Radiotracer Experiments on Phosphorus Uptake and Release by Limnetic Microzooplankton

1981 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 1316-1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Taylor ◽  
D. R. S. Lean
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Process ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
Turnover Time ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Keratella Cochlearis ◽  
Dissolved Phosphorus ◽  
Conventional View ◽  
Total Excretion

When carrier-free 32PO4 is added to lakewater, the planktonic ciliated protozoan Strombidium viride gradually becomes labeled over at least 30 h. The label enters S. viride primarily by the ingestion of labeled particles 0.2–1.0 μm in size; direct uptake of phosphate or uptake of larger particles (≥5 μm) is relatively slight or absent. When labeled S. viride are transferred to unlabeled lake water, they lose 32P by a discontinuous process, presumed to be defecation, plus a relatively slow, continuous process. The latter is assumed to be equivalent to what is usually termed excretion for crustacean zooplankton, and is equivalent to a turnover time for the animal's phosphorus content of many hours. Results of release experiments with the rotifer Keratella cochlearis are quantitatively similar, but defecation was a much larger part of the total. Excretion was similar in turnover time to that for S. viride. The soluble phosphorus released by both species was characterized as primarily phosphate using gel filtration. These results do not support the conventional view that microzooplankton regenerate dissolved phosphorus much more rapidly for their biomass than larger crustacean zooplankton.Key words: phosphorus uptake, phosphorus release, microzooplankton, Strombidium viride, Keratella cochlearis

scholarly journals Phosphorus recovery and recycling from model animal wastewaters using materials prepared from rice straw and corn cobs

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (8) ◽  
pp. 1893-1906
Author(s):  
Yifan Ding ◽  
David A. Sabatini ◽  
Elizabeth C. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Magnesium Silicate ◽  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
Phosphorus Recovery ◽  
Dissolved Phosphorus ◽  
Corn Cobs ◽  
Model Animal ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Bicarbonate Alkalinity

Abstract Anthropogenic loss of phosphorus to surface waters not only causes environmental problems but depletes valuable phosphorus reserves. In this study, magnesium amended biochars and magnesium silicate, synthesized from corn cobs and rice straw, respectively, were evaluated for phosphorus uptake including the effects of pH and alkalinity. The overall goal was to close the phosphorus loop by recovering phosphorus from animal waste and reusing it as fertilizer. After phosphorus uptake, spent materials were tested for phosphorus release using modified soil tests representing different soil pH and alkalinity conditions. In experiments using model animal wastewaters containing both ammonia and bicarbonate alkalinity, dissolved phosphorus was removed by struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O) formation, whereas in deionized water, dissolved phosphorus was removed by adsorption. Alkalinity in the model animal wastewaters competed with phosphate for dissolved or solid-associated magnesium, thereby reducing phosphorus uptake. Spent materials released significant phosphorus in waters with bicarbonate alkalinity. This work shows that abundant agricultural wastes can be used to synthesize solids for phosphorus uptake, with the spent materials having potential application as fertilizers.

Speciation of dissolved phosphorus in environmental samples by gel filtration and flow-injection analysis

Talanta ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 1981-1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.D. McKelvie ◽  
B.T. Hart ◽  
T.J. Cardwell ◽  
R.W. Cattrall
Keyword(s):  
Flow Injection ◽  
Flow Injection Analysis ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Dissolved Phosphorus

Start-Up of A2/O Humic Activated Sludge Systemphosphorus Removal Efficiency Analysis

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 2201-2207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yin ◽  
Lei Wu ◽  
Ke Zhao ◽  
Yu Juan Yu
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
Activated Sludge System ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Article Analysis ◽  
Sludge Activity

In this article, analysis the start-up of A2/O humic activated sludge system phosphorus removal efficiency and the characteristics of anaerobic phosphorus release, aerobic phosphorus uptake, sludge activity and their change in the Series Technologies process. The results show that A2/O humic activated sludge system phosphorus removal rate stabilized at 90.7% ~ 97.6%. Sludge activity except for anoxic zone 2 increased, along the process showed a gradual decrease trend.

