Diel Foraging Behavior and Prey Selection in the Golden Shiner (Notemigonus crysoleucas)

1979 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 1029-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald J. Hall ◽  
Earl E. Werner ◽  
James F. Gilliam ◽  
Gary G. Mittelbach ◽  
Donald Howard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Prey Selection ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Horizontal Gradient ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Littoral Region ◽  
Golden Shiner ◽  
Notemigonus Crysoleucas ◽  
Golden Shiners ◽  
Region Size

Diel migrations of the golden shiner (Notemigonus crysoleucas) from the littoral to limnetic zone of a small Michigan lake were documented through visual observations and gill netting. During the day golden shiners schooled in the littoral zone. Just after sunset schools broke up and the golden shiner migrated to the open water regions of the lake. Feeding by the golden shiner was largely coincident with the evening migration. The majority of the shiner population fed on Daphnia and most prey were obtained within 1 h of sunset. Feeding was minimal through the night with some feeding evident at dawn. Daphnia underwent a strong diel vertical migration, especially larger individuals, and showed a strong horizontal gradient of decreasing size and density from the limnetic into the littoral region. Size of Daphnia eaten by the shiner increased dramatically across the evening feeding period. This increase is due to the horizontal gradient in Daphnia and availability of larger Daphnia as they migrate to the surface. On only one date when prey densities were highest did the shiners actively select large Daphnia. The golden shiner faces a dynamic prey system both in time and space which influences prey "selection." We relate adaptations of planktivorous fishes that migrate to relative abundances of fishes in small lakes. Key words: coevolution, Daphnia, diel migration, fish, foraging behavior, golden shiner, Notemigonus, planktivore, predator–prey

State-shifts of lion prey selection in the Kruger National Park

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. T. Maruping-Mzileni ◽  
P. J. Funston ◽  
S. M. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Prey Selection ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Key Indicator ◽  
Management Interventions

Aims Indicators of pending state-shifts carry value for policy makers. Predator–prey relations reflect key ecological processes that shape ecosystems. Variance in predator–prey relations may serve as a key indicator of future state-shifts. Methods Lion (Panthera leo) diet in the Kruger National Park was evaluated as such an indicator. Over the three-decade time span reviewed, variance in diet in relation to rainfall, prey abundance, management strategies and disease emergence were reviewed. Key results Rainfall patterns, both seasonal and cyclical, were identified as key drivers of predator–prey selection. However, the intensity of management in the form of artificial waterpoints overrode and confounded natural process. The results suggest that savanna systems are stable and punctuated by climatic events in the form of extreme above-average rainfall that temporarily destabilises the system. However, droughts are a cyclical part of the savanna system. Conclusion Lion prey selection did fluctuate with changing environmental conditions. Abrupt state shifts did occur; however, the ecosystem returned to a stable state. Implications State shifts in ecosystems pose key challenges to conservation managers. State shifts appear to be primarily associated with management interventions and environmental factors.

scholarly journals Hydrodynamic sensing does not facilitate active drag reduction in the golden shiner (Notemigonus crysoleucas)

2010 ◽  
Vol 213 (8) ◽  
pp. 1309-1319 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. McHenry ◽  
K. B. Michel ◽  
W. Stewart ◽  
U. K. Muller
Keyword(s):  
Drag Reduction ◽  
Golden Shiner ◽  
Notemigonus Crysoleucas ◽  
Active Drag

scholarly journals Northeastern Range Extension for the Northern Redbelly Dace, Phoxinus eos, and the Golden Shiner, Notemigonus crysoleucas, in Québec

2010 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-François Desroches
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Range Extension ◽  
Short Discussion ◽  
Golden Shiner ◽  
Notemigonus Crysoleucas

In 2005 and 2009, two species of Cyprinidae, the Northern Redbelly Dace, Phoxinus eos, and the Golden Shiner, Notemigonus crysoleucas, were collected northeast of their know range, in Québec. These new records, indeed range extensions, are presented here with a short discussion on the fish fauna of the area and on the possibility of introductions.En 2005 et en 2009, deux espèces de Cyprinidés, soit le Méné ventre-rouge, Phoxinus eos, et le Méné jaune, Notemigonus crysoleucas, ont été capturées au nord-est de leur répartition connue au Québec. Ces nouvelles mentions, qui constituent des extensions d'aire, sont ici présentées de même qu'une courte discussion sur l'ichtyofaune de la région et la possibilité d'introductions.

Prey Selection, Vertical Migrations and the Impacts of Harvesting Upon the Population Dynamics of a Predator-Prey System

2007 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1827-1846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen J. Edwards ◽  
Calvin Dytham ◽  
Jonathan W. Pitchford ◽  
David Righton
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Prey Selection ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Prey System

scholarly journals The heavy metals/trace elements contents of sediments from Owalla Reservoir, Osun State, Southwest Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adedeji Idowu Aduwo ◽  
Israel Funso Adeniyi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Annual Cycles ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Littoral Region ◽  
Water Region ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
Definite Pattern ◽  
Horizontal Variations

The heavy metals/trace elements contents of sediment samples from Owalla Reservoir were analyzed every three months in two annual cycles (March 2011 – February 2013). The main aim was to measure concentrations of selected elements in sediment samples, their variations in space and seasons and the level of pollution and/or contamination. The bottom sediment samples were collected with a Van Veen Grab and the elemental analysis in the laboratory was based on air-dried samples following standard methods. The overall hierarchy of heavy metals/trace elements in the sediments of the reservoir was in the decreasing order of concentrations: Fe > Mn > As > Zn > Ni > Co > Cr > Cu > Pb > Cd. The concentrations of the heavy metals did not follow any definite pattern from the upstream-downstream basin, although most of them (Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Co) showed significant differences (P<0.05) in their horizontal variations. Mn, Pb, Co, Fe, Ni, and Zn were significantly (P<0.05) higher at the open water region than in the littoral region. All the elements except Ni did not show significant seasonal variations (P>0.05). Most of the elements in the reservoir sediment have concentrations within the background levels and concentrations defined in environmental regulations and guidelines, except for As and Cd. The contamination factors (Cf) for most metals (Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) suggested low contamination in the sediments (Cf < 1.0). Conversely, the sediments were moderately contaminated with Cd (Cf = 2.41) and very highly contaminated with As (Cf = 19.33).

Fish Size and Prey Availability Affect Growth, Survival, Prey Selection, and Foraging Behavior of Larval Yellow Perch

2004 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 504-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian D. S. Graeb ◽  
John M. Dettmers ◽  
David H. Wahl ◽  
Carla E. Cáceres
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Prey Selection ◽  
Fish Size
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