Maros-Schulek Technique for Measurement of Carbon Dioxide Production in Fish and Respiratory Quotient in Tilapia mossambica

1971 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1342-1344 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Kutty ◽  
N. V. Karuppannan ◽  
M. Narayanan ◽  
M. Peer Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Respiratory Quotient ◽  
Anal Chim ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Aquatic Animals ◽  
Large Samples ◽  
Tilapia Mossambica ◽  
Present Technique

The technique used by Maros et al. (Anal. Chim. Acta 25: 390–399, 1961) for accurate measurements of total carbon dioxide in small samples has been modified for large samples of water, enabling measurement of carbon dioxide production by small aquatic animals. Data obtained from Tilapia mossambica by using the present technique are discussed. The method is considered to be adequate for obtaining reliable estimates of carbon dioxide production in fish.

GASEOUS METABOLISM IN PREMATURE INFANTS AT 32-34°C AMBIENT TEMPERATURE

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
Forrest H. Adams ◽  
Tetsuro Fujiwara ◽  
Robert Spears ◽  
Joan Hodgman
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Respiratory Quotient ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
O2 Consumption ◽  
Rate Of Increase

Thirty-four measurements of oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, respiratory quotient, and rectal temperature were made on 22 premature infants with ages ranging from 2½ hours to 18 days. The studies were conducted at 32-34°C utilizing an open circuit apparatus and a specially designed climatized chamber. Oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production were lowest in the first 12 hours and increased thereafter. The rate of increase in O2 consumption was greater than that of CO2 production, with a consequent fall in respiratory quotient during the first 76 hours of life. A reverse relation of O2 consumption and CO2 production was found following the 4th day of life with a consequent rise in respiratory quotient. There was a close correlation between O2 consumption and rectal temperature regardless of age. A respiratory quotient below the value of 0.707 for fat metabolism was observed in 7 premature infants with ages ranging from 24 to 76 hours.

Variation in the respiratory quotient of birds and implications for indirect calorimetry using measurements of carbon dioxide production

1995 ◽  
Vol 198 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Walsberg ◽  
B Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Indirect Calorimetry ◽  
Respiratory Quotient ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Accurate Estimation

Determination of animal power consumption by indirect calorimetry relies upon accurate estimation of the thermal equivalent of oxygen consumed or carbon dioxide produced. This estimate is typically based upon measurement or assumption of the respiratory quotient (RQ), the ratio of CO2 produced to O2 consumed. This ratio is used to indicate the mixture of lipids, carbohydrates and proteins in the metabolic substrate. In this analysis, we report the RQ for two bird species, Passer domesticus and Auriparus flaviceps, under several dietary and fasting regimes. RQ commonly differed substantially from those typically assumed in studies of energy metabolism and often included values below those explainable by current knowledge. Errors that could result from these unexpected RQ values can be large and could present the primary limit to the accuracy of power consumption estimates based upon measurement of carbon dioxide production.

scholarly journals Effects of Low Temperature and Freeze-Thaw Cycles on Hydrocarbon Biodegradation in Arctic Tundra Soil

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 5107-5112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikael Eriksson ◽  
Jong-Ok Ka ◽  
William W. Mohn
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Arctic Tundra ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Hydrocarbon Biodegradation ◽  
Tundra Soil ◽  
Spacer Length ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Arctic Tundra Soil

ABSTRACT Degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons was monitored in microcosms with diesel fuel-contaminated Arctic tundra soil incubated for 48 days at low temperatures (−5, 0, and 7°C). An additional treatment was incubation for alternating 24-h periods at 7 and −5°C. Hydrocarbons were biodegraded at or above 0°C, and freeze-thaw cycles may have actually stimulated hydrocarbon biodegradation. Total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) removal over 48 days in the 7, 0, and 7 and −5°C treatments, respectively, was 450, 300, and 600 μg/g of soil. No TPH removal was observed at −5°C. Total carbon dioxide production suggested that TPH removal was due to biological mineralization. Bacterial metabolic activity, indicated by RNA/DNA ratios, was higher in the middle of the experiment (day 21) than at the start, in agreement with measured hydrocarbon removal and carbon dioxide production activities. The total numbers of culturable heterotrophs and of hydrocarbon degraders did not change significantly over the 48 days of incubation in any of the treatments. At the end of the experiment, bacterial community structure, evaluated by ribosomal intergenic spacer length analysis, was very similar in all of the treatments but the alternating 7 and −5°C treatment.

