The Arctic Char of the West Coast of Hudson Bay

1952 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wm. M. Sprules
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Preliminary Survey ◽  
The West ◽  
Rate Of Growth ◽  
Limited Supply

A preliminary survey of the Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) in the vicinity of Term Point, N.W.T. on the west coast of Hudson Bay, was carried out from August 12 to September 13, 1948, to augment the biological data pertaining to this species and assess its importance in the area studied. Information relative to the rate of growth, food and spawning habits of sea-run arid landlocked populations was obtained. The dependence of the Eskimo residents on this species as a food coupled with the limited supply would seem to preclude the establishment of a commercial char fishery in this area.

The supply by air of Exercise “Musk-ox”, 1946

Polar Record ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 6 (43) ◽  
pp. 340-344
Author(s):  
R. H. Winfield
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
The West ◽  
Considerable Part ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Musk Ox

It will be remembered that Exercise “Musk-Ox” began on 15 February 1946, when a mechanized force of forty-seven men in eleven Snowmobiles left Churchill on the west coast of Hudson Bay. This force travelled northwards to the Arctic Ocean, and then westwards over the sea ice to Cambridge Bay and Coppermine; from here the route lay southwards over the mainland to Fort Nelson and along the Alcan Highway to Grande Prairie, where the exercise ended in the first week of May. The route covered by the ground force is shown in the map on p. 341. The track of about 3000 miles is roughly the shape of a horseshoe extending from Churchill to Edmonton, with a considerable part of the curve lying within the Canadian Arctic.

Summer stream habitat preferences of Nunavik anadromous Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) fry and parr

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique Dubos ◽  
André St-Hilaire ◽  
Normand E Bergeron
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Stream Habitat ◽  
Physical Habitat ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Slow Velocity

Arctic char is a fish species known to occupy diverse habitats within the Arctic region. However, summer habitat use during the juvenile stage of the anadromous form is largely unknown. The present study aims to characterize fry and parr summer habitat preferences. Surveys were conducted by electrofishing, associated with physical habitat characterization on several rivers of the Ungava Bay, Nunavik, Canada. At the microhabitat and station scales, fry showed significant habitat preferences for shallow water and slow velocity. At the mesohabitat scale, fry showed a significant habitat selectivity for riffles. This habitat selectivity implies that habitat models can be built to evaluate the potential of habitat suitability for Arctic char fry. However, no significant habitat selectivity was found for parr. Parr size was nonetheless positively correlated with velocity, which was found to be a limitative factor for juvenile habitat use. This first attempt at modeling juvenile anadromous Arctic char habitat in rivers emphasizes the importance of selecting an appropriate spatial scale and reiterates the fact that parr showed relatively high plasticity in stream habitat selection.

scholarly journals Induction Anomaly near the West Coast of Hudson Bay, Canada

10.4095/8926 ◽  
1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
J C Gupta ◽  
R D Kurtz ◽  
P A Camfield
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
The West

scholarly journals Do the fastest sperm within an ejaculate swim faster in subordinate than in dominant males of Arctic char?

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (7) ◽  
pp. 1019-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Vaz Serrano ◽  
Ivar Folstad ◽  
Geir Rudolfsen ◽  
Lars Figenschou
Keyword(s):  
Swimming Speed ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Sperm Cells ◽  
Sperm Velocity ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Sperm Swimming Speed

Theoretical models predict that subordinate males should have higher sperm velocity to compensate for their disadvantaged mating role and because they experience sperm competition more frequently than dominant males. Differences in mean velocity between sperm of dominants and subordinates in the predicted direction are also documented for a few species, including the Arctic char, Salvelinus alpinus (L., 1758). Yet, this difference in mean velocity does not imply that the fastest sperm within an ejaculate, which are those most likely to fertilize eggs, swim faster in subordinates than in dominants. We studied the 5% and 10% fastest sperm cells in ejaculates of dominant and subordinate Arctic char. Before individuals attained their status, there were no differences in velocity between the fastest sperm of males that later became dominant or subordinate. Yet, after establishment of social position, subordinates showed significantly higher sperm swimming speed of the fastest cells in the first 30 s post activation (i.e., at 15, 20, and 30 s post activation). Males that became subordinates showed no change in sperm speed of the fast cells compared with those at pre-trial levels, whereas males that became dominant reduced the speed of their sperm (15 s post activation) compared with those at pre-trial levels. Our results suggest that males which attain social dominance are unable to maintain high sperm velocity, even among the small fraction of the fastest cells.

