Gross primary production and respiration differences among littoral and pelagic habitats in northern Wisconsin lakes

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 1130-1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
George H Lauster ◽  
Paul C Hanson ◽  
Timothy K Kratz
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Gross Primary Production ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Lake Metabolism ◽  
Trophic Conditions ◽  
Littoral Zones ◽  
Ecosystem Production ◽  
Littoral Area ◽  
Littoral Habitats

Net ecosystem production (NEP) trends among lakes have been ascribed to differences in nutrient and allochthonous carbon inputs, but little is known on how different habitats within lakes contribute to these trends. We sampled pelagic and littoral surface waters using sonde (i.e., free-water) and bottle methods concurrently in lakes spanning a range of trophic conditions. We considered whether the typically higher metabolism estimates found with sonde methods are due to contributions from littoral habitats not reflected by bottle estimates. We sought the source of littoral contributions by selecting sites with maximum differences in macrophyte abundance. Sonde estimates for pelagic primary production and respiration were two–three times greater than bottle estimates. Sonde/bottle ratios were higher in productive lakes and lakes with more littoral area. Bottle estimates were similar among all sites, and sonde estimates in macrophyte-poor sites were similar to pelagic sondes. However, sonde estimates in macrophyte-rich areas were four–nine times greater than bottle estimates. Results suggest littoral zones increase whole-lake NEP in eutrophic systems, whereas the Sphagnum mat surrounding dystrophic lakes decreases NEP. Non-planktonic organisms associated with macrophytes provide important littoral contributions to whole-lake metabolism and to understanding NEP trends among lakes.

scholarly journals Differentiation in Aquatic Metabolism between Littoral Habitats with Floating-Leaved and Submerged Macrophyte Growth Forms in a Shallow Eutrophic Lake

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Stefanidis ◽  
Elias Dimitriou
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Respiration ◽  
Gross Primary Production ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Eutrophic Lake ◽  
Growth Forms ◽  
Metabolic Balance ◽  
Lake Metabolism ◽  
Macrophyte Growth ◽  
Shallow Eutrophic Lake ◽  
Littoral Habitats

The metabolic balance between gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (R) is known to display large spatial and temporal variations within shallow lakes. Thus, although estimation of aquatic metabolism using free-water measurements of dissolved oxygen concentration has become increasingly common, the explanation of the variance in the metabolic regime remains an extremely difficult task. In this study, rates of GPP, respiration (R) and the metabolic balance (net ecosystem production, NEP) were estimated in four littoral habitats with different macrophyte growth forms (floating-leaved vs submerged) over a 28-month period in lake of Kastoria (Greece), a shallow eutrophic lake. Our results showed that net heterotrophy prevailed over the studied period, suggesting that allochthonous organics fuel respiration processes in the littoral. Temporal variation in the metabolic rates was driven mainly by the seasonal variation in irradiance and water temperature, with the peak of metabolic activity occurring in summer and early autumn. Most importantly, significant spatial variation among the four habitats was observed and associated with the different macrophyte growth forms that occurred in the sites. The results highlight the importance of habitat specific characteristics for the assessment of metabolic balance and underline the potentially high contribution of littoral habitats to the whole lake metabolism.

scholarly journals Effects of Invasive Watermilfoil on Primary Production in Littoral Zones of North-Temperate Lakes

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Ryan R. Van Goethem ◽  
Casey J Huckins ◽  
Amy M. Marcarelli
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Littoral Zone ◽  
Gross Primary Production ◽  
Lake Ecosystem ◽  
Primary Producers ◽  
Temperate Lakes ◽  
Lake Ecosystems ◽  
Species Invasions ◽  
Littoral Zones

