Predicting the Vertical Distribution of Fish Populations: Analysis of Cisco, Coregonus artedii, and Yellow Perch, Perca flavescens

1985 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1178-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars G. Rudstam ◽  
John J. Magnuson
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Fish Population ◽  
Lake Mendota ◽  
Vertical Distributions ◽  
Preferred Temperatures ◽  
Coregonus Artedii ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

We develop a model based on fish behavior in temperature and oxygen gradients that yields quantitative predictions of the vertical distribution of a fish population throughout the water column. The model was tested against observed vertical distributions of cisco, Coregonus artedii, and yellow perch, Perca flavescens, in 1981 and 1982 from five Wisconsin lakes. In some cases, the model seemed adequate for cisco, but in most cases, they occupied a temperature lower than their final preferendum. Occupation of lower temperature is consistent with a response to less than ad libitum food rations expected in these oligotrophy to mesotrophic lakes. In Lake Mendota, which is eutrophic with an anaerobic hypolimnion, cisco occupied temperatures higher than predicted by the model. For perch distributions, avoidance of high light intensities appears important. We did not observe effects of interspecific segregation between cisco and perch in their vertical distributions beyond that expected from differences in their preferred temperatures. Deviations of actual distributions from predictions of our relatively simplistic two-factor model can be used to help identify and evaluate other important physical and biotic factors influencing vertical distributions.

Vertical and Horizontal Distributions of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens), and Cisco (Coregonus artedii) in Pallette Lake, Wisconsin

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 2710-2715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandy Engel ◽  
John J. Magnuson
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Vertical Separation ◽  
Sunset Yellow ◽  
Coregonus Artedii ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), stocked in Pallette Lake, Wisconsin, remained inshore in April and early May, moved offshore in late May and June, and returned to shore in October. From June to September the vertical distribution of offshore coho salmon overlapped that of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) and cisco (Coregonus artedii). Yellow perch were gillnetted mainly in epilimnetic water of 16–22 C; coho salmon and cisco were mostly caught in metalimnetic water of 12–17 and 8–12 C, respectively. Vertical separation broke down during other months of the year.From June to September diel, horizontal movements were found for yellow perch within the epilimnion and for cisco within the metalimnion. Yellow perch moved offshore around sunrise and onshore around sunset; cisco moved toward shore around sunrise and away from shore around sunset. Yellow perch were mainly active during the day and cisco at night. Perch and Cisco were, therefore, largely temporally and spatially segregated from each other but not from coho salmon.

Diel Activity and Vertical Distribution of Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens) Under the Ice

1966 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary L. Hergenrader ◽  
Arthur D. Hasler
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Activity Pattern ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Depth Distribution ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Diel Activity ◽  
Limited Extent ◽  
Diel Pattern ◽  
Lake Mendota ◽  
Individual Fish

Use of echo sounders showed that, under the ice in Lake Mendota, yellow perch (Perca flavescens Mitchill) have a bimodal diel pattern of activity. The first peak of activity, during midmorning, was much higher than the second, in midafternoon. Schools of fish in mid water made up the bulk of the fish traces per hour although individual fish were also commonly recorded. At night, when activity was much reduced, principally single fish were observed. The fish swam much more slowly at night than during the day.The activity pattern generally agreed with those reported by investigators for other lakes in that the perch were active during the day and relatively inactive at night.No well-defined change in depth distribution was noted. There was a tendency for the fish to move away from the bottom to a limited extent at night but no marked movement was recorded. The majority of fish were most often recorded at a depth of 30–60 ft (9–18 m), the main concentrations being in areas of the lake more than 50 ft (15 m) deep.

