Increased Opercular Rates of Pink Salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) Fry after Exposure to the Water-Soluble Fraction of Prudhoe Bay Crude Oil

1975 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 2221-2224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Thomas ◽  
Stanley D. Rice
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Pink Salmon ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha ◽  
Pink Salmon Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha ◽  
Water Soluble Fraction ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Prudhoe Bay ◽  
Sublethal Concentrations

The opercular rates of pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) fry were measured during 24-h exposure to sublethal concentrations of the water-soluble fraction of Prudhoe Bay crude oil. Opercular rates increased significantly for as long as 9 and 12 h after exposure to water-soluble fractions prepared from oil–water solutions of 2.83 and 3.46 ppm. The increases in rates were proportional to increases in dose. Recording changes in opercular rates appears to be a suitable method for detecting sublethal physiological effects of stress, because the observed changes occurred at approximately 20% of the 96 h-LC50.

Survival of pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) fry to adulthood following a 10-day exposure to the aromatic hydrocarbon water-soluble fraction of crude oil and release to the Pacific Ocean

1999 ◽  
Vol 56 (11) ◽  
pp. 2087-2098 ◽  
Author(s):  
I K Birtwell ◽  
R Fink ◽  
D Brand ◽  
R Alexander ◽  
C D McAllister
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Pink Salmon ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha ◽  
Pink Salmon Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha ◽  
Water Soluble Fraction ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

Saltwater-acclimated, coded-wire tagged, and adipose fin clipped pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) fry were exposed for 10 days to seawater (control) or 25-54 μg·L-1 (low dose) or 178-349 μg·L-1 (high dose) of the water-soluble fraction (WSF) of North Slope crude oil. The WSF was composed primarily of monoaromatics and was acutely lethal to the fry: 96-h LC50 ranged from 1 to 2.8 mg·L-1. After exposure the fry (30 000 per treatment) were released into the Pacific Ocean to complete their life cycle. The experiment was replicated in 1990, 1991, and 1992. There was no consistent significant dose-dependent effect of the 10-day exposure to the crude oil WSF on growth of the pink salmon prior to their release. Adult pink salmon from this experiment were captured in fisheries and also recovered from their natal Quinsam River, British Columbia. Pink salmon from each treatment group were recovered in similar numbers. Exposure of populations of fry to the WSF of crude oil and release to the Pacfic Ocean did not result in a detectable effect on their survival to maturity. Fry from all treatment groups incurred typically high mortality following release, and there were no discernible effects on survival that were attributable to exposure to the WSF of crude oil.

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