Phosphorus Release Processes in Nearshore Southern Lake Michigan

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1201-1207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Quigley ◽  
John A. Robbins
Keyword(s):  
Pore Water ◽  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
Fickian Diffusion ◽  
Phosphorus Cycle ◽  
Release Rates ◽  
Overlying Water

We determined soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) release rates from intact, medium-fine sand cores obtained from an 11-m-deep sampling site in nearshore Lake Michigan during July–October 1980. Mean SRP release ranged from 0.17 ± 0.03 (SE) to 0.57 ± 0.04 mg PO4-P∙m−2∙d−1. Pore water analysis indicated that, despite high dissolved oxygen concentrations in the uppermost 6 cm of sediment, SRP concentrations increased rapidly with depth throughout this zone. Moreover, a Fickian diffusion equation based on the SRP pore water gradient and physical sediment features predicted a release rate (1.12 mg PO4-P∙m−1∙d−1) that was 2–7 times higher than release rates measured from intact cores. Results suggest that nearshore sediments provide a ready pathway for the return of SRP to overlying water, and this process warrants inclusion in future conceptual models of Lake Michigan's phosphorus cycle.

Release of Phosphorus by Certain Benthic Invertebrates

1981 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 978-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne S. Gardner ◽  
Thomas F. Nalepa ◽  
Michael A. Quigley ◽  
John M. Malczyk
Keyword(s):  
Benthic Invertebrates ◽  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Nutrient Release ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Benthic Invertebrate ◽  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
Release Rates ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Two Temperature

Phosphate release rates by Stylodrilus heringianus, tubificids, and Chironomus spp. were quantified in laboratory experiments by incubating the animals in wet sand under two temperature regimes (5 and 20 °C) and under two nutritional states (full and empty guts). Inorganic phosphorus release rates (± SE) for animals incubated 24 h ranged from 0.12 ± 0.02 (n = 5) nmol phosphorus (P)∙(mg ash-free dry weight)−1∙h−1 for S. heringianus beginning with cleared guts at 5 °C to 0.81 ± 0.09 (n = 5) nmol P∙(mg ash-free dry weight)−1∙h−1 for chironomids beginning with full guts at 20 °C. Calculations based on total invertebrate bio-mass and mean basal release rate suggest that benthic invertebrate excretion could account for most P released from aerobic Lake Michigan sediments.Key words: phosphorus, benthic invertebrates, macroinvertebrates, excretion, nutrients, sediments, nutrient release

scholarly journals Effects of cyanobacterial-driven pH increases on sediment nutrient fluxes and coupled nitrification-denitrification in a shallow fresh water estuary

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2697-2710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Gao ◽  
J. C. Cornwell ◽  
D. K. Stoecker ◽  
M. S. Owens
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Ph Effects ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
High Ph ◽  
Total Ammonium ◽  
Water Ecosystems

Abstract. Summer cyanobacterial blooms caused an elevation in pH (9 to ~10.5) that lasted for weeks in the shallow and tidal-fresh region of the Sassafras River, a tributary of Chesapeake Bay (USA). Elevated pH promoted desorption of sedimentary inorganic phosphorus and facilitated conversion of ammonium (NH4+) to ammonia (NH3). In this study, we investigated pH effects on exchangeable NH4+ desorption, pore water diffusion and the flux rates of NH4+, soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) and nitrate (NO3−), nitrification, denitrification, and oxygen consumption. Elevated pH enhanced desorption of exchangeable NH4+ through NH3 formation from both pore water and adsorbed NH4+ pools. Progressive penetration of high pH from the overlying water into sediment promoted the mobility of SRP and the release of total ammonium (NH4+ and NH3) into the pore water. At elevated pH levels, high sediment-water effluxes of SRP and total ammonium were associated with reduction of nitrification, denitrification and oxygen consumption rates. Alkaline pH and the toxicity of NH3 may inhibit nitrification in the thin aerobic zone, simultaneously constraining coupled nitrification–denitrification with limited NO3− supply and high pH penetration into the anaerobic zone. Geochemical feedbacks to pH elevation, such as enhancement of dissolved nutrient effluxes and reduction in N2 loss via denitrification, may enhance the persistence of cyanobacterial blooms in shallow water ecosystems.