Behavioral thermoregulation and locomotor activity of Perca flavescens

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 2239-2242 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Wallace Reynolds ◽  
Martha Elizabeth Casterlin
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Local Minimum ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Behavioral Thermoregulation ◽  
Major Peak ◽  
Nocturnal Activity ◽  
Preferred Temperature ◽  
Preferred Temperatures ◽  
The Relationship

Ten yearling yellow perch (Perca flavescens) were tested individually for 3-day periods in electronic shuttleboxes to determine their diel patterns of behavioral thermoregulation and of locomotor activity relative to a natural April photoperiod, and to determine the relationship between preferred temperatures and activity. The perch exhibited a diel rhythm of preferred temperature, with a predawn minimum of 16.7 °C and a dusk maximum of 23.8 °C. The 24-h mean was 20.2 °C; the diurnal mean was 21.5 °C and the nocturnal mean was 18.5 °C. Locomotor activity (quantified as mean photocell-monitored light-beam interruptions per hour) was crepuscular, with a major peak (25 units/h) at dusk, and a smaller peak (14.4 units/h) at dawn. Nocturnal activity was slightly greater (5.3 units/h) than diurnal activity (4.4 units/h). Locomotor activity relative to temperature exhibited a local minimum (0.4–6.2 units/h) at 22.2 °C.

Precision Micrometer Measurement of Mouth Gape of Larval Fish

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 1786-1791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T. Arts ◽  
D. O. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Larval Fish ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Data Capture ◽  
Coregonus Clupeaformis ◽  
Manual Method ◽  
Direct Data ◽  
Coregonus Artedii ◽  
Lake Herring

A precision micrometer device is described which standardizes measurement of mouth gape of larval fish and provides a greater degree of accuracy and speed than the conventional manual method. We compared gape measurements of larval lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) and lake herring (Coregonus artedii) using the gape micrometer versus the manual method. The micrometer measurements revealed a greater increase in gape with body length and resulted in a greater proportion of the variance in gape being explained, indicating that the gape micrometer is more sensitive and accurate than the manual method. Coefficient of variation of gape measurements on 238 larval yellow perch (Perca flavescens) decreased with body size from 0.5–4.0% at 0.8–1.2 cm standard length to 0.2–0.5% at 3.0 cm. The device has the added advantage that it could be adapted to connect to a microcomputer for direct data capture.

Vertical Distributions in Number of Soil Microorganism with Caragana in the Hobq of Inner Mongolia

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 3581-3585
Author(s):  
Xiao Tong Wu ◽  
Ya Ting Dai ◽  
Yu Qin Shao ◽  
Jia Yin Lu ◽  
Miao Miao Hou
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Soil Microorganism ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Vertical Distributions ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

The study investigated the vertical distribution of soil microorganism on Caragana rhizosphere at Hobq of ORDOS. The result showed that microbial vertical distribution was obvious. The order of vertical distribution in number of aerobic bacteria were 0-10cm>20-30cm>10-20cm>30-40cm, and there were significant differences between microorganisms in 0-10cm, 10-20cm and 30-40cm underground; the number of aerobic bacteria in 0-10cm underground was higher than 10-20cm, 20-30cm and 30-40cm by 1.48,1.41 and 1.86. The order of vertical distribution in number of fungi were 0-10cm>10-20cm>20-30cm>30-40cm, and there were significant differences between 0-10 cm and 20-30cm、30-40cm, and between 10-20 cm and 20-30cm、30-40cm. the number of fungi in 0-10cm underground was higher than 10-20cm, 20-30cm and 30-40cm by 1.01, 3.60 and 5.37. The order of vertical distribution in number of Actinomycetes was 0-10cm>10-20cm>20-30cm>30-40cm, and the differences between 0-10 cm and 10-20cm, 20-30cm, 30-40cm were significant; the number of Actinomycetes in 0-10cm underground was higher than 10-20cm, 20-30cm and 30-40cm by 1.54,1.66 and 2.60. The distribution and quantity of soil microorganisms might be influenced by organic matter contents.

scholarly journals Size-Fractionated Filtration Combined with Molecular Methods Reveals the Size and Diversity of Picophytoplankton

