Establishing highly accurate production-age data using the tree-ring technique of crossdating: a case study for Pacific geoduck (Panopea abrupta)

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 2572-2578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan A. Black ◽  
Darlene C. Gillespie ◽  
Shayne E. MacLellan ◽  
Claudia M. Hand
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Environmental Variability ◽  
Growth Zone ◽  
Growth Increment ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Freshwater Bivalve ◽  
Growth Increments ◽  
Additional Equipment ◽  
Ring Analysis ◽  
Annual Growth Increment

We apply the tree-ring technique of crossdating to generate highly accurate age data and evaluate error in annual growth increment (annual growth zone) counts for long-lived Pacific geoduck ( Panopea abrupta ) in the Tree Nob Islands, northern British Columbia, Canada. Crossdating is the most fundamental procedure of tree-ring analysis and is based on the tendency of environmental variability to synchronize the growth of all individuals at a given site. By crossmatching these synchronous growth “bar codes”, all growth increments can be correctly identified and assigned the correct calendar year, including the innermost year of recruitment. In this analysis, a total of 432 geoduck individuals were aged using crossdating methods as well as annual growth increment counts. The entire crossdating process was completed using visual techniques, requiring no additional equipment beyond a microscope or microprojector. When compared with crossdated ages, growth increment counts consistently underaged Pacific geoduck, particularly in the oldest individuals. These inaccuracies obscured major recruitment pulses and underestimated the rarity of strong recruitment events. To date, crossdating has been used to develop growth chronologies in a variety of marine and freshwater bivalve and fish species, but no study has demonstrated how the technique can be used to dramatically and economically improve accuracy in age data.

Seasonal growth pattern in the lichen Pseudocyphellaria berberina in north-western Patagonia

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 435-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayra S. CALDIZ
Keyword(s):  
Growth Increment ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Seasonal Growth ◽  
Epiphytic Lichen ◽  
Growth Increments ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Individual Trees ◽  
Nothofagus Dombeyi ◽  
North Western ◽  
Annual Growth Increment

Seasonal growth increments (%) were measured in the foliose epiphytic lichen Pseudocyphellaria berberina in north-western Patagonia. Growth was determined by measuring increase in weight (expressed as percentage of the original biomass) in transplanted thalli. Transplants were either hung freely from wooden frames or attached to tree trunks in a Nothofagus dombeyi forest and then weighed every three months between January 2001 and April 2003. The influence on growth increment of treatment, donor thallus, temperature, and absolute and relative humidity was analysed. Mean annual growth increment after two years, in both treatments was 12±1·07% (±SE). Growth increment was greatest in winter and lowest in summer; the mean winter growth increment was 6±0·50%, representing half of the annual growth, whereas most of the remaining growth occurred during both spring and autumn. Growth increments were similar for freely-hanging lichens and for the transplants attached to tree trunks. Individual trees had no consistent effect on growth while the donor thallus had a significant effect in the first season which then diminished, indicating acclimation in the transplants. Initial transplant weight had no influence on final cumulative growth, nor was there any consistent correlation between one season and another in the growth of transplants. Both transplantation methods proved to be useful for experiments on the growth of P. berberina.

Using tree-ring crossdating techniques to validate annual growth increments in long-lived fishes

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 2277-2284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan A Black ◽  
George W Boehlert ◽  
Mary M Yoklavich
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Growth Increment ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Freshwater Species ◽  
Age Validation ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Growth Increments ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ring Analysis

We applied crossdating, a dendrochronology (tree-ring analysis) age validation technique, to growth increment widths of 50 Sebastes diploproa otoliths ranging from 30 to 84 years in age. Synchronous growth patterns were matched by the following: (i) checking the dates of conspicuously narrow growth increments for agreement among samples and (ii) statistically verifying that growth patterns correlated among samples. To statistically verify pattern matching, we fit each time series of otolith measurements with a spline, and all measurements were divided by the values predicted by the curve. This standardized each time series to a mean of 1, removing the effects of age on growth and homogenizing variance. Each time series was then correlated with the average growth patterns of all other series, yielding an average correlation coefficient (r) of 0.53. Average growth of all 50 samples was significantly correlated with an upwelling index (r = 0.40, p = 0.002), the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (r = –0.29, p = 0.007), and the Northern Oscillation Index (r = 0.51, p = 0.0001), corroborating accuracy. We believe this approach to age validation will be applicable to a wide range of long-lived marine and freshwater species.

