Elevated Heavy Metals: A Stress on a Population of White Suckers, Catostomus commersoni, in Hamell Lake, Saskatchewan

1978 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 963-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. McFarlane ◽  
W. G. Franzin
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Fish Population ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Egg Survival ◽  
Flin Flon ◽  
Lake Waters ◽  
Spawning Success

This study examined populations of white suckers (Catostomus commersoni), in two physically and chemically similar lakes in the vicinity of, and receiving heavy-metal fallout from, a base-metal smelter complex near Flin Flon, Manitoba. The white suckers occupying Hamell Lake, Saskatchewan, which is contaminated by Zn, Cu, and Cd, showed signs typical of a population under stress when compared with the population in Thompson Lake, Manitoba, which contains much lower levels of these metals. Hamell Lake white suckers showed greatly increased growth in length and weight, increased fecundity, and earlier age of maturation, but reduced spawning success, reduced larval and egg survival, smaller egg size, and reduced longevity compared with Thompson Lake white suckers. We attribute these differences to elevated heavy metals in Hamell Lake waters, particularly in early spring, a most critical period in the reproductive cycle of these fish. Effects of the metals on other species of fish in Hamell Lake are also discussed. Key words: heavy metals, fish, population, stress, white sucker

An Examination of Cd, Cu, and Hg Concentrations in Livers of Northern Pike, Esox lucius, and White Sucker, Catostomus commersoni, from Five Lakes near a Base Metal Smelter at Flin Flon, Manitoba

1980 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1573-1578 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. McFarlane ◽  
W. G. Franzin
Keyword(s):  
Base Metal ◽  
Northern Pike ◽  
Esox Lucius ◽  
White Sucker ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Degree Of Contamination ◽  
Pike Esox Lucius ◽  
Flin Flon ◽  
Lake Waters ◽  
Metal Smelter

Concentrations of Cd, Cu, and Hg were examined in livers of northern pike (Esox lucius) and white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) from five lakes in the vicinity of, and receiving metal fallout from, a base metal smelter complex at Flin Flon, Manitoba. Concentrations of Cd in livers increased with increasing age in both species. Concentrations of Cu and Hg increased with age only in pike livers. The relationships of metal concentration to fish age were not consistent with the degree of contamination in lakes. Ca concentration of lake waters appeared to affect liver metal concentrations.Key words: Ca, Zn, Cu, Cd, Hg, white suckers, northern pike, bioaccumulation, smelter fallout.

scholarly journals Concentrations of Cadmium, Copper, Lead and Zinc in Snow from Near Dye 3 in South Greenland

1988 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 193-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.W. Wolff ◽  
David A. Peel
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Crustal Component ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Gasoline Additive ◽  
Spring Maximum

Clean sampling and analysis procedures have been used to measure the concentrations of Al and four heavy metals in snow representing one year’s accumulation (1983-84) near Dye 3 in Greenland. Mean values were Al 17.5ng g−1, Cd 0.74 pg g−1, Cu 6.2 pg g−1, Pb 28 pg g−1 and Zn 27 pg g−1. Concentrations of the heavy metals are lower than previously reported at other Greenland sites for snowfall during the last 20 years. A distinct late-winter / early-spring maximum is seen for Al, Cu, Pb and Zn, in accord with other workers’ measurements of various species in the atmospheric aerosol in the Arctic. Cu appears to have a large crustal component, but Cd, Pb and Zn probably originate mainly from pollution. One explanation for the lower Pb values may be the considerable reduction in North American and European usage of Pb as a petrol (gasoline) additive during the last decade. These limited data emphasize the importance of obtaining a reliable century-long record of these metals in Greenland ice.

scholarly journals Plankton communities in oxbow lakes of the River Vistula (Oświęcim Basin) with bottom sediments heterogeneously contaminated with heavy metals

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Gadzinowska
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Oxbow Lake ◽  
Oxbow Lakes ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Zinc Cadmium ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
Lake Waters ◽  
Plankton Communities

