Energy Flow Between the Pelagic and Benthic Zones: Factors Controlling Particulate Organic Matter Available to an Intertidal Mussel Bed

1985 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1158-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Fréchette ◽  
Edwin Bourget
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Wave Amplitude ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Tidal Energy ◽  
Mussel Bed ◽  
Tidal Cycles ◽  
Intertidal Mussel

Fluctuations and vertical gradients of particulate organic matter (POM, as indicated by chlorophyll a and phaeopigments) concentration over an intertidal mussel bed were studied over fortnightly tidal cycles. Chlorophyll a variations were not associated with wave amplitude, tidal energy, and sigma-t, and phaeopigment concentration was correlated positively with wave amplitude only. Comparison of total pigment concentration in water pumped simultaneously from within 5 cm and from 50 cm above the mussel bed showed significant depletion of POM nearest to the mussel bed throughout the first of the two fortnightly tidal cycles studied. During this period, POM depletion was negatively correlated with current speed, but not with mussel filtration rate, nor with wave energy. During the other period, POM depletion was significant in three of the six semidiurnal tidal cycles studied, and depletion was negatively correlated with wave energy only. Our data indicate that food is often depleted immediately above mussel populations, and that water movement is critical in determining food availability for suspension feeders.

Living benthic foraminifera of Santos continental shelf, southeastern Brazilian continental margin (SW Atlantic): chlorophyll-a and particulate organic matter approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cintia Yamashita ◽  
Cláudia Omachi ◽  
Ana Cláudia Aoki Santarosa ◽  
Fabiane Sayuri Iwai ◽  
Beatriz Dias Araujo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Continental Margin ◽  
Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Sw Atlantic

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF RAINFALL ON PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN WASHOUTS ON THE COAST OF PARANÁ STATE, BRAZIL

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Hedda Elisabeth Kolm
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Particulate Material ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Suspended Particulate Material

Reduction in precipitation, and consequently fresh water, can affect the food loop and the time necessary for an increase in nutrients and contaminants in coastal and estuarine ecosystems. The combined effect of human development and reduction in river flow can degrade water quality, negatively affecting the fishery and human health. The objective of the present research was the study of the water quality (temperature, salinity, alkalinity, carbon dioxide, dissolved oxygen, phosphate, silicate, nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, humic substances, suspended particulate material, particulate organic matter, chlorophyll-a, total coliforms and Escherichia coli), of two washouts (Barranco and Olho d’Água) located in the municipality of Pontal do Paraná (Pontal do Paraná, Brazil), comparing them in periods of lower and higher rainfall. The results showed that during the rainy period, there was an increase in nitrite, suspended particulate material, particulate organic matter, and a decrease in nitrate and chlorophyll-a in the two washouts. An increase in phosphate, ammonium and humic substances were only observed in Barranco; whereas an increase in dissolved oxygen and E. coli were only observed in Olho d’Água. These results showed that larger quantities of nutrients are exported to the adjacent continental shelf in high rainfall periods. 

Relating particulate organic matter-nitrogen (POM-N) and non-POM-N with pulse crop residues, residue management and cereal N uptake

Agronomie ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 777-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme D. Schwenke ◽  
Warwick L. Felton ◽  
David F. Herridge ◽  
Dil F. Khan ◽  
Mark B. Peoples
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Pulse Crop

Macrophyte-derived detritus in shallow coastal waters contributes to suspended particulate organic matter and increases growth rates of Mytilus edulis

2020 ◽  
Vol 644 ◽  
pp. 91-103
Author(s):  
D Bearham ◽  
MA Vanderklift ◽  
RA Downie ◽  
DP Thomson ◽  
LA Clementson
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Mytilus Edulis ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Gill Tissue ◽  
Suspension Feeder ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Suspension Feeders ◽  
Blue Mussels ◽  
Suspended Particulate

Benthic suspension feeders, such as bivalves, potentially have several different food sources, including plankton and resuspended detritus of benthic origin. We hypothesised that suspension feeders are likely to feed on detritus if it is present. This inference would be further strengthened if there was a correlation between δ13C of suspension feeder tissue and δ13C of particulate organic matter (POM). Since detritus is characterised by high particulate organic matter (POC):chl a ratios, we would also predict a positive correlation between POM δ13C and POC:chl a. We hypothesised that increasing depth and greater distance from shore would produce a greater nutritional reliance by experimentally transplanted blue mussels Mytilus edulis on plankton rather than macrophyte-derived detritus. After deployments of 3 mo duration in 2 different years at depths from 3 to 40 m, M. edulis sizes were positively correlated with POM concentrations. POC:chl a ratios and δ13C of POM and M. edulis gill tissue decreased with increasing depth (and greater distance from shore). δ13C of POM was correlated with δ13C of M. edulis. Our results suggest that detritus comprised a large proportion of POM at shallow depths (<15 m), that M. edulis ingested and assimilated carbon in proportion to its availability in POM, and that growth of M. edulis was higher where detritus was present and POM concentrations were higher.

Hydrolysis of organic wastewater particles in laboratory scale and pilot scale biofilm reactors under anoxic and aerobic conditions

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 179-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. F. Janning ◽  
X. Le Tallec ◽  
P. Harremoës
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Aerobic Conditions ◽  
Biofilm Reactors ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Hydrolysis and degradation of particulate organic matter has been isolated and investigated in laboratory scale and pilot scale biofilters. Wastewater was supplied to biofilm reactors in order to accumulate particulates from wastewater in the filter. When synthetic wastewater with no organic matter was supplied to the reactors, hydrolysis of the particulates was the only process occurring. Results from the laboratory scale experiments under aerobic conditions with pre-settled wastewater show that the initial removal rate is high: rV, O2 = 2.1 kg O2/(m3 d) though fast declining towards a much slower rate. A mass balance of carbon (TOC/TIC) shows that only 10% of the accumulated TOC was transformed to TIC during the 12 hour long experiment. The pilot scale hydrolysis experiment was performed in a new type of biofilm reactor - the B2A® biofilter that is characterised by a series of decreasing sized granular media (80-2.5 mm). When hydrolysis experiments were performed on the anoxic pilot biofilter with pre-screened wastewater particulates as carbon source, a rapid (rV, NO3=0.7 kg NO3-N/(m3 d)) and a slowler (rV, NO3 = 0.3 kg NO3-N/(m3 d)) removal rate were observed at an oxygen concentration of 3.5 mg O2/l. It was found that the pilot biofilter could retain significant amounts of particulate organic matter, reducing the porosity of the filter media of an average from 0.35 to 0.11. A mass balance of carbon shows that up to 40% of the total incoming TOC accumulates in the filter at high flow rates. Only up to 15% of the accumulated TOC was transformed to TIC during the 24 hour long experiment.

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