Vitamin A and D Potencies of Liver and Intestinal Oils of Red, Black and Ling Cod

1939 ◽  
Vol 4b (5) ◽  
pp. 472-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. I. Pugsley
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Ling Cod

The vitamin A potency of the liver and intestines tends to increase with the size of the fish in Sebastodes, Anoplopoma and Ophiodon, and is similar to that reported for halibut. The vitamin D potency of the intestinal oil is low but rather high in red and ling cod liver oils. The percentage of oil in the intestines of these fish is considerably higher than that of halibut.

scholarly journals Adjuvant effects of vitamin A and vitamin D supplementation on treatment of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a study protocol for a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, multicentric trial in China

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e050541
Author(s):  
Ping Zhou ◽  
Mark Lee Wolraich ◽  
Ai-hua Cao ◽  
Fei-Yong Jia ◽  
Bin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Remission Rate ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Multicentric Study ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Double Blinded

IntroductionApproximately 7.2% of children in the world suffer from attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Due to the availability of the osmotic-release oral-system methylphenidate, ADHD currently has a remission rate of up to 30.72%. Nevertheless, it has been reported that patients with ADHD tend to exhibit vitamin A and vitamin D deficiency, which may aggravate the symptoms of ADHD. This study aims to determine the effect of vitamin A and vitamin D supplementation as adjunctive therapy to methylphenidate on the symptoms of ADHD.Methods and analysisThis is a parallel, prospective, interventional multicentric study. Patients will be enrolled from the southern, central and northern parts of China. A target of 504 patients will be followed for 8 weeks. They will be allocated into three groups (vitamin AD, vitamin D and placebo) and administered the interventions accordingly. Data on changes in the symptoms of ADHD as well as changes in the serum concentrations of vitamin A and vitamin D will be recorded. Both responders and nonresponders based on the sociodemographic and clinical data will also be described to mitigate selection bias.Ethics and disseminationThis study is performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (approval number: (2019) IRB (STUDY) number 262). The results of the trial will be reported in peer-reviewed scientific journals and academic conferences regardless of the outcomes.Trial registration numberNCT04284059.

Percentile Values for Serum levels of Vitamin A and Vitamin D in Iranian children and adolescents: The CASPIAN-V study

Nutrition ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 111307
Author(s):  
Mostafa Qorbani ◽  
Armita Mahdavi-Gorab ◽  
Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed ◽  
Nazli Namazi ◽  
Maliheh Khoramdad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Iranian Children

The Interaction of Dietary Vitamin A and Vitamin D Related to Skeletal Development in the Turkey Poult

1985 ◽  
Vol 115 (7) ◽  
pp. 929-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan L. Metz ◽  
Mary M. Walser ◽  
William G. Olson
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Skeletal Development ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Turkey Poult

The nutritional biochemistry of wool and hair follicles

2000 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.I. Hynd
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Outer Root Sheath ◽  
Root Sheath ◽  
Fibre Growth

AbstractThe rôle of various classes of nutrients (energy substrates, vitamins, minerals, amino acids) in the production of wool and hair from follicles, is considered for a variety of animal species. The wool and hair follicle have evolved a number of interesting features of carbohydrate metabolism including glutaminolysis, aerobic glycolysis, significant activity of the pentose phosphate pathway, and storage and mobilisation of glycogen. Presumably the necessity to continue to produce fibre despite fluctuations in the supply of oxygen and nutrients has resulted in some of these unique features, while others reflect the high level of DNA and protein synthesis occurring in the follicle. While it is considered that energy does not normally limit fibre growth, the relative contributions of aerobic and anerobic metabolism will greatly influence the amount of ATP available for follicle activity, such that energy availability may at times alter fibre growth. Alopecia and deficient fibre growth are consistent outcomes of deficiencies of biotin, riboflavin, pyridoxine, folate and pantothenic acid, but the precise rôles of these vitamins in follicle function await elucidation. Folate, in particular appears to play an important rôle in wool production, presumably reflecting its involvement in methionine metabolism. Cholecalciferol (vitamin D) significantly alters fibre growth in cultured follicles; vitamin D receptors are located in the outer root sheath, bulb, and dermal papilla of the follicle; and alopecia occurs in humans with defects in the vitamin D receptor. Retinol (vitamin A), too, appears to influence follicle function by altering keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation, with direct effects on the expression of keratin genes. The receptors for the retinoids are present in the keratogenous zone, the outer root sheath, the bulb, and the sebaceous glands. Vitamin A may also act indirectly on follicle function by influencing the activity of the insulin-like and epidermal growth factors and by altering vitamin D activity. At present there is little evidence implicating alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) or phytylmenaquinone (vitamin K) in follicular events. Of the minerals, only copper and zinc have been shown to have direct effects on follicle function, independent of effects on food intake. Copper has direct effects on the activity of an unidentified enzyme on oxidation of thiol groups to form disulphide linkages. Wool produced by copper-deficient sheep lacks crimp, is weak and lustrous. Copper is also necessary for the activity of tyrosinase and the tyrosinase-related proteins involved in melanin synthesis. Zinc, like copper, is required for the normal keratinization of fibres but again, the precise rôle has yet to be elucidated. While the importance of amino acid supply for wool growth has long been established, there are still some unaswered questions such as; what are the effects of amino acids on fibre growth in animals other than sheep; what are the characteristics of the amino acid transport genes and proteins operating in the wool and hair follicle; and what are the specific rôles for amino acids in follicle function.