Abstract This study presents plankton communities (phytoplankton and zooplankton) in the three reservoirs of the River Vistula’s oxbow lake near Zator (Oświęcim Basin). Selected physicochemical parameters of the oxbow lake waters and the bottom sediments were analysed. Aquatic ecosystems in the investigated area have been heterogeneously contaminated with heavy metals (mostly by zinc, cadmium, lead and chromium), because of contaminated waters of the Vistula, and with manganese and iron. The highest differences were observed between Krajskie and Miejsce oxbow lakes among chlorides and the conductivity of the water and among Cr and Fe in the bottom sediments. This indicates a strong influence of the River Vistula. The plankton structure was different in each of the oxbow lakes. The index of taxa similarity showed also differences in the structure of plankton in oxbow lakes, which was convergent with the chemical parameters of oxbow lakes. The index of taxa similarity was similar for all three oxbow lakes only for one group of algae (Chlorophyta) and one group of plankton animals (Rotatoria). Lower similarity was shown between one oxbow lake impacted by the River Vistula (Krajskie) and another oxbow lake completely separated from the River Vistula (Oko).

Interaction of ions of heavy metals and organic toxicants with humic substances in system ‘atmospheric precipitation - lysimetric waters - lake waters’ of the Reserve of the European Territory of Russia: climatic, technogenic, geochemical fact

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Dinu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Alkaline Lake ◽  
Autochthonous Organic Matter ◽  
Lake Waters ◽  
Lysimetric Waters

<p>The reactions of toxicants with organic substances of a humic nature are complex and depend on many geochemical factors. Differences in the mechanisms of the selected toxicants binding with organic natural substances of various natural waters - atmospheric precipitation, lake waters (acidic and alkaline), lysimetric waters are especially interesting. Due to significant concentration differences, features of functional groups and size distribution of components, the inactivation features of humic substances are selective and highly variable. We studied the waters of an acid lake near the city of Valday (Valday National Park, conditionally a background lake) and alkaline lake Valday (city of Valday, local technogenic influence). Near each lake there was a sediment collector (a container for collecting atmospheric precipitation) and a lysimeter (a container under the soil for collecting soil moisture) under the humus horizon (about 20 cm). Particular attention was paid to soil (lysimetric) waters with varying degrees of anthropogenic impact. We considered the behavior of a large group of heavy metals, as well as benzopyrene. To assess the composition and qualitative features of organic substances, gas chromatography-mass spectrometric methods of analysis were used. Chromatographic methods were used to assess the molecular weight distribution of the components. Possible reaction mechanisms were studied by IR spectral methods. Evaluation of the reactivity of organic substances was carried out by the methods of dynamic light scattering (zeta potential, MM, size) using the "Zeta-sizer nano". In addition to humic substances in the waters, the contents of autochthonous organic matter were estimated, especially in an alkaline lake, which in some periods prevailed over humic ones. In addition to humic substances in the waters, the contents of autochthonous organic matter were estimated, especially in an alkaline lake, which in some periods prevailed over humic ones. For separation, exchange technique and fluorometric evaluations were used. We conducted research in the period 2015-2020, sampling was carried out in spring, summer, autumn. Thus, we studied the circulation (in miniature) of changes in the protective properties of humic substances, depending on a large number of factors.</p>

The chemical and physical characteristics of heavy metals in humus and till in the vicinity of the base metal smelter at Flin Flon, Manitoba, Canada

1998 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Henderson ◽  
I. McMartin ◽  
G. E. Hall ◽  
J. B. Percival ◽  
D. A. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Base Metal ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Flin Flon ◽  
Metal Smelter

Heavy-metal tolerance in algae isolated from contaminated lakes near Sudbury, Ontario

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 2155-2168 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Stokes ◽  
T. C. Hutchinson ◽  
K. Krauter
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Heavy Metal Tolerance ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Defined Media ◽  
Ecological Implications ◽  
Chlorella Species ◽  
Lake Waters

Chemical analyses of lake waters in the Sudbury smelting area indicated abnormally high levels of metals, especially of copper and nickel. Two of the algal isolates from these contaminated lakes, a Scenedesmus species and a Chlorella species, were chosen for study. Their growth, as determined by cell number, was tested under controlled conditions in defined media. Nutrient conditions, pH, and concentration in solution of copper and nickel were used as variables in bioassays. In comparison with laboratory strains of similar algae, in medium with no chelate (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) the isolated lake strains were found to be tolerant of the heavy metals nickel (Scenedesmus) and copper (Scenedesmus and Chlorella). The patterns of response to metals in solution differed markedly between laboratory and lake strains. The ecological implications are considered.