Patterns and Rates of Nitrogen Release by Benthic Chironomidae and Oligochaeta

1983 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne S. Gardner ◽  
Thomas F. Nalepa ◽  
David R. Slavens ◽  
Gwenyth A. Laird
Keyword(s):  
Benthic Invertebrates ◽  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
Primary Amines ◽  
Ammonium Excretion ◽  
Nitrogen Release ◽  
Release Rates ◽  
Amine Nitrogen ◽  
Metabolic Pool

Metabolic mineralization of ammonium by tubificid worms and chironomid larvae appears to be an important mechanism contributing to nitrogen regeneration from aerobic lake sediments. Mean weight [ash free dry weight (AFDW)] – specific ammonium release rates ranged from 3 to 15 nmol NH4 (mg AFDW)]−1∙h−1 for chironomid and tubificid species collected at different times and temperatures from nearshore Lake Michigan sediments. Although mean rates of nitrogen release were similar for the two groups of benthic invertebrates, the patterns of release were different. Tubificids released nitrogen (ammonium plus primary amines) continuously, whereas chironomids released it in spurts several times per hour. Mean ammonium-release rates were generally constant with time after the animals were removed from food for both species. This implies that ammonium regeneration for these benthic animals is primarily an endogenous process. Conversely, primary amine nitrogen release often decreased with time after food removal and may reflect either egestion of partially digested materials from the animals' guts or a decrease in the metabolic pool size of free amino acids. Based on previous measurements of phosphorus release, mean molar NH4:PO4 ratios in excreted materials were calculated to be 15:1 for chironomids and 35:1 for tubificids.Key words: nitrogen release, benthic invertebrates, chironomids, tubificids, ammonium excretion, amino acid release

scholarly journals Effects of cyanobacterial-driven pH increases on sediment nutrient fluxes and coupled nitrification-denitrification in a shallow fresh water estuary

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1161-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Gao ◽  
J. C. Cornwell ◽  
D. K. Stoecker ◽  
M. S. Owens
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Ph Effects ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
High Ph ◽  
Total Ammonium ◽  
Ph Elevation

Abstract. Summer cyanobacterial blooms caused an elevation in pH (9 to ~10.5) that lasted for weeks in the shallow and tidal-fresh region of the Sassafras River, a tributary of Chesapeake Bay (USA). Elevated pH promoted desorption of sedimentary inorganic phosphorus and facilitated conversion of ammonium (NH4+) to ammonia (NH3). In this study, we investigated pH effects on exchangeable NH4+ desorption, nutrient pore water diffusion and flux rates of NH4+, soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), nitrate (NO3–), nitrification, denitrification, and oxygen consumption. pH elevation enhanced the desorption of exchangeable NH4+ because of NH3 formation from both pore water and adsorbed NH4+ pools. Progressive penetration of high pH from the overlying water into sediment promoted the release of SRP and total ammonium (NH4+ and NH3) into pore water. At elevated pH, high sediment-water effluxes of SRP and total ammonium were associated with reduction in nitrification, denitrification and oxygen consumption rates. Alkaline pH and the toxicity of NH3 may inhibit nitrification in the thin aerobic zone, simultaneously constraining coupled nitrification-denitrification with limited NO3– supply and high pH penetration into the anaerobic zone. Geochemical feedbacks to pH elevation, such as enhancement of dissolved nutrient effluxes and reduction in N2 loss via denitrification, may be responsible for the persistence of cyanobacterial blooms in shallow water ecosystems.

scholarly journals Preparation and application of an innovative integrated agent product for phosphorus control and oxygen release

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhikang Zhou ◽  
Yulong Liu ◽  
Xiaogang Gu ◽  
Chaoxiang Yang ◽  
Shuguang Lyu
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
River Water ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Aluminum Phosphate ◽  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
Oxygen Release ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
Dissolved Phosphorus