Effect of temperature on the P4501A response in winter- and summer-acclimated Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) after oral benzo[a]pyrene exposure

1999 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 1370-1375
Author(s):  
Even H Jørgensen ◽  
Johannes Wolkers
Keyword(s):  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
Hydrocarbon Contamination ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Biomarker Response ◽  
P450 Enzyme ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

In this study, the time-dependent P450 response to oral benzo[a]pyrene exposure at 1 and 10°C was investigated in winter- and summer-acclimated Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus). In both seasons, a strong induction of CYP1A activities and protein levels (measured only in the winter experiment) were seen at both 1 and 10°C. At 1°C, the responses were delayed and more long-lasting than at 10°C. No within-season difference between 1 and 10°C in the magnitude of the induction response was found, but due to elevated baseline CYP1A activities, the induction response was seven times lower in winter- as compared with the response in summer-acclimated Arctic char. The results show that the CYP1A enzymes of the Arctic char respond to temperature changes in a compensatory way, and they are promising with respect to the applicability of the P450 enzyme system of the Arctic char as a biomarker for monitoring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contamination in high-latitude environments. More studies are needed, however, to reveal seasonal differences in the biomarker response to pollutants.

scholarly journals Extensive Secondary Contact Among Three Glacial Lineages of Arctic Char (Salvelinus alpinus) in Newfoundland and Labrador

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Salisbury ◽  
Gregory R. McCracken ◽  
Donald Keefe ◽  
Robert Perry ◽  
Daniel E. Ruzzante
Keyword(s):  
Newfoundland And Labrador ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
First Record ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Secondary Contact ◽  
Loop Region ◽  
Multiple Sampling ◽  
Sampling Locations ◽  
D Loop

ABSTRACTWe sequenced a portion of the D-loop region in over 1000 Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) samples from 67 locations across Newfoundland and Labrador to assess the extent of secondary contact among the Arctic, Atlantic, and Acadian glacial lineages in Newfoundland and Labrador. Within Labrador, the Arctic and Atlantic lineages were widespread. Two locations (one landlocked and one with access to the sea) also contained individuals of the Acadian lineage, constituting the first record of this lineage in Labrador. Atlantic and Acadian lineage individuals were found in both eastern and western Newfoundland. Multiple sampling locations in Newfoundland and Labrador contained fish of two or more different glacial lineages, implying their introgression. Glacial lineage did not appear to dictate contemporary genetic divergence between the pale and dark morph of char present in Gander Lake, Newfoundland. Both were predominately of the Atlantic lineage, suggesting the potential for their divergence in sympatry. This study reveals Newfoundland and Labrador to be a unique junction of three glacial lineages which have likely hybridized extensively in this region.

Resident and anadromous forms of arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) from North-East Europe: an example of high ecological variability without speciation

2019 ◽  
Vol 485 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-246
Author(s):  
A. A. Makhrov ◽  
I. N. Bolotov ◽  
V. M. Spitsyn ◽  
M. Yu. Gofarov ◽  
V. S. Artamonova
Keyword(s):  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Charr ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Ecological Variability ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Two Samples

Samples from 11 populations of the Arctic char of the North-European part of Russia belonging to the anadromous and resident forms and two samples from Lake Sobach'e (Taimyr) were studied. The nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial COI gene was determined in 60 individuals. In the majority of populations, the same COI haplotype was found. In some populations of the resident chars, haplotypes differing from the widespread haplotype in a single nucleotide substitution were found. The obtained genetic data give no reason to distinguish the resident form of the Arctic char from lakes of Karelia and the Kola Peninsula as an independent species, Salvelinus lep- echini. The adaptation of the Arctic char to the unstable environmental conditions is ensured primarily by its phenotypic plasticity.

Between-watershed movements of two anadromous salmonids in the Arctic

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 855-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Johan Jensen ◽  
Ola Håvard Diserud ◽  
Bengt Finstad ◽  
Peder Fiske ◽  
Audun Håvard Rikardsen
Keyword(s):  
Brown Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta

A long-term study in the River Halselva in the Arctic region of Norway demonstrated that movements between watersheds were considerably higher in anadromous brown trout (Salmo trutta) than anadromous Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus). Fourteen smolt year classes of both species were captured in a fish trap, individually tagged, and thereafter registered each time they passed the trap during their migration between the sea and fresh water every summer. Annual mean survival (i.e., recovery rate) after the first entry to sea as smolts was estimated as 31.4% in Arctic char and 26.6% in brown trout. Most surviving Arctic char returned to the River Halselva to overwinter after the same summer that they migrated to sea as smolts. However, several brown trout overwintered one to four times in other watersheds, mainly the considerably larger River Altaelva, before most eventually returned to the River Halselva upon maturation. The substantial difference in movement rate between watersheds between Arctic char (2.2%) and brown trout (39.6%) is expected to be a consequence of local geographic conditions combined with different habitat preferences of the two species.

The South African Fisheries: A Preliminary Survey of Historical Sources

2001 ◽  
pp. 167-180
Author(s):  
Lance van Sittert
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Marine Resources ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
Preliminary Survey ◽  
Rock Lobster ◽  
The South ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
The West

Lance van Sittert explores the historical records concerning the exploitation of marine resources along the West Coast of Africa, using them to provide evidence of the commerical importance of the West Coast over the East or South. The date demonstrates a boom-bust cycle along the West Coast, pertaining to whales, snoek, guano, rock lobster, hake, and pilchard.

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