Color in Raw and Cooked Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)

1969 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 2234-2236 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Saito
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Pink Salmon ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Gardner Color ◽  
Chromaticity Coordinate ◽  
Visual Color ◽  
Color Judgment

Carotenoid contents in raw and cooked Atlantic salmon, and in canned Pacific salmons, were compared. The color, as measured by the Gardner color difference meter, was found to be correlated with the chromaticity coordinate x%, or with Hunter's value +a. The color of Atlantic salmon flesh, compared with that of Pacific salmon flesh (canned), is significantly redder than chum and pink salmon, but less red than coho or sockeye in terms of the carotenoid content, x% or +a values, and visual color judgment.

The marine phase of the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) life cycle, with comparisons to Pacific salmon

1998 ◽  
Vol 55 (S1) ◽  
pp. 104-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
L P Hansen ◽  
T P Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Mortality Factor ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
The North ◽  
Wide Range

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) are distributed over large areas in the north Atlantic Ocean. They usually move very quickly from freshwater to oceanic areas, whereas there is considerable variation among Pacific salmon in early marine movements. In some areas, Atlantic salmon of exploitable size are sufficiently abundant that commercial high seas fisheries have developed. Such areas are off west Greenland, where North American and European fish are harvested, and in the Norwegian Sea, north of the Faroe Islands, where mainly European fish are exploited. Atlantic salmon feed on a wide range of large crustaceans, pelagic fish, and squid in the marine environment, supporting the hypothesis that Atlantic salmon are opportunistic feeders. In the ocean the salmon grow relatively quickly and the sea age when they become sexually mature depends on both genetics and on growing conditions. Natural marine mortality of salmon is highest during the first few months at sea and the major mortality factor is probably predation. However, marine mortality of Atlantic salmon has increased in recent years, apparently correlated with a decline in sea surface temperatures. Similar relationships between environmental conditions and the growth and survival of Pacific salmon have been reported. Atlantic salmon life histories most closely mimic stream-type chinook salmon or steelhead trout among the Pacific species. Finally, Atlantic and Pacific salmon return to their home rivers with high precision and possible mechanisms controlling the oceanic homing migration are presented and discussed.

THE IDENTITY OF THE SPECIES OF LEPEOPHTHEIRUS (COPEPODA) PARASITIC ON PACIFIC SALMON (GENUS ONCORHYNCHUS) AND ATLANTIC SALMON (SALMO SALAR)

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 889-892 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Margolis
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
North American ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
The North ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The North Pacific

A review of existing descriptions of Lepeophtheirus from salmonids, based on specimens collected mainly from Salmo salar in the European and North American Atlantic and from Oncorhynchus spp. in the Asiatic and North American Pacific, coupled with observations by the author on material from S. salar from England and from Oncorhynchus spp. from a wide range of localities in the North Pacific, suggest that L. salmonis (Krøyer, 1838) is the only species found on salmonids from both oceans. The differentiation of L. uenoi Yamaguti, 1939 as a distinct species on Pacific salmon seems to be the result of incorrect or inadequate early descriptions of L. salmonis.

HISTOPHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE JUVENILE ATLANTIC SALMON (SALMO SALAR) RETINA: I. RATES OF LIGHT- AND DARK-ADAPTATION

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Ali ◽  
W. R. Stevenson ◽  
Judith S. Press
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Dark Adaptation ◽  
Light Adaptation ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Juvenile Atlantic Salmon ◽  
The Pacific

The structure of the Atlantic salmon retina corresponds to descriptions by previous workers and is also similar to that of the Pacific salmon retina. Retinal epithelial pigment light-adapts in 60 minutes. Cones light-adapt in 45 minutes. Dark-adaptation of the pigment and cones occurs in 70 minutes. Retinal index shows light-adaptation occurring in 60 minutes and dark-adaptation in 70 minutes. Results are compared with those of the Pacific salmon's.

HISTOPHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE JUVENILE ATLANTIC SALMON (SALMO SALAR) RETINA: II. RESPONSES TO LIGHT INTENSITIES, WAVELENGTHS, TEMPERATURES, AND CONTINUOUS LIGHT OR DARK

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Dark Adaptation ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Dark Pigment ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Light Intensities

Retinal epithelial pigment dark-adapts in intensities below 10−3 ft-c. Cones are in a light-adapted state in intensities of 10−2 ft-c and above, semiadapted state in 10−3 ft-c, and dark-adapted state in 10−4 ft-c and below. The retinal index corresponds to the response of cones. It is suggested that the visible spectrum of the yearling Atlantic salmon ranges from 3640 Å to 6900 Å because the retina is in a light-adapted state in that range. In light, lower and higher temperatures bring about an expansion of the retinal pigment. Cones and retinal index are not affected. In dark, pigment expands with higher temperatures but temperatures exceeding 18.3 °C bring forth contraction. Cones contract with increasing temperatures but beyond 14.8 °C they expand. The retinal index indicates a greater dark-adaptation of retina with increasing temperatures between 5.0 °C and 18.3 °C but higher temperatures make it less dark-adapted. Cones exhibit no rhythm in their positions in continuous light or dark. Pigment demonstrates no rhythm in light but shows one in dark which persists for a day. The significance of the results is discussed. Comparisons with results with Pacific salmon are made.

scholarly journals Exceptional marine survival of pink salmon that entered the marine environment in 2003 suggests that farmed Atlantic salmon and Pacific salmon can coexist successfully in a marine ecosystem on the Pacific coast of Canada

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 1326-1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Beamish ◽  
Simon Jones ◽  
Chrys-Ellen Neville ◽  
Ruston Sweeting ◽  
Grace Karreman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Pink Salmon ◽  
Farmed Salmon ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Marine Survival ◽  
Migration Corridor ◽  
Farmed Atlantic Salmon

Abstract Juvenile pink salmon that entered a marine ecosystem along the eastern margin of Queen Charlotte Strait in 2003 and returned as adults in 2004 had very high marine survival. The early seaward migration and midsummer rearing in 2003 were in an area containing 16 active Atlantic salmon farms. Two species of sea louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis and Caligus clemensi, were commonly found on farmed salmon and juvenile Pacific salmon during the early rearing period of the pink salmon. Mobile L. salmonis and C. clemensi were most abundant on farmed Atlantic salmon from February to May and on pink salmon in June. Chalimus stages were the dominant stages on pink salmon to the end of May. Mobile stages of C. clemensi were the dominant stages and species of sea louse on farmed Atlantic salmon and pink salmon at about the same time in June. DNA studies showed that local juvenile pink salmon were in the area until August. The exceptional returns of the brood year suggest that pink salmon populations and farmed Atlantic salmon coexisted successfully during 2003 within an environment that included sea lice and farmed Atlantic salmon. The processes responsible for the high marine survival cannot be identified with certainty, but they could include increased freshwater discharge in 2003, which may have resulted in lower salinity less favourable to sea louse production, increased inflow of nutrient-rich water to the study area, and the introduction of a Provincial Action Plan that required mandatory louse monitoring and established a fallowed migration corridor for pink salmon.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document