Abstract In this study, an oxygen-releasing and phosphorus-controlling agent (ORPC) consisting of calcium peroxide (CaO2), bentonite, cement, stearic acid (SA), citric acid (CA) and fine sand was synthesized successfully and used to purify rich-phosphorus river water. The removal of phosphorus using ORPC was studied in actual river water and the results found that over 75.0% phosphorus was removed by adding ORPC at 30 mL h−1 flow rate in the initial phosphorus concentrations of 0.76 mg L−1. The ORPC was further used to evaluate the changes of aluminum phosphate (Al-P), ferric phosphate (Fe-P) and calcium phosphate (Ca-P) in sediment. Fe-P, Al-P, and Ca-P in the sediment increased from 0.14, 0.196, and 1.63 mg g−1 to 0.159, 0.372, and 2.74 mg g−1 respectively within 28 days, indicating that the total dissolved phosphorus in the overlying water could be adsorbed by ORPC and further transformed into Al-P, Ca-P, and Fe-P in the sediment, thus inhibiting the release of endogenous phosphorus in sediment to water. Besides, the performance of ORPC with various contents of SA and CaO2 was investigated. In summary, ORPC can be employed to adsorb phosphorus in water and prevent phosphorus release from sediment, therefore achieving the purpose of controlling phosphorus and maintaining DO at a reasonable level.

scholarly journals Sediment phosphorus release sustains nuisance periphyton growth when nitrogen is not limiting

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley J. Austin ◽  
Violet Eagle ◽  
Michelle A. Evans-White ◽  
J. Thad Scott ◽  
Brian E. Haggard
Keyword(s):  
Algal Growth ◽  
Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
Illinois River ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Dissolved Nitrogen ◽  
P Flux ◽  
Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Sediment Phosphorus Release

Nuisance periphyton growth influences the aesthetics, recreation, and aquatic life of waterbodies. Partners Lake is a shallow spring-fed lake in the headwaters of the Illinois River Watershed in Cave Springs, Arkansas, that experiences nuisance growth of periphyton (i.e., Spirogyra spp.) each year. The ratio of dissolved nitrogen (N ~5.0 mg L-1) and phosphorus (P ~0.030 mg L-1) in the lake water (N:P≥288), as well as nutrient limitation assays, suggests that periphyton growth should be P-limited. While the water column lacks sufficient P to promote growth, the sediments have the ability to release P to the overlying water; P-flux ranged from 1.63 mg m-2 d-1 to over 10 mg m-2 d-1, reaching final concentrations of 0.08 to 0.34 mg L-1. However, soluble reactive phosphorus concentrations were consistently at or below 0.030 mg L-1, in the lake, suggesting that the periphyton were likely immobilizing P as quickly as it was released from the sediments. In the lab, maximal periphyton growth (~30 to 35 mg m-2) occurred in the 0.10 to 0.25 mg L-1 P treatments, over a 6 day incubation period. Similar levels of growth occurred when lake sediments were the P source, suggesting P released from the sediments is sufficient to support nuisance algal growth. We need to begin managing the legacy P stored in the sediments, in addition to external P loads, because internal P can sustain nuisance periphyton biomass when N is not limiting.

Estimation of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Release Rates at Sediment-Water Interface of Nansi Lake, China

2012 ◽  
Vol 573-574 ◽  
pp. 573-577
Author(s):  
Bao Li ◽  
Zhi Qi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water Body ◽  
Lake Restoration ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
Nansi Lake ◽  
Release Rates ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Overlying Water

At present, Nansi Lake restoration is maily focused on reducing extraneous pollution, however, it is unclear about the endogenous pollution. In this study, twelve intact sediment cores were collected from four sub-lakes (Nanyang Lake, Dushan Lake, Zhaoyang Lake and Weishan Lake) in Nansi Lake, and the fluxes of NH4+-N, PO43--P, NO3--N, TN and TP at sediment-water interface were calculated based on static incubation of sediment cores with a laboratory-scale benthic chamber. The incubation results showed fluxes of PO43--P, NO3--N, TN and TP in Nanyang Lake were the highest and as follows: 2.73, 7.55, 44.43 and 3.06 mg/m2.d, respectivly, and the flux of NH4+-N in Nanyang Lake, Dushan Lake and Zhaoyang Lake had little difference ranged from 8.99 to 10.19 mg/m2.d. This study indicated that during the sampling period sediment acted as a source of nitrogen as well as phosphorus to the overlying water body in Nansi Lake.

