Postglacial Dispersal of Freshwater Fishes in the Québec Peninsula

1984 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 1781-1802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Legendre ◽  
Vianney Legendre
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Spatial Constraint ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Presence And Absence ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Intermediate Linkage ◽  
Fish Dispersal

The possible postglacial dispersal of freshwater fishes in the Québec peninsula is described. We tested the hypothesis that fish dispersal was controlled more efficiently by movements of the earth crust and by morphological peculiarities of the peninsula than by upland divides presently found between river basins. Based on the actual distributions of 109 species of freshwater fishes, the presence and absence of these species was noted for each of 289 one-degree-square pixels of the peninsula. A geographical intermediate-linkage clustering was run with a spatial constraint, that is, only neighbouring pixels were allowed to cluster. Five main ichthyogeographic regions and 21 subregions were thus defined. The regional limits seem to be highly correlated with climatic, vegetational, and geomorphological limits or gradients. Knowing the fish species present in each subregion made it possible to deduce their pattern of postglacial dispersal, after computing a coefficient of dispersal direction between neighbouring subregions. The pattern of fish dispersal so derived assumes that the stenohaline species have crossed the centre of the peninsula. This can be explained by the isobasic movements since the end of the Wisconsin Ice Age, and also by a network of river headwater interconnections still extant today.

scholarly journals Drainage network position and historical connectivity explain global patterns in freshwater fishes’ range size

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (27) ◽  
pp. 13434-13439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Carvajal-Quintero ◽  
Fabricio Villalobos ◽  
Thierry Oberdorff ◽  
Gaël Grenouillet ◽  
Sébastien Brosse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Range Size ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Freshwater Biodiversity ◽  
Geographic Range Size

Identifying the drivers and processes that determine globally the geographic range size of species is crucial to understanding the geographic distribution of biodiversity and further predicting the response of species to current global changes. However, these drivers and processes are still poorly understood, and no ecological explanation has emerged yet as preponderant in explaining the extent of species’ geographical range. Here, we identify the main drivers of the geographic range size variation in freshwater fishes at global and biogeographic scales and determine how these drivers affect range size both directly and indirectly. We tested the main hypotheses already proposed to explain range size variation, using geographic ranges of 8,147 strictly freshwater fish species (i.e., 63% of all known species). We found that, contrary to terrestrial organisms, for which climate and topography seem preponderant in determining species’ range size, the geographic range sizes of freshwater fishes are mostly explained by the species’ position within the river network, and by the historical connection among river basins during Quaternary low-sea-level periods. Large-ranged fish species inhabit preferentially lowland areas of river basins, where hydrological connectivity is the highest, and also are found in river basins that were historically connected. The disproportionately high explanatory power of these two drivers suggests that connectivity is the key component of riverine fish geographic range sizes, independent of any other potential driver, and indicates that the accelerated rates in river fragmentation might strongly affect fish species distribution and freshwater biodiversity.

LITTLE ICE AGE IN THE EARTH HISTORY AND ITS POSSIBLE REASONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-12
Author(s):  
Valeriy Fedorov ◽  
Denis Frolov
Keyword(s):  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Earth History ◽  
The Earth

scholarly journals Metabolic Profiling of Fish Meat by GC-MS Analysis, and Correlations with Taste Attributes Obtained Using an Electronic Tongue

Metabolites ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryota Mabuchi ◽  
Ayaka Ishimaru ◽  
Mao Tanaka ◽  
Osamu Kawaguchi ◽  
Shota Tanimoto
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Metabolic Profiling ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Electronic Tongue ◽  
Metabolomic Analysis ◽  
Fish Meat ◽  
Ordinary Muscle ◽  
Good Taste ◽  
Highly Correlated

To evaluate the taste of ordinary muscle from white-fleshed fish, we used GC-MS metabolomic analysis to characterise the compounds therein, and correlated the obtained data with taste measurements from an electronic tongue. Prediction models using orthogonal partial least squares were produced for different taste attributes, and the primary metabolic components correlated with the taste attributes were identified. Clear differences were observed in the component profiles for different fish species. Using an electronic tongue, differences in tastes were noted among the fish species in terms of sourness, acidic bitterness, umami and saltiness. The obtained correlations allowed the construction of good taste prediction models, especially for sourness, acidic bitterness and saltiness. Compounds such as phosphoric acid, lactic acid and creatinine were found to be highly correlated with some taste attributes. Phosphoric acid in particular showed the highest variable important for prediction (VIP) scores in many of the taste prediction models, and it is therefore a candidate marker to evaluate the tastes of white-fleshed fish.

