Modelling Primary Production in Water Bodies: A Numerical Approach that Allows Vertical Inhomogeneities

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1469-1473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Everett J. Fee
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Algal Biomass ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Light Responses ◽  
Phytoplankton Primary Production ◽  
Basic Approach ◽  
Mathematical Solution ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
Vertical Variations

A new model for computing integral daily phytoplankton primary production is described. The model incorporates vertical variations of algal biomass, complex photosynthesis vs. light responses, nonexponential extinction of light vs. depth, and any distribution of surface light over a day. The basic approach is to combine measured relations for photosynthetic rate vs. light, light vs. depth, and light vs. time in an interpolative scheme rather than attempting to fit equations to the data and using the resulting equations to obtain a mathematical solution. The model is general and should have wide applicability. Model predictions agreed well with in situ measurements of production.

scholarly journals Spatio-Temporal Variability of Phytoplankton Primary Production in Baltic Lakes Using Sentinel-3 OLCI Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2415
Author(s):  
Tuuli Soomets ◽  
Kristi Uudeberg ◽  
Kersti Kangro ◽  
Dainis Jakovels ◽  
Agris Brauns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Phytoplankton Primary Production ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Lake Size

Phytoplankton primary production (PP) in lakes play an important role in the global carbon cycle. However, monitoring the PP in lakes with traditional complicated and costly in situ sampling methods are impossible due to the large number of lakes worldwide (estimated to be 117 million lakes). In this study, bio-optical modelling and remote sensing data (Sentinel-3 Ocean and Land Colour Instrument) was combined to investigate the spatial and temporal variation of PP in four Baltic lakes during 2018. The model used has three input parameters: concentration of chlorophyll-a, the diffuse attenuation coefficient, and incident downwelling irradiance. The largest of our studied lakes, Võrtsjärv (270 km2), had the highest total yearly estimated production (61 Gg C y−1) compared to the smaller lakes Lubans (18 Gg C y−1) and Razna (7 Gg C y−1). However, the most productive was the smallest studied, Lake Burtnieks (40.2 km2); although the total yearly production was 13 Gg C y−1, the daily average areal production was 910 mg C m−2 d−1 in 2018. Even if lake size plays a significant role in the total PP of the lake, the abundance of small and medium-sized lakes would sum up to a significant contribution of carbon fixation. Our method is applicable to larger regions to monitor the spatial and temporal variability of lake PP.

scholarly journals Comparison of Satellite, Model, and In Situ Values of Photosynthetically Available Radiation (PAR)

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard W. Gould ◽  
Dong S. Ko ◽  
Sherwin D. Ladner ◽  
T. Adam Lawson ◽  
Clinton P. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Atmospheric Model ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Photosynthetically Available Radiation ◽  
Ecosystem Models ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
Ocean Color Imagery ◽  
Relative Errors ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Analyses

AbstractPhotosynthetically available radiation (PAR) incident at the sea surface penetrates into the water column and drives oceanic primary production. Ecosystem models to estimate phytoplankton biomass and primary production require an estimate of sea surface PAR, which is available from satellite ocean color imagery and atmospheric model predictions. Because the PAR values could come from either source, it is important to understand the variability and accuracies of each. We performed spatial and temporal analyses covering multiple years and seasons, and clear/cloudy conditions. We compare values derived from the imagery to those from the models and to in situ measurements in the Gulf of Mexico to validate the imagery and models and to assess PAR variability based on source. Averaged over space or time, the relative errors in PAR between the six sources (two satellite, three model, and in situ) are generally less than 5%–7%, but they can vary up to 11%. However, the errors and biases on a daily or pixel-by-pixel basis are larger, and the averages can mask seasonal trends.

scholarly journals Preliminary Investigation on Phytoplankton Dynamics and Primary Production Models in an Oligotrophic Lake from Remote Sensing Measurements

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5072
Author(s):  
Ilaria Cesana ◽  
Mariano Bresciani ◽  
Sergio Cogliati ◽  
Claudia Giardino ◽  
Remika Gupana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Phytoplankton Primary Production ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Production Models ◽  
Solar Noon ◽  
Lake Waters

The aim of this study is to test a series of methods relying on hyperspectral measurements to characterize phytoplankton in clear lake waters. The phytoplankton temporal evolutions were analyzed exploiting remote sensed indices and metrics linked to the amount of light reaching the target (EPAR), the chlorophyll-a concentration ([Chl-a]OC4) and the fluorescence emission proxy. The latter one evaluated by an adapted version of the Fluorescence Line Height algorithm (FFLH). A peculiar trend was observed around the solar noon during the clear sky days. It is characterized by a drop of the FFLH metric and the [Chl-a]OC4 index. In addition to remote sensed parameters, water samples were also collected and analyzed to characterize the water body and to evaluate the in-situ fluorescence (FF) and absorbed light (FA). The relations between the remote sensed quantities and the in-situ values were employed to develop and test several phytoplankton primary production (PP) models. Promising results were achieved replacing the FA by the EPAR or FFLH in the equation evaluating a PP proxy (R2 > 0.65). This study represents a preliminary outcome supporting the PP monitoring in inland waters by means of remote sensing-based indices and fluorescence metrics.