The difficulties of dating olive wood

Antiquity ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 88 (339) ◽  
pp. 287-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Ian Kuniholm
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Olive Tree ◽  
Growth Increment ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Cross Dating ◽  
Annual Growth Increment

Olive wood is difficult to date for a variety of reasons, the most important of which is that one cannot tell visually what is an annual growth increment (usually referred to as a ‘ring’) and what is a sub-annual growth flush of which there may be any number in one growing season. (I have been able to count a dozen or more flushes in olive wood where the end of the growing season was somewhat more clearly marked than usual.) If one cannot determine the ring boundaries with certainty, one cannot do tree-ring dating, period. For Egyptologists reading this note, acacia is just as bad, and for the same reason. For 25 years I had a couple of sections of olive wood in my dendrochronology lab. Every term I would challenge students to tell me how many rings there were on them. No two students ever came up with the same answer and neither could I. An inspection of two different radii on the same piece also yielded widely varying results. (A side issue, not relevant here, is that the size of the ring in an olive tree does not necessarily reflect climatic conditions but rather the energies of the farmer or gardener who brings water to it. Thus olive is useless for purely dendrochronological cross-dating purposes.

scholarly journals Growth Intercept Methods for Predicting Site Index in White Pine Plantations in the Glaciated Areas of Ohio

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Site Index ◽  
Growth Increment ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Site Quality ◽  
Soil Horizon ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Growth Intercept ◽  
Annual Growth Increment

Abstract Growth intercept (GI) techniques were evaluated for estimating site quality in white pine stands planted on old-field sites in the Wisconsin-aged glaciated areas of northern and western Ohio. Correlations between growth of trees below the breast high (bh) annual growth increment andheight growth from bh and above were not statistically significant. Site index estimates were made using age at bh and height from the bh annual growth increment to the growing tip. Three-year and 5-year growth beginning 3 years above the bh annual increment and 10-year growth beginning oneinternode above bh were significantly more correlated with height than were intercepts beginning at bh. In multiple regression equations developed for predicting site index, 3-, 5- and 10-year intercepts, along with age at bh, accounted for 76, 77, and 80%, respectively, of the variationin tree heights and 35-year site indices varied from 60 to 83 ft. Combining clay content of the B2 soil horizon with GI and age increased the variation accounted for by 3-, 5-, and 10-year GI equations to 79, 78, and 81%, respectively, and the improvement in site index estimatesover those using GIs alone was not more than ±2 ft within any given GI measurement.

Age and growth of forkbeard, Phycis phycis, in Portuguese continental waters

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 623-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Rita Vieira ◽  
Ana Neves ◽  
Vera Sequeira ◽  
Rafaela Barros Paiva ◽  
Leonel Serrano Gordo
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Growth Zone ◽  
Growth Increment ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Von Bertalanffy ◽  
Commercial Species ◽  
Marginal Increment ◽  
Slow Growing ◽  
Annual Growth Increment ◽  
Phycis Phycis

The forkbeard, Phycis phycis, is an important commercial species in Portugal; however, little information is available on its biology. Age and growth of the forkbeard from Portuguese continental waters were studied using 687 otoliths from specimens caught between May 2011 and December 2012. Otoliths were transversally sectioned, and assigned ages were validated by marginal increment analysis and edge analysis, and indices of precision were also calculated to corroborate ageing within and between readers. Validation techniques showed that an annual growth increment is formed every year, corresponding to the succession of an opaque and a translucent growth zone. Specimens ranged from 15.5 to 67.1 cm total length (TL), and their estimated ages ranged between 0 and 18 years. The forkbeard is a relatively slow growing, long lived species, that does not show sexual dimorphism in growth. The von Bertalanffy growth parameters estimated for forkbeard from the Portuguese continental waters were L∞ = 75.14 cm TL, k = 0.10 yr−1 and t0 = −2.09 yr.