scholarly journals Diversity of Bacteria and Fungi Associated with Freshwater Fishes from Mijawal River, Nasarawa, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1085-2020
Author(s):  
K.M. Adamu ◽  
H. Muhammad ◽  
S.U. Ahmad ◽  
M.M. Ahmad ◽  
A.M. Yakubu
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Tilapia Zillii ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Rhizopus Sp ◽  
Mormyrus Rume

Understudying the presence of bacteria and fungi population on freshwater fishes, provides the knowledge and understanding of their diversity and potential roles they may play in the health of the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. The present study was conducted to evaluate the diversity of bacteria and fungi species of identified fish samples from River Mijawal, Nasarawa State. The fishes were sampled from the only landing for three months (October to December, 2019) for this study. During the sampling periods, thirteen (13) different fish species were identified; they were  swabbed with sterilized swab stick from the skin surface for bacteria and fungi identification. The Dominant fish species were Tilapia zillii, Labeo senegalensis, Mormyrus rume and Mormyrus tapines. The total number of thirteen (13) bacterial and five (5) fungi species were isolated and  identified. Eight (8) of the bacteria isolates, were gram negative bacteria (Pseudomonas sp, Aeromonas sp, Serratia mercescenes, Proteus sp, Salmonella spp, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp, and Enterobacter sp.); whilst the other five (5) were gram positive bacteria (Bacillus sp, Micrococcus sp, Staphylococcus sp, Enterococcus sp and Listeria monocytogenes).The five isolated fungi species were Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus sp, Penicillium  sp, Trichoderma viridae and Geotrichum candidum. The frequency of occurrence of the isolated bacteria indicated that Staphylococcus sp had the highest frequency of occurrence (16.67%) while Serratia mercescens had the least occurrence (2.78%). The highest number of occurrence of the isolated fungi species was observed in Rhizopus sp while the least was recorded in Geotricum candidum. It was observed that Tilapia zillii and  Mormyrus rume had the most frequent bacteria and fungi isolates. It can therefore be deduced from the results that fish samples identified from River Mijawal has high bacteria and fungi diversity that may be pathogenic to man. The occurrence of these microbes may be attributed of human  and animal faeces in the River  Keywords: Freshwater fishes, Microbes, River Mijawal, Nasarawa  

scholarly journals A review of length-weight relationships of freshwater fishes in Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amonodin Mohamad Radhi ◽  
Mohd-Fadzil Nurul Fazlinda ◽  
Mohammad Noor Azmai Amal ◽  
Hashim Rohasliney
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Clarias Batrachus ◽  
Ecological Health ◽  
Allometric Growth ◽  
Freshwater Fish Species

Abstract This manuscript reviews the length-weight relationships (LWRs) of freshwater fishes in Malaysia. A total of 102 LWRs of fishes gathered from literature pertaining to 64 freshwater fish species were analysed. A meta-analysis from 13 previous reports showed that the b values was ranged from 2.19 (Clarias batrachus) to 4.106 (Barbodes binotatus). Out of 64 observed species, 47 species (11 families) experienced positive allometric growth, while another 23 species (eight families) and 31 species (12 families) were recorded under isometric and negative allometric growth, respectively. The fish LWRs observed can be used as an indicator of environmental changes and fish ecological health for freshwater fishes in Malaysia.

Acceptance

2021 ◽  
pp. 186-222
Author(s):  
Clive Gamble
Keyword(s):  
Stone Tools ◽  
Elliptical Orbit ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Stone Age ◽  
Evolutionary Pathway ◽  
Career Changes ◽  
The Earth ◽  
New Space ◽  
Guided Tour

By the end of the decade the time revolution was a done deal. Moulin-Quignon still reverberated, but in 1865 Lubbock produced the first guided tour of the Old Stone Age, in which he accused Lyell of plagiarism. In Pre-Historic Times he filled the new space of deep history with stone tools to show an evolutionary pathway from St Acheul to the Neolithic monuments of Avebury and Stonehenge. Tracing history back was matched by the anthropologist Edward Tylor, who traced it up. Both men were interested in the evolution of racial groups and accounting for the world’s hunters and gatherers. In a typically upbeat assessment, Lubbock saw the lesson of the past as providing hope for the future. Victorian ‘savages’ at the uttermost ends of the earth had not degenerated from a civilized state. They had the potential to evolve, as his ancestors in Europe had done. Unwritten history was making universal history possible. The decade saw deaths and career changes. Prestwich largely abandoned the time revolution, married Falconer’s niece, Grace McCall, and became an Oxford professor. Falconer and Boucher de Perthes died, while Lubbock entered Parliament in 1870. Prestwich’s fixed notion of a single ice age was challenged by James Croll, who painstakingly worked out the changes in the elliptical orbit of the Earth, and from these proposed multiple ice ages. As a bookend to the decade Evans published his fact-rich volume on ancient stone implements. The path of deep history was now set in stone.

