Prediction of Egg Development Times of Freshwater Copepods

1978 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 1322-1329 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Cooley ◽  
Charles K. Minns
Keyword(s):  
Development Time ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Egg Development ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Temperature Function ◽  
Is Development ◽  
Freshwater Copepods ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hatching Temperature

Available literature data on the relationship between freshwater copepod egg development time and temperature were summarized and fitted where possible to Bělehrádek's temperature function[Formula: see text]where D is development time, T is temperature, a, b, and α are fitted constants. In the calanoids, and to a lesser extent cyclopoids, a and α were predictably related as were α and in situ egg hatching temperature (TH) when b was assumed to be constant for all copepods. This information was used to describe a simple procedure whereby a curve relating egg development and temperature could be constructed by only knowing TH and applying it to Bělehrádek's temperature function. Key words: Calanoidea, Cyclopoidea, zooplankton, temperature, production assessment

Laboratory observations on early development of the oncaeid copepod Triconia canadensis from the mesopelagic zone of the western subarctic Pacific

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 479-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichiro Nishibe ◽  
Tsutomu Ikeda
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Hatching Success ◽  
Egg Development ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Subarctic Pacific ◽  
Western Subarctic Pacific ◽  
Mesopelagic Zone ◽  
Life Cycle Strategy

Egg development time and hatching success were determined for the oncaeid copepod, Triconia canadensis, from the mesopelagic zone of the western subarctic Pacific. The egg development time was estimated to be 74.7–84.5 days at in situ temperature (3°C), which is much longer than those reported previously on the other oncaeid copepods even if the differences in experimental temperatures are taken into account. The egg hatching success varied between 50 and 100%, with a grand mean of 88%. The newly hatched nauplii of T. canadensis were elongate ellipsoid in shape, and had many large-sized lipid droplets in their body. Possible adaptive significance of apparent longer egg developmment time of T. canadensis is discussed in the light of their life cycle strategy.

TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT DEVELOPMENT OF EGGS AND LARVAE OF WINTHEMIA FUMIFERANAE TOTH. (DIPTERA: TACHINIDAE), A LARVAL–PUPAL PARASITOID OF THE SPRUCE BUDWORM (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Hébert ◽  
Conrad Cloutier
Keyword(s):  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Development Rate ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Egg Development ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Egg Deposition ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Time Required ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Eggs And Larvae

AbstractRelationships between temperature and development rates of eggs and larvae of Winthemia fumiferanae Toth. were experimentally determined, using the spruce budworm as host. Hatching of parasitoid eggs was triggered by host pupation. The median time required to complete egg development at different temperatures was estimated from distributions of percentage development success of the parasitoid over time between egg deposition and host pupation. For parasitoid eggs that had sufficient time to hatch, detachment from the host before pupation was the most important cause of mortality at 15 °C or higher, but was negligible below this temperature. A curvilinear model describing egg development rate as a function of temperature was used to simulate the development of W. fumiferanae eggs in the field. The relationship between larval development rate and temperature also was modelled, and the variability described. Simulations initiated by host pupation-driven egg hatching, and terminated with prepupal drop to the ground, are presented and discussed with respect to the appropriateness of using host pupation as an indicator of parasitoid egg hatching in the field.

Comparison of different models to predict the in situ embryonic developmental rate of fish, with special reference to white sucker (Catostomus commersoni)

1997 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Hamel ◽  
P Magnan ◽  
P East ◽  
M Lapointe ◽  
P Laurendeau
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Model ◽  
Developmental Rate ◽  
Quadratic Equation ◽  
White Sucker ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Degree Day ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
The Relationship