Simultaneous Removal of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Intermittently Aerated 2-Tank Activated Sludge Process Using DO and ORP-Bending-Point Control

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 513-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kousei Sasaki ◽  
Yasuji Yamamoto ◽  
Kazushi Tsumura ◽  
Shigeru Hatsumata ◽  
Masahiro Tatewaki
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Material Balance ◽  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Time Sharing ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Time Control

The 2-tank intermittent aeration method is an anaerobic-aerobic activated sludge process of time-sharing type in which 2 complete mixing reaction tanks are connected in series, and aeration and agitation are periodically repeated in each tank. We have developed a new control system for the process which can secure anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic conditions through a combination of DO and ORP-Bending-point (corresponding to termination of denitrification) emergence time control. In the 1st tank, nitrification and phosphorus uptake occur in the aeration period, followed by denitrification and phosphorus release in the agitation. The 2nd tank performs nitrification and phosphorus uptake in the aeration and denitrification in the agitation. One cycle of aeration and agitation is approximately 2 hours. This control system was applied to the test plant (influent flow rate: 225 I/day) for two months under the conditions of HRT 16 hours and temperature 20 ±2 °C. We achieved stable and high removal ratios: TOC 94.9 %, T-N 89.4 %, and T-P 95.5 %. We also investigated the mechanisms of nitrogen and phosphorus removal and their material balance.

Improving the predictions of ASM2d through modelling in practice

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Larrea ◽  
I. Irizar ◽  
M.E. Hildago
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
Reduction Factor ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Predictive Capacity ◽  
Kinetic Coefficients ◽  
Autotrophic Biomass ◽  
Rate Processes

The paper presents the adjustments carried out on the structure and in some default values of the kinetic coefficients of the ASM2d model in order to get an improved prediction for the experimental results obtained in pilot scale plants studies with different activated sludge treatment processes for carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous removal. In order to predict the high effluent filtered COD experimentally observed in high rate processes for carbon removal, a new model structure has been proposed, incorporating into the carbon model a soluble fraction of the slowly biodegradable substrate. Studies with the step feed and the alternating processes showed simultaneous nitrification-denitrification in aerated reactors which was predicted with increased values in the oxygen saturation coefficients for heterotrophic and autotrophic biomass. Both processes also showed loss of the denitrification capacity under unfavourable conditions, such us rains and low anoxic fraction, which required a very large decrease in the value of the reduction factor for denitrification so as to improve the predictions for effluent nitrate experimental results. Regarding phosphorus removal, the ASM2d model showed a satisfactory predictive capacity. For improved predictions of phosphorus release in anaerobic conditions, high values of the rate constant for storage of XPHA and low values of the anaerobic hydrolysis reduction factor were used. For phosphorus uptake in aerobic and anoxic conditions satisfactory predictions were obtained using the default values.

Movements of Phosphorus Between its Biologically Important Forms in Lake Water

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1525-1536 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. S. Lean
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Particulate Fraction ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Radioactive Phosphorus ◽  
Dissolved Phosphorus ◽  
Kinetics Of

A model consistent with the kinetics of phosphorus in epilimnetic lake water was developed. Adding 32PO4 to lake water and separating the major forms of dissolved phosphorus by Sephadex gel filtration showed that the exchange mechanism between inorganic phosphate and the particulate fraction predominates. At the same time, a low-molecular-weight phosphorus compound is excreted which combines with colloids in lake water, releasing phosphate from the colloid and making the phosphate available for "transfer" again. This rapid cycling of phosphorus between the four principal forms — the particulate fraction, the low-molecular-weight P compound, colloidal P, and phosphate — appears to contribute to formation of colloids in lake water. No direct complexing of phosphate to the colloid was observed. Only in the presence of algae, bacteria, and other particulate matter did the radioactive phosphorus move to the low-molecular weight and the colloidal forms. The low-molecular-weight compound is negatively charged, as is the colloidal P, but to a lesser degree. Both are removed by anion exchange materials along with phosphate, but the rate that they move into the fraction removed by membrane filtration is different from that for phosphate. When filtrate is refiltered a large amount of the colloidal P is retained by the filter. This complicates measurements of transfer and makes previous studies on utilization of dissolved organic phosphorus of doubtful value since corrections for filter retention were rarely, if ever, made.

