Percids of Lake Constance, a Lake Undergoing Eutrophication

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1670-1677 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hartmann ◽  
W. Nümann
Keyword(s):  
Growth Yield ◽  
Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Lake Constance ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Age Composition ◽  
Perch Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
The Status ◽  
Stizostedion Lucioperca ◽  
Growth Distribution

A review of literature suggested that yield of Eurasian perch, Perca fluviatilis, in Lake Constance was greatest with moderate eutrophication. During eutrophication (1950–76), changes also took place in food, growth, distribution, and diseases of perch. Differences in perch between Lake Constance and other German or Alpine lakes of various degrees of eutrophy were found with respect to growth, yield, the relation of growth to yield, food, and the relation of food to growth. Similarities were apparent for perch in these lakes in terms of their age composition, age at maturity, and mortality. Only limited data were available for pikeperch, Stizostedion lucioperca, mainly on stocking success, yield, and growth. The status of percids in Lake Constance indicates that eutrophication has led to conditions favoring percids. Key words: Percidae, Lake Constance limnology, eutrophication, yield, Perca fluviatilis, food, growth, distribution, disease, Stizostedion lucioperca

Changes in Fish Community of Klíčava Reservoir with Particular Reference to Eurasian Perch (Perca fluviatilis), 1957–72

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1734-1747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juraj Holčík
Keyword(s):  
Fish Community ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Northern Pike ◽  
Zooplankton Biomass ◽  
Fish Biomass ◽  
Biomass Density ◽  
Eurasian Perch ◽  
Perch Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Stizostedion Lucioperca

Soon after the 1955 filling of the 60 ha mesotrophic Klíčava Reservoir in Czechoslovakia, the fish fauna started to change. Generally, lithophils were replaced by phytophils and then by ecologically more plastic species. Fish biomass increased in the first 12 yr from 65 to 236 kg/ha, but after 1967 dropped to about 170 kg/ha. Increased biomass and density of piscivores were responsible for the decline. Among the piscivores the most important role was played by the pikeperch (Stizostedion lucioperca) rather than the Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis) or northern pike (Esox lucius). Cyclical changes in the age structure of the perch population and the periodical occurrence of many young resulted from fluctuations in the rate of cannibalism, which affected the density of the fry and yearlings. A decline in zooplankton biomass and disappearance of larger zooplankters in the first 5–6 yr of the reservoir were due to increased density of fish, especially perch, which fed on zooplankton. Synchronous predation by piscivores and zooplanktivores produced a nearly stable zooplankton biomass in the later years of the reservoir. The perch is a highly specialized species which behaves in the fish community more or less autonomously, because it is able to control its own density in accord with its food resources. The above conclusions are based on a literature review and analyses of new data. Key words: Percidae, community ecology, Perca, biomass, density, production, predation

Effects of Exploitation, Introductions, and Eutrophication on Percids in Lake Balaton

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1678-1683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Péter Biró
Keyword(s):  
Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Anguilla Anguilla ◽  
Nonnative Species ◽  
Lake Balaton ◽  
Abramis Brama ◽  
Bream Abramis Brama ◽  
Perch Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Exploitation Rate ◽  
Maximum Sustained Yield ◽  
Stizostedion Lucioperca

Percid populations in Lake Balaton have undergone changes which are considered to have been caused by individual or combined effects of overfishing, interspecific competition from nonnative species, and loadings of nutrients and pesticides. Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis) has almost disappeared and the ruffe (Gymnocephalus cernua) population is declining, probably as a result of competition from the eel (Anguilla anguilla) and effects of cultural eutrophication. Growth rate of pikeperch (Stizostedion lucioperca) is declining while that of the bream (Abramis brama) is increasing. Production of cyprinids has increased up to 10% in recent years, apparently in response to accelerated eutrophication. The exploitation rate of pikeperch is far in excess of that considered necessary for maximum sustained yield. The environment in the most eutrophic part of the lake is now considered to be unfavourable for pikeperch. Key words: Percidae, Stizostedion, Perca, Gymnocephalus, exploitation, eutrophication, introductions, ruffe, Lake Balaton

A Review of Pikeperch (Stizostedion lucioperca), Eurasian Perch (Perca fluviatilis), and Ruff (Gymnocephalus cernua) in Finland

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1684-1695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esko A. Lind
Keyword(s):  
Brackish Water ◽  
Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Environmental Toxins ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Eurasian Perch ◽  
Perch Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Color Yield ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
Distribution Water ◽  
Stizostedion Lucioperca

Three percids occur in Finland: the Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis), the pikeperch (Stizostedion lucioperca), and the ruff (Gymnocephalus cernua). Perch occur throughout Finland, whereas ruff and pikeperch show a more southerly distribution. The pikeperch prefers lakes of medium or large area and the perch small lakes. A negative correlation was found between the size of the population of the perch and the number of fish species present. The growth rate for all species is higher in brackish water than in freshwater, and also has been higher in recent than earlier years.The correlation between the intensity of color of the water and the percentage of predaceous fish in catches, perch and pikeperch included, is negative. Perch lived longer in ponds with dark water than in those with clear and eutrophic waters. Ruff and small perch are typically prey species, while the pikeperch is a major predator.The environmental toxins cadmium, lead, DDT, and PCBs were found in only slight concentrations in percids. Highest concentrations of mercury were found in fish taken from waters near the main sites of the cellulose industry. Concentrations in the percids have decreased since 1968 due to the reduction in mercury output.Catches of pikeperch from freshwater showed a decrease and those from brackish water an increase during 1953–73. Perch catches have increased. Key words: Percidae, Finnish percids, Stizostedion, Perca, Gymnocephalus, life history, environmental toxins, heavy metals, distribution, water color, yield

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