Measurement of Total Carbon Dioxide Production by Means of D2O18

1955 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 704-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Lifson ◽  
George B. Gordon ◽  
Ruth McClintock
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Total Carbon

Intraoperative Fluid Management Influences Carbon Dioxide Production and Respiratory Quotient

1983 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Hagerdal ◽  
Craig B. Caldwell ◽  
Jeffrey B. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Respiratory Quotient ◽  
Fluid Management ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production

scholarly journals The respiratory quotient in the newborn pig

1969 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. Mount
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Respiratory Quotient ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Environmental Temperatures

1. Rates of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production were measured in pigs from birth to 3 days of age in an open-circuit system.2. The mean respiratory quotient (RQ) during the first 6 h following birth was 0.95 in fasted pigs and 0.91 in pigs which were allowed to feed.3. The RQ fell during the remainder of the first postnatal day to mean values close to 0.85, whether the pigs were allowed to feed from birth or were fasted.4. From 1 to 3 days of age the RQ had a mean value of 0.79.5. There was little difference in the RQ of pigs exposed to environmental temperatures of either 32 or 16°.6. It is concluded that the baby pig is not exclusively dependent on carbohydrate for its energy metabolism.

scholarly journals Hyperoxia Reversibly Alters Oxygen Consumption and Metabolism

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Lauscher ◽  
Sabine Lauscher ◽  
Harry Kertscho ◽  
Oliver Habler ◽  
Jens Meier
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Respiratory Quotient ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Pure Oxygen ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Fick Principle ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
Hyperoxic Ventilation ◽  
The Impact

Aim. Ventilation with pure oxygen (hyperoxic ventilation: HV) is thought to decrease whole body oxygen consumption (VO2). However, the validity and impact of this phenomenon remain ambiguous; until now, under hyperoxic conditions,VO2has only been determined by the reverse Fick principle, a method with inherent methodological problems. The goal of this study was to determine changes ofVO2, carbon dioxide production (VCO2), and the respiratory quotient (RQ) during normoxic and hyperoxic ventilation, using a metabolic monitor.Methods. After providing signed informed consent and institutional acceptance, 14 healthy volunteers were asked to sequentially breathe room air, pure oxygen, and room air again.VO2, VCO2, RQ, and energy expenditure (EE) were determined by indirect calorimetry using a modified metabolic monitor during HV.Results. HV reducedVO2from 3.4 (3.0/4.0) mL/kg/min to 2.8 (2.5/3.6) mL/kg/min (P<0.05), whereas VCO2remained constant (3.0 [2.6/3.6] mL/kg/min versus 3.0 [2.6/3.5] mL/kg/min, n.s.). After onset of HV, RQ increased from 0.9 (0.8/0.9) to 1.1 (1.0/1.1). Most changes during HV were immediately reversed during subsequent normoxic ventilation.Conclusion. HV not only reducesVO2, but also increases the respiratory quotient. This might be interpreted as an indicator of the substantial metabolic changes induced by HV. However, the impact of this phenomenon requires further study.

Quantitative methanol-burning lung model for validating gas-exchange measurements over wide ranges of F I O 2

1998 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 2177-2182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saul Miodownik ◽  
Jose Melendez ◽  
Vittoria Arslan Carlon ◽  
Brian Burda
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Combustion Rate ◽  
Respiratory Quotient ◽  
Infusion Rate ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Lung Model ◽  
Burner Device ◽  
Extended Range

The methanol-burning lung model has been used as a technique for generating a predictable ratio of carbon dioxide production (V˙co 2) to oxygen consumption (V˙o 2) or respiratory quotient (RQ). Although an accurate RQ can be generated, quantitatively predictable and adjustableV˙o 2 andV˙co 2 cannot be generated. We describe a new burner device in which the combustion rate of methanol is always equal to the infusion rate of fuel over an extended range of O2 concentrations. This permits the assembly of a methanol-burning lung model that is usable with O2 concentrations up to 100% and provides continuously adjustable and quantitativeV˙o 2 (69–1,525 ml/min) and V˙co 2 (46–1,016 ml/min) at a RQ of 0.667.

scholarly journals Measurement of Total Carbon Dioxide Production by Means of D2O181

1997 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Lifson ◽  
George B. Gordon ◽  
Ruth McClintock
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Total Carbon
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