Oxygen Consumption of Adult Petromyzon marinus in Relation to Body Weight and Temperature

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 1367-1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. H. Beamish
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
Active Oxygen ◽  
Fixed Weight ◽  
Proportionate Change ◽  
The Mean

The logarithm of standard oxygen consumption of adult Petromyzon marinus increased linearly with the logarithm of weight at each of 5, 10, and 15 C. The proportionate change in standard oxygen consumption for a given change in temperature was independent of size, the mean regression coefficient being 0.949. Standard oxygen consumption for a sea lamprey of fixed weight increased from 52.7 to 124.0 mg/kg per hr over the range 5–20 C with the greatest changes occurring between 10–15 C, 64.5–114.3 mg/kg per hr. Active oxygen consumption was estimated for a few individuals at 10 C and found to be 475.5 mg/kg per hr, within the range reported for teleosts.

Sex Ratios and Lengths of Adult Sea Lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) from a Lake Ontario Tributary

1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. C. Potter ◽  
F. W. H. Beamish ◽  
B. G. H. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Narrow Range ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Lake Ontario ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Sea Lampreys ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Humber River

The mean lengths of adult males and females of the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) migrating into the Humber River from Lake Ontario in each of the years 1968–1972 varied little, and were similar to those found by other workers in recently established populations in the upper lakes. In contrast, the ratio of males to females, which lay within the narrow range of 1:1 to 1.26:1, was similar to those reported for long-established populations.

RESPIRATION OF FISHES WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON STANDARD OXYGEN CONSUMPTION: I. INFLUENCE OF WEIGHT AND TEMPERATURE ON RESPIRATION OF GOLDFISH, CARASSIUS AURATUS L.

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. H. Beamish ◽  
P. S. Mookherjii
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Carassius Auratus ◽  
Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽  
Simultaneous Measurements ◽  
Proportionate Change ◽  
Rate Of Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Standard Rate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
External Stimuli

Standard oxygen consumption of goldfish was estimated in relation to weight and temperature from simultaneous measurements of routine oxygen uptake and spontaneous activity. The relation between weight and standard oxygen consumption was expressed as a logarithmic linear regression. For a given shift in temperature, the proportionate change in standard oxygen consumption appears to be independent of weight. The mean slope of the regressions was found to be 0.850.The standard rate of a 100-g goldfish increased linearly, on a semilogarithmic grid, over the temperature range of 10 to 35 °C. The estimates found in the present study were less than the lowest applicable values that could be found in the literature.The average routine rate of oxygen consumption suggests that goldfish display a considerable amount of spontaneous activity despite the elimination of external stimuli.

Voluntary food intake in relation to body weight among British breeds of cattle

1986 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
St C. S. Taylor ◽  
A. J. Moore ◽  
R. B. Thiessen
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Natural Logarithm ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Voluntary Food Intake

ABSTRACTVoluntary food intake and body weight were examined over 4-week intervals between 14 and 70 weeks of age in 306 females from 25 British breeds of cattle. At each age, the relationship of the natural logarithm of voluntary food intake to that of body weight was examined by linear regression both within and between breeds.Of the total variation in voluntary food intake, the proportion accounted for by body weight was extremely high between breeds (phenotypically, 0·80 or more; genetically 0·88 or more, at most ages) but phenotypically low within breeds (0·33 or less). The mean voluntary intake of a breed at any age could be predicted from its mean body weight at the same age with a coefficient of variation (CV) among breeds that declined with age from 0·08 to 0·04. Within breeds, the corresponding CV for individual intake was between 0·12 and 0·15 beyond 9 months of age, and even higher at early ages.Within breeds, the regression coefficient of log intake on log body weight was close to the value of 0·7 at all ages. Between breeds, it was over 0·8 at early ages, declining to about 0·7 beyond 1 year of age. Thus, genetically larger breeds voluntarily consumed relatively more food at early ages compared with later ages. Breed size should therefore be taken into account when recommending food intake requirements. Breed deviations for high and low appetite are discussed.

