population of Harlequin Ducks (Histrionicus histrionicus). I compared habitat characteristics and benthic invertebrate fauna between streams in Hebron Fiord, Labrador, used and unused by Harlequin Ducks in 1996. Used streams were narrower, had higher pH and temperature, a larger substrate, steeper shorelines, and greater vegetation cover on islands and shorelines than unused streams. Greater numbers of invertebrates were recovered from kick samples, simuliid larvae and plecopteran nymphs were more frequent, and chironomid larvae and emphemeropteran nymphs were less frequent in used than in unused streams. Results from this study will help focus future survey and conservation efforts.

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