Auditory Masking and the Critical Band in Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua)

1969 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1113-1119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Udo Buerkle
Keyword(s):  
Noise Level ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Critical Band ◽  
Frequency Separation ◽  
Auditory Masking ◽  
Masking Noise

Auditory masking was determined for cod by using five half-octave bands as masking stimuli and as signals. For each of 15 cod, masking noise was kept constant at 10 db re 1 microbar in one band while thresholds were determined for signals in all five bands. Results indicate masking to be most pronounced when noise and signal coincide in frequency, and to drop off as frequency separation between noise and signal increases. Masking is calculated in terms of threshold in relation to masking noise level, and varies from about 11 db when signal and noise are in the same band to about −19 db when they are in bands furthest removed from each other. Estimates of critical bands are made from the results.

Relation of Pure Tone Thresholds to Background Noise Level in the Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua)

1968 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1155-1160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Udo Buerkle
Keyword(s):  
Noise Level ◽  
Background Noise ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Conditioning Procedure ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Auditory Thresholds ◽  
Four Levels

A conditioning procedure was used to determine auditory thresholds of cod at frequencies 35.3, 70.7, 141, 283, and 400 Hz at four levels of background noise. The noise was produced in octave bands centered at the test frequencies, and ranged in level from −14 db to +4 db (re 1 microbar). Up to 283 Hz thresholds varied directly with background noise, and signal-to-noise levels at thresholds remained approximately the same at all background noise levels for each frequency. Thresholds at 400 Hz were much higher and showed no relationship to noise. Mean signal-to-noise levels are calculated.

Effects of temperature on life history set the sensitivity to fishing in Atlantic cod Gadus morhua

2014 ◽  
Vol 514 ◽  
pp. 217-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
HY Wang ◽  
LW Botsford ◽  
JW White ◽  
MJ Fogarty ◽  
F Juanes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

Responses of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua head kidney leukocytes to phytase produced by gastrointestinal-derived bacteria

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 883-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo C. Lazado ◽  
Christopher Marlowe A. Caipang ◽  
Sanchala Gallage ◽  
Monica F. Brinchmann ◽  
Viswanath Kiron
Keyword(s):  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Head Kidney

Some recent data on sperm morphology and motility kinetics in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayyed Mohammad Hadi Alavi ◽  
Azadeh Hatef ◽  
Ian A.E. Butts ◽  
Olga Bondarenko ◽  
Jacky Cosson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Sperm Morphology ◽  
Atlantic Cod

Natural mortality from poor condition in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)

2000 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 826-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Denis Dutil ◽  
Yvan Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Fish Muscle ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Wild Fish ◽  
Natural Mortality ◽  
Muscle Lactate ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Poor Condition

The extent of energy depletion was assessed in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in spring and early summer (1993-1995) to assess relationships between poor condition and natural mortality. Several indices of condition were compared in wild fish in the northern Gulf of St. Lawrence and in fish exposed to a prolonged period of starvation in laboratory experiments. Discriminant analyses classified only a small fraction of the wild fish as similar to cod that did not survive and a much larger fraction as similar to cod that survived starvation. This percentage increased from April to May and peaked in June 1993 and 1994. Condition factor and muscle somatic index allowed a clear distinction between live and dead fish. Muscle lactate dehydrogenase activity suggested that cod had experienced a period of negative growth early in 1993, 1994, and 1995. Fish classified as similar to starved individuals were characterized by a higher gonad to liver mass ratio than others. Reproduction may have a negative impact on survival not only in spring but also later into summer, as some individuals were found not to have recovered by late summer. This study shows that natural mortality from poor condition contributed to lower production in the early 1990s.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal microbial community changes in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) exposed to crude oil

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Bagi ◽  
Even Sannes Riiser ◽  
Hilde Steine Molland ◽  
Bastiaan Star ◽  
Thomas H. A. Haverkamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Community Changes

scholarly journals Development of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) exposed to produced water during early life stages: Effects on embryos, larvae, and juvenile fish

2010 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 383-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonnich Meier ◽  
H. Craig Morton ◽  
Gunnar Nyhammer ◽  
Bjørn Einar Grøsvik ◽  
Valeri Makhotin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Early Life Stages

Induction of triploidy in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) by thermal shocks

Aquaculture ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 272 ◽  
pp. S276
Author(s):  
A. Kettunen ◽  
G. Kauric ◽  
S. Peruzzi
Keyword(s):  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Thermal Shocks

Auditory Masking and the Critical Band

1961 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 484-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald D. Greenwood
Keyword(s):  
Critical Band ◽  
Auditory Masking
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