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1280
Author(s):  
Xinze Shuwang ◽  
Jun Sun ◽  
Yuqiu Wei ◽  
Congcong Guo
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Hypervariable Region ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Euphotic Zone ◽  
Vertical Distributions ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

In this study, flow cytometry (FCM) and size-fractionated filtration, together with high-throughput molecular sequencing methods (SM), were used to investigate picophytoplankton. A particle separation filter and a higher-throughput sequencing method were used to evaluate the composition of a euphotic zone of picophytoplankton—especially picoeukaryotic phytoplankton—in the Western Pacific, and the results of flow cytometry, which is a classic way to detect picophytoplankton, were used as a standard to evaluate the reliability of the results of the SMs. Within a water column of 200 m, six water depths (5, 25, 50, 113 (DCM), 150, and 200 m) were established. In order to further study the particle size spectra of the picophytoplankton, size-fractionated filtration was used to separate water samples from each water depth into three particle size ranges: 0.2–0.6, 0.6–1.2, and 1.2–2 μm. A total of 36 (6 × 3 × 2) samples were obtained through PCR amplification of the 18S rRNA V4 hypervariable region and 16S rRNA, which were biased toward phytoplankton plastids, and then high-throughput sequencing was performed. The estimation of the picophytoplankton diameter relied on forward scattering (FSC) through FCM. The estimation of the vertical distribution and diameter of the picophytoplankton using the SM was consistent with the results with FCM; thus, we believe that the estimation of picophytoplankton composition with the SM has value as a reference, although the size-fractionated filtration seemed to cause some deviations. In addition to Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus, the SM was used to evaluate the composition of picoeukaryotic phytoplankton, which mainly included Prymnesiophycea (Haptophyta) (38.15%), Cryptophyceae (Cryptophyta) (22.36%), Dictyochophyceae (Chrysophyta) (12.22%), and Mamiellophyceae (Chlorophyta) (3.31%). In addition, the SM also detected Dinophyceae (Dinoflagellata) (11.69%) sequences and a small number of Bacillariophyceae (Diatom) (1.64%) sequences, which are generally considered to have large particle sizes. The results of the SM also showed that the picoeukaryotic phytoplankton were not evenly distributed in the euphotic layer, and the vertical distributions of the different picoeukaryotic phytoplankton were different. An analysis of correlations with environmental factors showed that temperature was the main environmental factor controlling the vertical distribution of picophytoplankton.

scholarly journals Application of Number-Size (N-S) Fractal Model to Quantify of the Vertical Distributions of Cu and Mo in Nowchun Porphyry Deposit (Kerman, Se Iran) / Zastosowanie modelu fraktalnego n-s (liczba-rozmiar) do ilościowego określenia pionowego rozkładu Cu i Mo w złożu porfirowym (Kerman, Iran)

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Daneshvar Saein ◽  
Iraj Rasa ◽  
Nematolah Rashidnejad Omran ◽  
Parviz Moarefvand ◽  
Peyman Afzal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Mineral Exploration ◽  
Fractal Model ◽  
Skewed Distribution ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Multimodal Distribution ◽  
Porphyry Deposit ◽  
Vertical Distributions ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

Determination of the vertical distribution of geochemical elemental concentrations is of fundamental importance in mineral exploration. In this paper, eight mineralized boreholes from the Nowchun Cu-Mo porphyry deposit, SE Iran, were used to identify of the vertical distribution directional properties of Cu and Mo values using number-size (N-S) fractal model. The vertical distributions of Cu and Mo in the mineralized boreholes show a positively skewed distribution in the former and a multimodal distribution in the latter types. Elemental threshold values for the mineralized boreholes were computed by fractal model and compared with the statistical methods based on the data obtained from chemical analysis of samples. Elemental distributions are not normal in these boreholes and their median equal to Cu and Mo thresholds. The results of N-S fractal analysis reveal that Cu and Mo values in mineralized boreholes are multifractals in nature. There are at least three geochemical populations for Cu and Mo in the boreholes and Cu and Mo thresholds have ranges between 0.07%-0.3% and 50-200 ppm, respectively. The results obtained by N-S fractal model were compared with geological observations in the boreholes. Major Cu and Mo enrichment correlated by monzonitic rocks and high amounts of observed Cu and Mo ores (Chalcopyrite and molybdenite) in the boreholes.