Interrelationships between Blood Pressure, Blood Gases and Plasma Acetate Concentrations during Conventional Hemodialysis

1982 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 357-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Cannella ◽  
G. Cancarini ◽  
S. De Marinis ◽  
V. Maccagnola ◽  
S. Tosoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Blood Gases ◽  
Partial Regression ◽  
Partial Regression Coefficient ◽  
Physiological Relevance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Conventional Hemodialysis

To determine to what extent the intradialysis changes in blood pressure (BP) are related to the variations in blood gases and plasma acetate concentrations (plAc), 11 dialysed uremics were studied with measurement of plAc, pH, pCO2 and pO2 every 60’ during a hemodialysis lasting 4 hrs. Dialysis resulted in significant decreases in the BP, pO2 and pCO2 and in significant increases in pH and plAc. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that the Δ% for the mean BP was closely related to plAc, pCO2 and Δ− % of body weight (BW). Partial regression coefficient indicated the following rank order of correlation: plAc > pCO2 ≥ Δ−% BW > pO2 = O, thus demonstrating that the fall in blood pressure is related both to the increase in plAc and the decrease in pCO2. The physiological relevance of these relationships is discussed. The hypothesis is advanced that the pCO2 decrease during dialysis might contribute to the acetate-induced vascular instability.

Metamorphosis of the Landlocked Sea Lamprey, Petromyzon marinus

1970 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1735-1746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick J. Manion ◽  
Thomas M. Stauffer
Keyword(s):  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Mouth Region ◽  
Total Length ◽  
The Mean

The external metamorphosis of the sea lamprey was divided into four stages, based primarily on the condition of the mouth: mouth reduced, mouth fused, mouth enclosed, and mouth elongated. During metamorphosis, the eye enlarged greatly, the snout and mouth region changed from a fleshy hood enclosing a sieve apparatus to a large sucking disc, the nasopore membrane and the branchial area shrank, the branchiopores changed in shape, the general color changed from dark brown and yellow to an intense blue-black dorsally and white ventrally, and the total length increased. Metamorphosis began in early to mid-July and did not take place after August. The duration of external metamorphosis was about 3 months for lampreys transforming under natural conditions. The mean lengths of metamorphosing lampreys from tributaries of lakes Superior and Michigan were 145 and 136 mm, respectively.

Respiration of Lampreys

1980 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 1711-1722 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Active Oxygen ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Gill Area ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Ventilation Rates ◽  
Sexually Mature

In lampreys, though the gross morphology of the branchial chamber and the method of ventilating the gills are radically different from that found in gnathostomes, the total gill area of larval (1462–2717 mm2∙g−1) and adult (1402–2337 mm2∙g−1) lampreys, the ultrastructure of the gills, and the thickness of the water–blood barrier are similar to active teleosts. The standard rates of oxygen consumption of ammocoetes are low, values for medium-sized Ichthyomyzon hubbsi ranging from 18.1 μL∙g−1∙h−1 at 3.5 °C to 90.1 μL∙g−1∙h−1 at 22.5 °C. The consumption rates increase during metamorphosis rising in Lampetra fluviatilis held at 10 °C from 29.3 to 60.4 μL∙g−1∙h−1, and at the same time a circadian rhythm of consumption develops; maximum rates occur in the dark. Adult lampreys have consumption rates ranging from 66.1 μL∙g−1∙h−1 in L. fluviatilis to 36.9 μL∙g−1∙h−1 in Petromyzon marinus, and Q10's in the temperature range 5–15 °C are from 1.6 to 4.83. Sexually mature males of L. planeri and L. fluviatilis have higher metabolic rates than the females. The active oxygen consumption of P. marinus at 332.5 μL∙g−1∙h−1 is within the range reported for teleosts. Resting ventilation rates are higher in adults than ammocoetes and reach maximum values in sexually mature spawning males. Hypoxia results in an increase in the ventilation and heart rates.Key words: lampreys, respiration; gills, morphology; oxygen consumption, sexual maturity, ventilation rates

scholarly journals Oxygen Consumption and Cell Size. A Comparison of the Rate of Oxygen Consumption of Diploid and Triploid Prepupae of Drosophila Melanogaster Meigen

1953 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. ELLENBY
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Rate Of Oxygen Consumption ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

1. The oxygen consumption and surface area of individual diploid and triploid prepupae of Drosophila melanogaster have been measured, the cells of triploid animals being larger. 2. The mean weights for the types examined are different but their ranges overlap almost completely. By covariance analysis it is shown that, after adjustment for difference in body size, there are no differences in the rates of oxygen consumption. It is concluded that, for these animals, cell size has no influence on the rate of oxygen consumption. 3. The relationships between body weight, surface area, and oxygen consumption have been further investigated. It is shown that, despite the greater inaccuracy of the method by which surface area is determined, oxygen consumption can be predicted more accurately from surface area than from body weight. 4. The results are discussed in relation to an earlier investigation of the oxygen consumption of other genotypes (Ellenby, 1945 a, b). Possible technical causes of certain differences between the two series of results in the relationship of oxygen consumption and body weight are explored; it is concluded, however, that they are almost certainly due to differences, not necessarily genetical, between the animals used in the two series.