Dynamics of Lake Michigan Phytoplankton: Primary Production and Growth

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary L Fahnenstiel ◽  
Donald Scavia
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Thermal Stratification ◽  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Daily Production ◽  
Model Estimate ◽  
Phytoplankton Primary Production ◽  
Net Production ◽  
Assimilation Number

Primary production was measured with the 14C technique during May through July–August 1982–84. 14C experiments varied from short-term incubations (1–2 h) in a photosynthesis–irradiance (P–I) chamber to 24-h in situ incubations. The maximum assimilation number from six P–I experiments during thermal stratification averaged 2.1 mg C∙mg Chl−1∙h−1 which agreed well with estimates from the 1970s. Chlorophyll-corrected P–I curves were combined with incident irradiation, chlorophyll concentrations, and extinction coefficients to estimate daily production (model estimate). Summer average integral production estimates in 1983 and 1984 were 615–630 mg C∙m−2∙d−1. Approximately 50% of summer primary production occurred below the epilimnion. Daily model production estimates were higher than 24-h in situ estimates at light intensities above Ik, the light saturation parameter, and similar at intensities below Ik. Comparisons of production estimates converted to growth rates suggest that 24-h in situ estimates provide a measure close to net production whereas model estimates provide a measure greater than net production. Summer epilimnetic growth rate estimates were low (range 0.06–0.60∙d−1), reflecting the limited availability of phosphorus.

ENERGY TRANSFER EFFICIENCIES ON LOWER TROPHIC LEVELS WITH INTENSIVE OYSTER FARMING IN HIROSHIMA BAY, JAPAN

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Umehara ◽  
Akira Umehara ◽  
Satoshi Asaoka ◽  
Satoshi Asaoka ◽  
Naoki Fujii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
Skeletonema Costatum ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Phytoplankton Primary Production ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Hiroshima Prefecture ◽  
Study Species

In enclosed water areas, organic matters are actively produced by phytoplankton due to abundant nutrient supply from the rivers. In our study area of the semi-enclosed Hiroshima Bay, oyster farming consuming high primary production has been developed since the 1950s, and the oyster production of Hiroshima prefecture have had the largest market share (ca. 60%) in Japan. In this study, species composition of phytoplankton, primary production, and secondary production of net zooplanktons and oysters were determined seasonally at seven stations in the bay between November 2014 and August 2015. In the bay, diatoms including Skeletonema costatum dominated during the period of the study. The primary productions markedly increased during summer (August), and its mean values in the northern part of the bay (NB) and the southern part (SB) were 530 and 313 mgC/m2/d, respectively. The productions of net zooplankton and oyster increased during the warm season, and its mean values in the NB were 14 and 1.2 mgC/m2/d, and in SB were 28 and 0.9 mgC/m2/d, respectively. The energy transfer efficiencies from the primary producers to the secondary producers in the NB and SB were 2.8% and 9.1%, respectively. However, the transfer efficiency to the oysters was approximately 0.3% in the bay. This study clearly showed the spatial difference of the productions and transfer efficiencies, and the low contribution of the production of oysters in secondary productions in Hiroshima Bay.

The Influence of Phytoplankton Primary Production on the Cycle of Biogenic Elements in the Coastal Waters off Sevastopol, Black Sea

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. N. Egorov ◽  
V. N. Popovichev ◽  
S. B. Gulin ◽  
N. I. Bobko ◽  
N. Yu. Rodionova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Biogenic Elements ◽  
Phytoplankton Primary Production

Seasonal and vertical variations in phytoplankton photosynthetic parameters and primary production in Suruga Bay, Japan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Yoshikawa ◽  
Rumi Sohrin ◽  
Yumiko Obayashi ◽  
Hiroyuki Matsuura ◽  
Jun Nishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Suruga Bay ◽  
Vertical Variations

In situ assessment of the daily primary production of the temperate symbiotic coral Cladocora caespitosa

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 1409-1418 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ferrier-Pagès ◽  
F. Gevaert ◽  
S. Reynaud ◽  
E. Beraud ◽  
D. Menu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Cladocora Caespitosa ◽  
In Situ Assessment
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