We performed laboratory incubations of white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) eggs to determine (i) the incubation time to organogenesis, eyed egg, hatching, and swim-up phases at eight different temperatures (8.5-21.2°C), and (ii) the best model to describe the relationship between these incubation times and temperature. Seven models (degree-day, power-law, B e lehrádek's equation, quadratic equation, first- and second-order exponentials, and a thermodynamic model) all gave comparable and highly significant fits to our data (R2 > 0.90). We thus compared the in situ and predicted incubation times by (i) the degree-day model, because of its simplicity, and (ii) the thermodynamic model, because of its theoretical foundation. The degree-day model was at least as accurate as the thermodynamic model (overall mean difference between predicted and observed incubation times of 1.4 ± 1.0 and 1.2 ± 1.2 days for the thermodynamic and degree-day models, respectively). Given its high accuracy and simplicity of use, we conclude that the degree-day model should be used to predict the incubation times of white sucker. We also observed a synchronization of hatching in situ that suggested an influence of photoperiod in addition to that of water temperature.

Influence of temperature on life-history characteristics of two sibling species of Eurycercus (Cladocera, Chydoridae)

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 891-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Hann
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Sibling Species ◽  
Brood Size ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Egg Development ◽  
Temperature Function ◽  
Life History Characteristics ◽  
Dependent Change ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Specific Variation

Life history characteristics of two sibling species of chydorid Cladocera, Eurycercus (Bullatifrons) longirostris and E. (B.) vernalis, were determined under controlled laboratory conditions. Temperature-dependent change in embryonic development time was described by the Bělehrádek rate–temperature function. Intra- and inter-specific variation was considerable and underlines the need for population-specific determinations of egg development time over a wide temperature range (especially low temperatures) if secondary production is to be assessed reliably. The relationships between (i) egg development time and (ii) generation time with temperature in geographically separated populations of both species exhibited compensation. The interaction between age-specific fecundity and temperature is discussed in relation to population dynamics. Values of r declined with temperature and, although comparable to those calculated for littoral Cladocera, are lower than most estimates available for limnetic species. Finally, the life history traits employed by these two large-bodied species with variable brood size are contrasted with those of the small species of chydorids with maximum brood size of two eggs.

Profile Imaging of Silicon Surface Reconstructions

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 262-263
Author(s):  
O.L. Krivanek ◽  
G.J. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Structure Determination ◽  
Silicon Surface ◽  
Good Resolution ◽  
Surface Reconstructions ◽  
Bulk Structure ◽  
Point To Point ◽  
The Relationship

Electron microscopy at 0.2nm point-to-point resolution, 10-10 torr specimei region vacuum and facilities for in-situ specimen cleaning presents intere; ing possibilities for surface structure determination. Three methods for examining the surfaces are available: reflection (REM), transmission (TEM) and profile imaging. Profile imaging is particularly useful because it giv good resolution perpendicular as well as parallel to the surface, and can therefore be used to determine the relationship between the surface and the bulk structure.

A combined ultrastructural and gene molecular research for the relationship between human uterine cervical carcinoma and human papillomavirus

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-205
Author(s):  
Kun Lee ◽  
Jingyi Si ◽  
Ricai Han ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Bingbing Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Dot Blot ◽  
Homologous Sequences ◽  
Normal Cervical Epithelium ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Chronic Cervicitis

There are more supports for the view that human papillomavirus (HPV) infection might be an etiological factor in the development of cervical cancer when the association of persistent condylomata is considered. Biopsies from 318 cases with squamous cell carcinoma of uterine cervix, 48 with cervical and vulvar condylomata, 14 with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), 34 with chronic cervicitis and 24 normal cervical epithelium were collected from 5 geographic regions of China with different cervical cancer mortalities. All specimens were prepared for Dot blot, Southern blot and in situ DNA-DNA hybridizations by using HPV-11, 16, 18 DNA labelled with 32P and 3H as probes to detect viral homologous sequences in samples. Among them, 32 cases with cervical cancer, 27 with condyloma and 10 normal cervical epitheliums were randomly chosen for comparative EM observation. The results showed that: 1), 192 out of 318 (60.4%) cases of cervical cancer were positive for HPV-16 DNA probe (Table I)

scholarly journals Novel hydrogen chemisorption properties of amorphous ceramic compounds consisting of p-block elements: exploring Lewis acid-base Al–N pair site formed in-situ within polymer-derived silicon-aluminum-nitrogen-based system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shotaro Tada ◽  
Norifumi Asakuma ◽  
Shiori Ando ◽  
Toru Asaka ◽  
Yusuke Daiko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lewis Acid ◽  
Active Site ◽  
Hydrogen Chemisorption ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Polymer Derived Ceramics ◽  
System P ◽  
Ceramic Compounds ◽  
The Relationship