Prediction of Phosphorus Release Rates from Total and Reductant-Soluble Phosphorus in Anoxic Lake Sediments

1988 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gertrud K. Nürnberg
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Release Rates ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
Core Tube ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Soluble P ◽  
Total Sediment ◽  
Total P

Release rates of phosphorus from anoxic sediment surfaces in seven North American lakes were determined from core tube incubations. These rates were compared with several P fractions within the 0–5 and 5–10 cm layers of the corresponding sediment. Regressions of release rates both on total sediment P and on reductant-soluble P were highly significant. Analysis of literature data from lakes worldwide also showed significant relationships between the release rates and total sediment P and citrate dithionite bicarbonate extractable P. Mass balance calculations for individual cores indicated that reductant-soluble P decreases in wet surficial sediments, while total P in the overlying water increases. The release rates of different P fractions in the water — total, soluble reactive, and total reactive P — were very similar, indicating the high biological availability of the released P.

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal Variation in Nutrient Profiles and Exchange Fluxes at the Sediment-Water Interface in Yuqiao Reservoir, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (17) ◽  
pp. 3071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen ◽  
Wu ◽  
Yang ◽  
Jiang ◽  
Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Pore Water ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Eutrophic Lakes ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
Total N ◽  
Yuqiao Reservoir ◽  
Nutrient Profiles ◽  
Main Component

Nutrients released from sediments have a significant influence on the water quality in eutrophic lakes and reservoirs. To clarify the internal nutrient load and provide reference for eutrophication control in Yuqiao Reservoir, a drinking water source reservoir in China, pore water profiles and sediment core incubation experiments were conducted. The nutrients in the water (soluble reactive P (SRP), nitrate-N (NO3−-N), nitrite-N (NO2−-N), and ammonium-N (NH4+-N)) and in the sediments (total N (TN), total P (TP) and total organic carbon (TOC)) were quantified. The results show that NH4+-N was the main component of inorganic N in the pore water. NH4+-N and SRP were higher in the pore water than in the overlying water, and the concentration gradient indicated a diffusion potential from the sediment to the overlying water. The NH4+-N, NO3−-N, and SRP fluxes showed significant differences amongst the seasons. The NH4+-N and SRP fluxes were significantly higher in the summer than in other seasons, while NO3−-N was higher in the autumn. The sediment generally acted as a source of NH4+-N and SRP and as a sink for NO3−-N and NO2−-N. The sediments release 1133.15 and 92.46 tons of N and P, respectively, to the overlying water each year.

scholarly journals Hydrochemistry of sediment pore water in the Bratsk reservoir (Baikal region, Russia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Poletaeva ◽  
E. N. Tirskikh ◽  
M. V. Pastukhov
Keyword(s):  
Pore Water ◽  
Ionic Composition ◽  
Water System ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Pore Waters ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
Major Ion ◽  
Bratsk Reservoir

AbstractThis study aimed to identify the factors responsible for the major ion composition of pore water from the bottom sediments of the Bratsk water reservoir, which is part of the largest freshwater Baikal-Angara water system. In the Bratsk reservoir, the overlying water was characterized as HCO3–Ca–Mg type with the mineralization ranging between 101.2 and 127.7 mg L−1 and pore water was characterized as HCO3–SO4–Ca, SO4–Cl–Ca–Mg and mixed water types, which had mineralization varying from 165.9 to 4608.1 mg L−1. The ionic composition of pore waters varied both along the sediment depth profile and across the water area. In pore water, the difference between the highest and lowest values was remarkably large: 5.1 times for K+, 13 times for Mg2+, 16 times for HCO3−, 20 times for Ca2+, 23 times for Na+, 80 times for SO42−, 105 times for Cl−. Such variability at different sites of the reservoir was due to the interrelation between major ion concentrations in the pore water and environmental parameters. The major factor responsible for pore water chemistry was the dissolution of sediment-forming material coming from various geochemical provinces. In the south part of the reservoir, Cl−, Na+ and SO42− concentrations may significantly increase in pore water due to the effect of subaqueous flow of highly mineralized groundwater.

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