scholarly journals Excess Dietary Vitamin A in the Growing Chick: Effect of Fat Source and Vitamin D

1986 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. VELTMANN ◽  
L.S. JENSEN ◽  
G.N. ROWLAND
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Dietary Vitamin

scholarly journals Validation of a food-frequency questionnaire for assessing vitamin intake of Japanese women in early and late pregnancy with and without nausea and vomiting

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Chik Jwa ◽  
Kohei Ogawa ◽  
Minatsu Kobayashi ◽  
Naho Morisaki ◽  
Haruhiko Sago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Vitamin Intake ◽  
Japanese Pregnant Women

AbstractMaternal vitamin intake during pregnancy is crucial for pregnancy outcomes and the child's subsequent health. However, there are few valid instruments for assessing vitamin intake that address the effects of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy (NVP). This study aimed to investigate the validity of a FFQ concerning vitamin intake during early and late pregnancy with and without NVP. The participants comprised 200 Japanese pregnant women who completed the FFQ and from whom blood samples were taken in early and late pregnancy. Energy-adjusted dietary vitamin intakes (vitamin C, folate, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin A, vitamin E and vitamin D) from FFQ were compared with their blood concentrations. A subgroup of women with NVP was investigated. In early pregnancy, significant correlations between FFQ and biomarkers were observed for vitamin C (r0·27), folate (r0·18) and vitamin D (r0·26) in women with NVP and for vitamin A (r0·18), vitamin B12(r0·24) and vitamin D (r0·23) in women without NVP. No significant correlations were observed in either group for vitamins B6or E. In late pregnancy, similar significant associations were observed for vitamin C (r0·27), folate (r0·22), vitamin B6(r0·18), vitamin B12(r0·27) and vitamin A (r0·15); coefficients were higher among women without NVP. Our study demonstrates that the FFQ is a useful tool for assessing intake of several important vitamins in early and late pregnancy regardless of NVP status.

scholarly journals Vitamin D and Risk for Vitamin A Intoxication in an 18-Month-Old Boy

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Valentina Talarico ◽  
Massimo Barreca ◽  
Rossella Galiano ◽  
Maria Concetta Galati ◽  
Giuseppe Raiola
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Renal Ultrasound ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Intoxication ◽  
Intravenous Hydration ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Low Levels

An 18-month-old boy presented with abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, and poor appetite for 6 days. He had been given a multivitamin preparation once daily, containing 50.000 IU of vitamin D and 10.000 IU of vitamin A for a wide anterior fontanelle for about three months. He presented with hypercalcemia, low levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH), and very high serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) levels. Renal ultrasound showed nephrocalcinosis. He did not have sign or symptom of vitamin A intoxication. Patient was successfully treated with intravenous hydration, furosemide, and prednisolone. With treatment, serum calcium returned rapidly to the normal range and serum 25-OHD levels were reduced progressively. In conclusion the diagnosis of vitamin D deficiency rickets without checking 25-OHD levels may cause redundant treatment that leads to vitamin D intoxication (VDI).

scholarly journals SEANUTS: the nutritional status and dietary intakes of 0.5–12-year-old Thai children

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (S3) ◽  
pp. S36-S44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nipa Rojroongwasinkul ◽  
Kallaya Kijboonchoo ◽  
Wanphen Wimonpeerapattana ◽  
Sasiumphai Purttiponthanee ◽  
Uruwan Yamborisut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Rural Children ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Serum Retinol

In the present study, we investigated nutritional status and health-related factors in a multistage cluster sample of 3119 Thai urban and rural children aged 0·5–12·9 years. In a subsample, blood samples were collected for the measurement of Hb, transferrin receptor, vitamin A and vitamin D concentrations. The prevalence of stunting and underweight was higher in rural children than in urban children, whereas the wasting rate was similar in both rural and urban areas. Among children aged 3·0–5·9 years, the prevalence of overweight was significantly higher in urban areas than in rural areas and so was the obesity rate in children aged 6·0–12·9 years. Protein intakes of all age groups were relatively high in both the areas. Intakes of Ca, Fe, Zn and vitamin C were significantly higher in urban areas than in rural areas. The prevalence of anaemia in rural areas was twice as high as that in urban areas, particularly in infants and young children. However, the prevalence of Fe-deficiency anaemia was similar in both urban and rural areas. While the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency (by serum retinol cut-off < 0·7 μmol/l) seemed to be very low, vitamin A insufficiency (by serum retinol cut-off < 1·05 μmol/l) was more prevalent (29·4–31·7 %) in both the areas. The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency ranged between 27·7 and 45·6 % among the children. The present study indicates that the double burden of malnutrition is still a major public health problem in Thailand. Further studies need to explore the associated risk factors for these nutrient deficiencies. Effective strategies and actions are needed to tackle the nutritional problems in Thai children.

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