RESPIRATION OF FISHES WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON STANDARD OXYGEN CONSUMPTION: II. INFLUENCE OF WEIGHT AND TEMPERATURE ON RESPIRATION OF SEVERAL SPECIES

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. H. Beamish
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
White Sucker ◽  
Brown Bullhead ◽  
Ictalurus Nebulosus ◽  
Proportionate Change ◽  
Standard Rate ◽  
The Mean

Standard oxygen consumption, as estimated by simultaneously measuring spontaneous activity and oxygen consumption, for five species of freshwater fishes, was measured in relation to weight and temperature. The fish studied were brown trout, Sulmo trutta; brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis; common white sucker, Catostomus commersonii; brown bullhead, Ictalurus nebulosus; and carp, Cyprinus carpio. When expressed on a logarithmic grid, standard oxygen uptake increased linearly with weight for all species. The proportionate change in standard oxygen consumption for a given change in temperature appears to be independent of size within each species. The mean slope values of the regressions found for brown trout, brook trout, common white sucker, brown bullhead, and carp are 0.877, 1.052, 0.864, 0.925, and 0.894, respectively.The standard rates of oxygen consumption found in the present investigation are less in most cases than the lowest applicable values that could be found in the literature.Spontaneous activity, expressed in terms of average oxygen consumption over the standard rate, varied with temperature. Maximum spontaneous activity for a given species coincided roughly with its preferendum temperature.

Oxygen Consumption of Prepupae of Drosophila Melanogaster Meigen, in Relation to the Surface Area of the Puparium

1945 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
C. ELLENBY
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

1. A method is described by means of which the surface area of puparia of Drosophila melanogaster may be measured. 2. Measurement of almost 200 puparia showed that the relationship between surface area, per mg., and body weight could best be expressed in the form of the equation S=7.7049-2.1099X, where S=surface area, sq. mm. per mg. wet weight, for prepupae of mean wet weight X mg. As the standard error of estimate, ±0.117, is equal to only 2.2% of the mean surface area per mg., the surface area can be accurately estimated from the wet weight. 3. The prepupal oxygen consumption, per mg. wet weight, is shown to decrease steadily with increasing body weight; with an increase in mean wet weight from 0.847 to 1.700 mg., the oxygen consumption, per mg., decreases by about 50%. 4. Utilizing the above regression equation, the surface area of prepupae of known oxygen consumption was estimated and thus the oxygen consumption per sq. mm. of body surface. These values show no significant variation with increasing body weight, so that it can be concluded that the oxygen consumption of prepupae of D. melanogaster is proportional to the surface area.

Body oxygen consumption and pulmonary ventilation in obese subjects

1965 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert I. White ◽  
James K. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Total Body

Postabsorptive body oxygen consumption (Vo2) and pulmonary minute ventilation (Ve) were measured 164 times in 109 very obese subjects at rest. A statistically significant relationship was found between Vo2 and total body weight. The correlation coefficients for the relationships between Ve and total body weight and Ve and body surface area were less significant. The mean calculated basal metabolic rate was within normal limits. The mean values for Vo2 in the obese subjects were considerably higher than those predicted at ideal weight, while the mean values for oxygen consumption per kilogram body weight were lower than those reported in normal subjects. The mean percentage increase in oxygen consumption per kilogram excess weight (ΔVo2/Δ kg) approached the value for percentage of cell mass in excess weight, suggesting that ΔVo2/Δ kg may be a function of the increment in cell mass with obesity. Similarly, since basal metabolic rate remained unchanged, proportionate increments in body surface area and cell mass appeared to occur with the development of obesity. obesity tissue, oxygen consumption Submitted on April 3, 1964

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