scholarly journals Age and growth of longtail tuna (Thunnus tonggol) in tropical and temperate waters of the central Indo-Pacific

2009 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane P. Griffiths ◽  
Gary C. Fry ◽  
Fiona J. Manson ◽  
Dong C. Lou
Keyword(s):  
Growth Models ◽  
Fork Length ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Growth Increment ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Growth Increments ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Longtail Tuna

Abstract Griffiths, S. P., Fry, G. C., Manson, F. J., and Lou, D. C. 2010. Age and growth of longtail tuna (Thunnus tonggol) in tropical and temperate waters of the central Indo-Pacific. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 125–134. Age and growth of longtail tuna (Thunnus tonggol) were assessed by examination of annual growth increments in sectioned sagittal otoliths from 461 fish (238–1250 mm fork length, LF) sampled from tropical and temperate waters in the central Indo-Pacific between February 2003 and April 2005. Edge and microincrement analyses (presumed daily increments) suggest that longtail tuna deposit a single annual growth increment mainly between August and October. Age was, therefore, estimated for all fish by counting assumed annual growth increments. Ages ranged from 154 d to 18.7 years, with most fish being 3–9 years. Five growth models were fitted to length-at-age data, all of which indicated that the species is relatively slow-growing and long-lived. Recaptures of two tagged fish at liberty for 6.2 and 10.5 years support this notion. A bias-corrected form of Akaike's Information Criterion determined that the Schnute–Richards model provided the best fit to length-at-age data, with model parameter estimates (sexes combined) of L∞ = 135.4 cm LF, K = 22.3 year−1, t0 = 0.120 years, δ = 150.0, v = 0.019, and γ = 2.7 × 10−8. There was no significant difference in growth between sexes. The results suggest that longtail tuna grow more slowly and live longer than other tuna species of similar size. Coupled with their restricted neritic distribution, longtail tuna may be vulnerable to overexploitation by fisheries, and caution needs to be exercised in managing the species until more reliable biological and catch data are collected to assess the status of the population.

scholarly journals APPLICATIONS OF DENDROCHRONOLOGY IN NORTHWESTERN MEXICO

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Turkon ◽  
Sturt W. Manning ◽  
Carol Griggs ◽  
Marco Antonio Santos Ramírez ◽  
Ben A. Nelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Environmental Variability ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Archaeological Work ◽  
Northwestern Mexico ◽  
Malpaso Valley ◽  
Calendar Dates

Although dendrochronological methods have the potential to provide precise calendar dates, they are virtually absent in Mesoamerican archaeological research. This absence is due to several long-standing, but erroneous, assumptions: that tree rings in this region do not reflect annual growth and environmental variability, that an adequate number of samples do not exist, and that tree-ring measurements cannot be useful without modern trees to link prehispanic chronologies. In this article we present data from the sites of La Quemada and Los Pilarillos, located in the Malpaso Valley, Zacatecas, to demonstrate that suitable archaeologically derived samples of dendrochronologically useful species do exist, that the samples from these sites are measurable and cross-datable, and that the tree rings can yield precise calendar dates using a method that “wiggle-matches” radiocarbon dates on tree-ring sequences. The work demonstrates the potential of these methods to address chronological, and, in the future, climatic questions, which have so far eluded archaeological work in the region.

Annual growth increment and stability of rubber yield in the tapping phase in rubber tree clones: Implications for early selection

2014 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 801-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Augusto Peres Silva ◽  
Lígia Regina Lima Gouvêa ◽  
Cecília Khusala Verardi ◽  
André Luis Bombonato de Oliveira ◽  
Paulo de Souza Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Growth Increment ◽  
Early Selection ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Annual Growth Increment
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