Effect of Diets Containing Dogfish (Squalus acanthias) Meal on the Mercury Content and Growth of Pen-Reared Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1771-1778 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Spinelli ◽  
Conrad Mahnken
Keyword(s):  
Chelating Agents ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Orange Peel ◽  
Mercury Content ◽  
Squalus Acanthias ◽  
Polygalacturonic Acid ◽  
Complete Replacement ◽  
Naturally Occurring

The use of dogfish (Squalus acanthias) meal as a complete replacement for herring or other low mercury (Hg) content fish meal in rations intended for rearing cultured salmon introduces the risk of producing fish that exceed the current U.S. FDA tolerance level of 0.5 ppm Hg. The amount of Hg that accumulates in the muscle is related not only to the total Hg content of the fish, but is probably also related to the form in which it is present in the diet and to other constituents that may react with the Hg in the diet. Our results indicate that dogfish meal may be used as a partial (< 50%) replacement for the fish meal portion of the diet without encountering Hg values (in the muscle) that exceed 0.5 ppm Hg. No evidence was found that naturally occurring chelating agents in dehydrated orange peel or polygalacturonic acid–cellulose complexes (PG) have the ability to chelate and prevent the deposition of Hg in either the muscle or the liver of the fish. It was observed that growth is decreased in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) fed OMP-type diets in which 50% or more of herring meal was replaced with dogfish meal.

Effects of fish meal- and fish oil-free diets on growth responses and fatty acid composition of juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)

Aquaculture ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 360-361 ◽  
pp. 69-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald G. Twibell ◽  
Ann L. Gannam ◽  
Nathan M. Hyde ◽  
John S.A. Holmes ◽  
Jeff B. Poole
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Growth Responses

Sublethal Responses of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) to Suspended Sediments

1992 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 1389-1395 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Servizi ◽  
Dennis W. Martens
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Suspended Sediments ◽  
Fraser River ◽  
Cough Frequency ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Sugar Levels

Underyearling coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) were exposed to sublethal concentrations of Fraser River suspended sediments (SS) in the laboratory. Comparisons with other rivers indicated that Fraser River sediments caused the lowest turbidity for a given SS value. Blood sugar levels (y) were elevated and directly proportional to SS exposure (x) according to y = 5.79 + 4.23(x). Published blood sugar data for adult sockeye salmon (O. nerka) exposed to Fraser River SS were in agreement with the linear relationship for underyearling coho. Cough frequency was elevated approximately eightfold over control levels at 0.24 g SS∙L−1. No increase in cough frequency was observed at 0.02 g SS∙L−1. Avoidance was defined by movement to the surface to escape higher SS at depth. Mean avoidance (y) was related to SS by y = 0.077 + 4.457(x) − 1.547(x2) + 0.202(x3). Mean avoidance was less than 5% up to the inflection point at 2.55 g SS∙L−1 but rose to approximately 25% at 7.0 g SS∙L−1. Laboratory results indicated that sublethal responses could be expected at naturally occurring SS levels in the Fraser River.

Electrophysiological Studies of Morpholine-Imprinted Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri)

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 688-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon C. Cooper ◽  
Arthur D. Hasler
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Paired Group ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Data Support ◽  
Electrophysiological Studies

Two groups of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) were exposed to a 5 × 10−5 mg/liter concentration of a synthetic chemical, morpholine, for 4 wk during the smolting period, while two corresponding groups were left unexposed (controls). All groups were marked by finclipping and stocked into Lake Michigan near the mouth of Oak Creek (South Milwaukee, Wisconsin). A second series of exposed and unexposed salmon was released 13 km north of Oak Creek. Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) were tested in a similar experiment.Homing salmonids were censused and then used in physiological experiments. Electroencephalographic studies showed significantly greater responses by the experimental (exposed) compared to control fish to 1% morpholine (P ≤ 0.001 − 0.05) and by one paired group to a stream sample scented with morpholine (about 10−3 mg/liter morpholine P ≤ 0.01). Responses to morpholine were specific in that another chemical similar to it did not elicit responses. These data support the olfactory hypothesis that salmon may imprint to naturally occurring homestream odors in the same way as they do to morpholine.

Induced ovulation in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). I. Further studies on the use of salmon pituitary preparations

Aquaculture ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 26 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 117-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
George A. Hunter ◽  
Edward M. Donaldson ◽  
Helen M. Dye
Keyword(s):  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Induced Ovulation

Physiological Response of Juvenile Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri) to Handling and Crowding Stress in Intensive Fish Culture

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 2699-2702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary A. Wedemeyer
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Fish Distribution ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Crowding Stress ◽  
Normal Feeding ◽  
Intensive Fish Culture

Moving 4–5-in. coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) held in soft (20 ppm CaCO3) water from the relatively light loading density of 0.5 lb/ft3 to 1, 2, or 4 lb/ft3 (density index, DI = 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8) caused significant stress as indicated by loss of feeding behavior, but only minimal physiological disturbances, as indicated by lack of hyperglycemia or hypochloremia. However, moving them to 6 or 12 lb/ft3 (DI = 1.2, 2.4) caused significant physiological stress which required at least a week for recovery. Smolting coho salmon were physiologically stressed by population densities of 1 lb/ft3 or more and a subclinical corynebacterial kidney infection was activated. Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) (4–5 in.) were physiologically stressed when moved and held at 1 lb/ft3 or more but retained normal feeding behavior. This indicates that handling and crowding stress will be minimized in softwater areas if densities in fish distribution trucks or in ponds or raceways during disease treatments are held to 0.1–0.5 lb/gal.

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