Acute and Chronic Toxicity of Cadmium to the Fathead Minnow (Pimephales promelas)

1972 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 1099-1106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quentin H. Pickering ◽  
Marion H. Gast
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Chronic Toxicity ◽  
Fathead Minnow ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Pimephales Promelas ◽  
Acute And Chronic Toxicity ◽  
Toxicant Concentration ◽  
Acute Bioassays

Two continuous-flow bioassays on the chronic toxicity of cadmium to the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas Rafinesque) indicated that the maximum acceptable toxicant concentration (MATC) for this species is between 57 and 37 μg Cd/liter. The experimental concentration of 57 μg Cd/liter decreased survival of the developing embryos, the embryos being the most sensitive life stage. At lower concentrations of 37 to 4.5 μg Cd/liter, no adverse effect on survival, growth, or reproduction was found. Application factors based on the acute bioassays are discussed in relation to the great variation in toxicity values.

Chronic Toxicity of Copper to the Fathead Minnow (Pimephales promelas) in Soft Water

1969 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2449-2457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald I. Mount ◽  
Charles E. Stephan
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Toxicity ◽  
Fathead Minnow ◽  
Pimephales Promelas ◽  
Soft Water ◽  
Toxicant Concentration ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

The maximum acceptable toxicant concentration of copper for the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas, Rafinesque) in water having an EDTA hardness of 30 mg/liter (as CaCO3) was found to be between 0.13 and 0.22 of the 96-hr TLm value, using survival, growth, and reproduction to evaluate effect. In an earlier study the application factor for copper in water with an EDTA hardness of 200 mg/liter (as CaCO3) was found to be between 0.03 and 0.08 for the same species. Suggestions are made that should increase the accuracy and precision of future determinations of application factors.

Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Carbaryl (Sevin) on Survival, Growth, and Reproduction of the Fathead Minnow (Pimephales promelas)

1972 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 583-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Fathead Minnow ◽  
Pimephales Promelas ◽  
Threshold Concentration ◽  
Fathead Minnows ◽  
Motile Sperm ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Toxicant Concentration ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

When fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were exposed to five concentrations (0.008–0.68 mg/liter) of the insecticide carbaryl for 9 months and throughout a life cycle, the highest concentration prevented reproduction and decreased survival. At the high concentration, testes contained motile sperm and ovaries were in a flaccid condition and appeared to be in a resorptive state. At the 0.68 mg/liter concentration, carbaryl appeared to contribute to mortality of larvae (produced by unexposed parents) within 30 days of hatching. Survival of young grown in the 0.008 mg/liter concentration was reduced. Since no demonstrable effects were noted for survival, growth, or reproduction at the 0.017, 0.062, and 0.21 mg/liter concentrations, this low survival value is considered not due to carbaryl. The 96-hr median tolerance concentration (TL 50) and the lethal threshold concentration (LTC) for 2-month-old fathead minnows were 9.0 mg/liter. The maximum acceptable toxicant concentration (MATC) for fathead minnows exposed to carbaryl in water with a hardness of 45.2 mg/liter and a pH of 7.5 lies between 0.21 and 0.68 mg/liter. The application factors (MATC/96-hr TL50 and MATC/LTC) both lie between 0.023 and 0.075.

Early Life-Stage Toxicity of Eight Pharmaceuticals to the Fathead Minnow, Pimephales promelas

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Overturf ◽  
C. L. Overturf ◽  
D. Baxter ◽  
D. N. Hala ◽  
L. Constantine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Fathead Minnow ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Pimephales Promelas ◽  
Early Life Stage

In vitro-in vivo and cross-life stage extrapolation of uptake and biotransformation of benzo[a]pyrene in the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas)

2020 ◽  
Vol 228 ◽  
pp. 105616
Author(s):  
Chelsea Grimard ◽  
Annika Mangold-Döring ◽  
Markus Schmitz ◽  
Hattan Alharbi ◽  
Paul D. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fathead Minnow ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Pimephales Promelas
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