Influence of sludge age on enhanced phosphorus removal in biological systems

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Rodrigo ◽  
A. Seco ◽  
J. M. Penya-roja ◽  
J. Ferrer
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acid ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
Removal Process ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Logarithmic Curve ◽  
Two Parameters

The phosphorus removal process was studied in a bench-scale plant for a period of 300 days. The process was observed to depend greatly on two parameters: the amount of volatile fatty acid (VFA) taken up in the anaerobic stage and sludge age. For a given sludge age, phosphorus release versus VFA uptake in the anaerobic stage could be fitted to a straight line, while phosphorus uptake in the non-anaerobic stages fitted a logarithmic curve. Thus, phosphorus removal occurred within a limited VFA uptake range. The range width and the phosphorus removal capacity varied with sludge age.

scholarly journals The Influence of Temperature on Metabolisms of Phosphorus Accumulating Organisms in Biological Wastewater Treatment Plants in the Presence of Cu(II) Toxicity

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen-Chiang Chou ◽  
Chih-Chi Yang ◽  
Meng-Shan Lu ◽  
Li-Yuan Hu ◽  
Ku-Fan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Shock Loading ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Glycogen Synthesis ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
Biological Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Toxic Environment ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On

The purpose of this study was to study how temperature variation affects the tolerance of phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs) in a toxic environment. To exclude the interference of glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs), shock loading experiments were conducted to study the effect of Cu(II) toxicity on the metabolisms of PAOs in 10, 20, and 30 °C conditions. The experimental data showed that the temperature effects on aerobic phosphorus uptake, PHA degradation, and glycogen synthesis were remarkable in the presence of Cu(II). Nevertheless, insignificant effects on anaerobic phosphorus release and PHA synthesis were found. The largest inhibition of PAO metabolism occurred in the low temperature case (10 °C). This study also experimentally demonstrated the loss of PAO metabolic ability in the subsequent aerobic stage, after the anaerobic stage. The presence of Cu(II) toxicity mainly resulted from the inhibition of biochemical reactions in the aerobic stage, and it was irrelevant to the inhibition of previous anaerobic metabolisms.

Effect of Changes in Zooplankton on Orthophosphate Dynamics of Natural Phytoplankton Communities

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward McCauley ◽  
Jacob Kalff
Keyword(s):  
Large Volume ◽  
Algal Biomass ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Zooplankton Biomass ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Algal Communities ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Natural Phytoplankton

Replicate algal communities were isolated from Lake Memphremagog (Quebec–Vermont) in large–volume enclosures, and the abundance of herbivores was changed in them to produce a gradient of herbivore biomass among enclosures. The performance of the phytoplankton and their phosphorus uptake was observed in response to these different levels of crustacean Zooplankton biomass. In general, reducing Zooplankton biomass did not lead to phosphorus-deficient algal communities. Seven field experiments were done in 1979, 1980, and 1981 Only two of these experiments produced algal communities in which the cycling rate of orthophosphate per unit algal biomass was modified by reduction of crustacean Zooplankton biomass.

Interpretation of Radiophosphate Dynamics in Lake Waters

1992 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Fisher ◽  
D. R. S. Lean
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Turnover Time ◽  
Steady State Distribution ◽  
State Distribution ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Lake Waters ◽  
Functional Components

Models of planktonic phosphorus dynamics over the last 30–40 yr depend on the steady-state distribution of isotope for the determination of compartment size. Radiophosphate data for P-deficient lakes in summer have shown a steady-state distribution of 1–15% of 32P in the filtrate within 0.5–5 h. To explain this, a phosphate back-flux term from the particulate fraction has been widely accepted (phosphate is believed to be released from the internal pools of phosphate consumers and by excretion from herbivores and bacterivores). We show that dialysis of lake water at isotopic steady state provides values for the dissolved [32P]PO4 compartment up to an order of magnitude lower than those obtained by membrane filtration and gel filtration chromatography. This apparently occurs as a result of minor cell damage during filtration when most of the [32P]PO4 is in the particulate pool. Consequently, the size of the phosphate pool and the magnitudes of phosphate uptake and back-flux may have been overestimated by up to a factor of 10. Furthermore, the turnover time of the particulate compartment lengthens from ~ 40 min to > 1 d, which is more consistent with models describing P fluxes between functional components of the plankton.

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