This paper reports on the relationship between the H2 chemisorption properties and reversible structural reorientation of the possible active site around Al formed in-situ within polymer-derived ceramics (PDCs) based on...

scholarly journals Comparison of the Concentration of Risk Elements in Alluvial Soils Determined by pXRF In Situ, in the Laboratory, and by ICP-OES

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 938
Author(s):  
Ladislav Menšík ◽  
Lukáš Hlisnikovský ◽  
Pavel Nerušil ◽  
Eva Kunzová
Keyword(s):  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Alluvial Soil ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Fast Method ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Icp Oes ◽  
Risk Elements ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of the study was to compare the concentrations of risk elements (As, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn) in alluvial soil, which were measured by a portable X-ray fluorescence analyser (pXRF) in situ (FIELD) and in the laboratory (LABORATORY). Subsequently, regression equations were developed for individual elements through the method of construction of the regression model, which compare the results of pXRF with classical laboratory analysis (ICP-OES). The accuracy of the measurement, expressed by the coefficient of determination (R2), was as follows in the case of FIELD–ICP-OES: Pb (0.96), Zn (0.92), As (0.72), Mn (0.63), Cu (0.31) and Ni (0.01). In the case of LABORATORY–ICP-OES, the coefficients had values: Pb (0.99), Zn (0.98), Cu and Mn (0.89), As (0.88), Ni (0.81). A higher dependence of the relationship was recorded between LABORATORY–ICP-OES than between FIELD–ICP-OES. An excellent relationship was recorded for the elements Pb and Zn, both for FIELD and LABORATORY (R2 higher than 0.90). The elements Cu, Mn and As have a worse tightness in the relationship; however, the results of the model have shown its applicability for common use, e.g., in agricultural practice or in monitoring the quality of the environment. Based on our results, we can say that pXRF instruments can provide highly accurate results for the concentration of risk elements in the soil in real time for some elements and meet the principle of precision agriculture: an efficient, accurate and fast method of analysis.

scholarly journals In Situ Vitrification of Lung Cancer Organoids on a Microwell Array

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 624
Author(s):  
Qiang Liu ◽  
Tian Zhao ◽  
Xianning Wang ◽  
Zhongyao Chen ◽  
Yawei Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Drug Sensitivity ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Microwell Array ◽  
Sensitivity Tests ◽  
Anti Cancer

Three-dimensional cultured patient-derived cancer organoids (PDOs) represent a powerful tool for anti-cancer drug development due to their similarity to the in vivo tumor tissues. However, the culture and manipulation of PDOs is more difficult than 2D cultured cell lines due to the presence of the culture matrix and the 3D feature of the organoids. In our other study, we established a method for lung cancer organoid (LCO)-based drug sensitivity tests on the superhydrophobic microwell array chip (SMAR-chip). Here, we describe a novel in situ cryopreservation technology on the SMAR-chip to preserve the viability of the organoids for future drug sensitivity tests. We compared two cryopreservation approaches (slow freezing and vitrification) and demonstrated that vitrification performed better at preserving the viability of LCOs. Next, we developed a simple procedure for in situ cryopreservation and thawing of the LCOs on the SMAR-chip. We proved that the on-chip cryopreserved organoids can be recovered successfully and, more importantly, showing similar responses to anti-cancer drugs as the unfrozen controls. This in situ vitrification technology eliminated the harvesting and centrifugation steps in conventional cryopreservation, making the whole freeze–thaw process easier to perform and the preserved LCOs ready to be used for the subsequent drug sensitivity test.

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