SPIDERS (ARANEAE) IN CORN FIELDS IN QUEBEC

1988 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Provencher ◽  
Daniel Coderre ◽  
Charles D. Dondale
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Spider Species ◽  
Vertical Distributions ◽  
Corn Fields ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
Web Building ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine spider species composition and their temporal and vertical distributions in corn in southern Quebec. We sampled 30 corn plants weekly for 12 weeks from 9 July to 23 September in 1985. We found nine families, 14 genera, and 12 identifiable species. Web-building spiders were more abundant than hunting spiders. The dominant species was Tetragnatha laboriosa Hentz (Tetragnathidae). Web-builders were generally found under the ear of the plant, whereas the vertical distribution of hunting spiders was more even.

Diel vertical distribution of fish larvae during the winter-mixing period in the Northwestern Mediterranean

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 1243-1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sabatés
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Fish Larvae ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Diel Variation ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Light Levels ◽  
Vertical Distributions ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

Abstract The vertical distributions of the larvae of shelf and oceanic fish species that spawn during the winter-mixing period in the Mediterranean are described from 22 vertically stratified plankton tows. Diel differences in the vertical distribution patterns in relation to physical data and potential prey abundance throughout the water column were examined. Even in absence of stratification, the larvae of the various fish species showed different patterns of vertical distribution and diel changes. The larvae of shelf-dwelling species were found in the surface layers, mainly above 50-m depth, and with some exceptions, with very little diel variation in depth distribution. Therefore, the vertical distribution of the larvae of these species coincided with the maximum concentrations of their potential food, nauplii and copepodite stages of copepods. The larvae of mesopelagic fishes showed deeper distributions in the water column and most of these species were located closer to the surface during the day than at night. Given the homogeneity of the physical characteristics throughout the water column, except for light, this behaviour may be determined not only by the higher concentration of prey in the surface layers but also by adequate light levels for feeding.

Observations on the Vertical Distribution of the Genus Acanthephyra (Crustacea: Decapoda) in the eastern North Atlantic, with particular reference to Species of the ‘purpurea’ Group.

1972 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 301-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Foxton
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
The North ◽  
Mesopelagic Zone ◽  
Vertical Distributions ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Eastern North Atlantic ◽  
The Vertical Distribution ◽  
Mesopelagic Species

SynopsisThe vertical distribution of pelagic decapods has been investigated at six positions, each located approximately at 10° interval of latitude between 11°N and 60°N in the eastern North Atlantic. An account of the day and night depth distribution of four mesopelagic species, Acanthephyra purpurea, A. pelagica, A. sexspinosa and A. acanthitelsonis, and four bathypelagic species, A. prionota, A. curtirostris, A. acutifrons and A. stylorostratis, is presented. The four mesopelagic species have vertical distributions which vary latitudinally in association with geographical gradients in temperature, the mesopelagic zone from about the latitude of 28°N cooling both polewards and equatorwards. It is concluded that environmental temperature is a major factor in controlling the vertical ranges of these species although other physical variables, principally light, must also be involved.A faunal boundary exists in the region of 18°N, where the North Atlantic species A. purpurea and A.pelagica are replaced by the Central and South Atlantic species A. sexspinosa and A. acanthitelsonis. The nature of the physical boundary is not clear, but it is tentatively proposed that it represents a relatively broad area where the North Atlantic Central Water and South Atlantic Central Water meet.

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