scholarly journals Pollution Problem in River Kabul: Accumulation Estimates of Heavy Metals in Native Fish Species

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habib Ahmad ◽  
Ali Muhammad Yousafzai ◽  
Muhammad Siraj ◽  
Rashid Ahmad ◽  
Israr Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Fish Population ◽  
Native Fish ◽  
Nickel Copper ◽  
Wallago Attu ◽  
Zinc Cadmium ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Cadmium And Lead ◽  
River Kabul

The contamination of aquatic systems with heavy metals is affecting the fish population and hence results in a decline of productivity rate. River Kabul is a transcountry river originating at Paghman province in Afghanistan and inters in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan and it is the major source of irrigation and more than 54 fish species have been reported in the river. Present study aimed at the estimation of heavy metals load in the fish living in River Kabul. Heavy metals including chromium, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium, and lead were determined through atomic absorption spectrophotometer after tissue digestion by adopting standard procedures. Concentrations of these metals were recorded in muscles and liver of five native fish species, namely,Wallago attu,Aorichthys seenghala,Cyprinus carpio,Labeo dyocheilus, andOmpok bimaculatus. The concentrations of chromium, nickel, copper, zinc, and lead were higher in both of the tissues, whereas the concentration of cadmium was comparatively low. However, the concentration of metals was exceeding the RDA (Recommended Dietary Allowance of USA) limits. Hence, continuous fish consumption may create health problems for the consumers. The results of the present study are alarming and suggest implementing environmental laws and initiation of a biomonitoring program of the river.

Heavy-Metal Contamination by Atmospheric Fallout of Several Flin Flon Area Lakes and the Relation to Fish Populations

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 899-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Van Loon ◽  
R. J. Beamish
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Atmospheric Fallout ◽  
High Zinc ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Flin Flon ◽  
High Concentrations

High concentrations of zinc and other heavy metals were found in lakes in the immediate vicinity of the Flin Flon smelters. In a study of 31 lakes, 7 had Zn levels above 100 μg/ℓ, 6 had levels between 50 and 100 μg/ℓ, and the remainder had concentrations < 50 μg/ℓ. The accuracy and precision of the heavy metal chemical analyses were evaluated using intercomparisons with other laboratories and a standard reference water. A linear relationship was demonstrated between log10 concentration of Zn, Cu, and SO42− and log10 distance from the smelter, suggesting atmospheric fallout as the main source of these substances in the lakes. Fishes were more tolerant of these high zinc concentrations than would be expected on the basis of the responses of fish and other aquatic organisms to similar concentrations of zinc in some laboratory toxicity tests. Key words: heavy metals, zinc, atmospheric fallout, fish toxicity, lake contamination, chemical analysis, Flin Flon, Canada

Biology of Philometroides huronensis (Nematoda: Dracunculoidea) in the white sucker (Catostomus commersoni)

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 1430-1441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie S. Uhazy
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Lake Huron ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Pleistocene Glaciation ◽  
White Sucker ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
One Year ◽  
Gravid Females

White suckers (Catostomus commersoni (Lacépède)) collected from various locations in southern Ontario were examined for Philometroides huronensis Uhazy, 1976. Stages of the parasite were recovered from the peritoneum around the swim bladder, bases of the fins, and the fins. Prevalence of infections was high and intensities relatively low. The parasite was less prevalent in longnose (Catostomus catostomus (Forster)) and redhorse (Moxostoma macrolepidotum (LeSucur)) suckers collected from the same area.Males, female fourth-stage larvae, uninseminated. inseminated, subgravid, and gravid females were recovered from fish collected from southern Lake Huron. Prevalence was 83 to 100% throughout the year and showed no significant seasonal trend. Numbers of worms recovered ranged from 1 to 32 per fish; 77% were infected with from 1 to 7 worms. Intensities of infections varied significantly with season, being highest during fall, winter, and early spring. All age groups of white suckers were infected; however, intensity did not vary significantly with host age. Although P. huronensis was highly prevalent throughout the year and from one year to the next, the life cycle was completed in a single year.The evolution of three valid species in the Philometrinae from the white sucker in North America is proposed, based on the evidence that before Pleistocene glaciation there were three separate forms of white sucker.

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