scholarly journals Freshwater Fish Species of the Oorlogskloof River, Northern Cape Province, South Africa

Our Nature ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
P.P. Ramollo ◽  
M. Schumann ◽  
W.A.J. Pretorius
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Endangered Fish ◽  
Freshwater Fish Species ◽  
Northern Cape

The freshwater fish of Oorlogskloof River were sampled in March 2010. The study aimed to determine the distribution and relative abundance of freshwater fish in the Oorlogskloof River. A total of 4643individuals represented by five fish species belonging to two families were sampled. The Barbus anoplus was only sampled in the upper reaches of the Oorlogskloof River gorge while endangered Labeobarbus capensis appeared downstream in the Oorlogskloof River. Barbus serra dominated the fish species in the system. The invasion of Tilapia sparmanni in this system was confirmed during the survey andthe species appeared to be widespread throughout the system. At this stage it does not appear to be posing a serious threat to the endangered fish species. The Oorlogskloof River can be considered as a potential refuge site for the conservation of some endemic and threatened freshwater fishes of South Africa.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v10i1.7746

Scandinavian Rock-engravings

Antiquity ◽  
1937 ◽  
Vol 11 (41) ◽  
pp. 56-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grahame Clark
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Made In ◽  
Cave Art

The discovery of the cave art of France and Spain did more than anything else to make the ordinary man aware of the immense significance of the discoveries made in the field of pleistocene man during the nineteenth century. In many ways the superior of the conventionally accepted ‘art’ of the day, the paintings and engravings captured the imagination of people to whom flints and bones meant little. They made real the existence of man in the ice age, and through them men could look into a primitive world, situated not in the distant places of the earth, but close to the centres of modern civilization.

On the infracommunity structure of adult cestodes in freshwater fishes

Parasitology ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. I. Andersen ◽  
E. T. Valtonen
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Fish Communities ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Fish Host ◽  
Evolutionary Explanation ◽  
Cestode Species ◽  
Bothnian Bay

The distribution–co-occurrence and exchange of adult cestode species in two fish communities (the Bothnian Bay and Lake Yli-Kitka both in Finland) was studied. Coexistence of two or more mature cestode species in the same fish host population was zero for all fish species studied (33) except pike in the Bothnian Bay and whitefish in the lake. It was found that 60% of the fish species studied in the Bothnian Bay and 80% of the fish species studied from Lake Yli-Kitka harboured only 1 mature cestode species. Exchange of adult cestode species between the different fish species in these two fish communities was found to be as rare as coexistence. The infra-community structure of adult cestodes in freshwater fish thus turned out to be markedly different from what is known to be the situation in birds. The evolutionary explanation behind the differences is discussed.

Impact of the Icelandic hotspot on GPS time series in southeast Greenland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina R. Barletta ◽  
Andrea Bordoni ◽  
Shfaqat Abbas Khan
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Greenland Ice Sheet ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Gps Velocities ◽  
Global Sea Level ◽  
Gps Time Series ◽  
Iceland Plume ◽  
Preliminary Computation

<p>The mass lost from Greenland ice sheet is one of the most important contribution to the global sea level rise, and it is under constant monitoring. However, still little is known about the heat flux at the glacier bedrock, and how it affects dynamics of the major outlet glaciers in Greenland. Recent studies suggest that the hotspot currently under Iceland have been under eastern Greenland at ~40 Ma BP and that the upwelling of hot material from the Iceland plume towards Greenland is ongoing. A warm upper mantle has a low viscosity, which in turn causes the solid Earth to rebound much faster to deglaciation. We have good reasons to believe that mantle beneath SE-Greenland has very low viscosity (Khan, et al. 2016), as also suggested by the discrepancy between the GPS velocities and the predicted purely elastic deformations caused by present-day ice loss. Here we present a preliminary computation of the Earth deformation driven by a low viscosity mantle excited by the deglatiation since the little ice age (LIA) to the present day. We produce the time series of such deformation and compare it with GPS time series, the oldest dating back to 1992.</p>

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