Species invasions are changing aquatic ecosystems worldwide. Submerged aquatic macrophytes control lake ecosystem processes through their direct and indirect interactions with other primary producers, but how these interactions may be altered by macrophyte species invasions in temperate lakes is poorly understood. We addressed whether invasive watermilfoil (IWM) altered standing crops and gross primary production (GPP) of other littoral primary producers (macrophytes, phytoplankton, attached algae, and periphyton) in littoral zones of six Michigan lakes through a paired-plot comparison study of sites with IWM (standardized abundance 7–56%) compared to those with little or no IWM (standardized abundance 0–2%). We found that primary producer standing crops and the GPP of epiphytes, phytoplankton, and benthic periphyton were variable among lakes and not significantly different between paired study plots. Macrophyte standing crops predicted rates of benthic periphyton GPP, and standing crops of all other primary producers across all study plots. Overall, our results suggest that the effects of IWM on other primary producers in littoral zones may be lake-specific, and are likely dependent on the density of IWM, or whether it is functionally similar to other native species that it replaces or co-exists with. Moreover, in lakes where IWM is established but does not dominate macrophyte assemblages, the effects on littoral zone productivity may be minimal. Instead, overall macrophyte biomass is the primary factor controlling the rates of production and biomass of the other littoral zone primary producers, as has long been understood and observed in lake ecosystems.

Depth-integrated, continuous estimates of metabolism in a clear-water lake

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 712-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J Coloso ◽  
Jonathan J Cole ◽  
Paul C Hanson ◽  
Michael L Pace
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Wavelet Transforms ◽  
Gross Primary Production ◽  
Clear Water ◽  
Lake Metabolism ◽  
Lake Ecosystems ◽  
Temporal Complexity ◽  
Water Lake ◽  
Filtering Technique ◽  
Upper Mixed Layer

High-frequency dissolved oxygen (DO) measurements have been used for estimating gross primary production (GPP) and respiration (R) in lake ecosystems. Most researchers have determined GPP and R only in surface waters, a practice that may underestimate R in general and GPP in clear-water lakes in particular. We deployed oxygen sondes at multiple sites and depths in a clear-water lake. Rates of GPP or R were similar horizontally over the surface waters of the lake. Diel DO signals weakened with depth; however, removing noise from the data, by either wavelet transforms or moving averages, enhanced our ability to resolve diel metabolic signals. While GPP declined sharply with depth, R was unrelated to depth. The majority of GPP and R occurred in the upper mixed layer, but deeper water accounted for 14%–28% of GPP and 20%–43% of R, depending on the statistical filtering technique used. GPP and R were nearly in balance in the surface waters, but for the entire lake R exceeded GPP, and net ecosystem production was negative. Deployment of oxygen sondes in various habitats and at multiple depths allows for a more complete estimate of whole-lake metabolism and a better understanding of the spatial and temporal complexity of lakes.

scholarly journals Ecosystem metabolism in a dryland river waterhole

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 250 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Fellows ◽  
M. L. Wos ◽  
P. C. Pollard ◽  
S. E. Bunn
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
Bacterial Production ◽  
Gross Primary Production ◽  
Eutrophic Lakes ◽  
Metabolic Balance ◽  
Lake Metabolism ◽  
Allochthonous Inputs ◽  
Carbon Demand ◽  
Dryland River

Little is known about ecosystem processes in dryland rivers, despite the global distribution of these systems. Those in Australia are characterised by long periods of no flow in which they persist for many months as series of isolated, often turbid, waterholes. We assessed benthic and pelagic primary production, respiration, and bacterial production in one of these waterholes to determine the metabolic balance of the waterhole and resolve the relative importance of autochthonous and allochthonous sources of organic carbon. Despite a photic zone depth of only 0.25 m, three lines of evidence suggested that autochthonous sources of organic carbon were important for fuelling bacterial production under no-flow conditions: the metabolic balance of the waterhole was not indicative of large allochthonous inputs; rates of gross primary production were great enough to meet a substantial fraction of estimated bacterial carbon demand; and pathways for allochthonous carbon to enter the waterhole were limited. These results suggest that models of lake metabolism based on temperate ecosystems can be expanded to include dryland river waterholes, which group with eutrophic lakes owing to their high levels of inorganic nutrients, low allochthonous inputs and autotrophic metabolic balance.

scholarly journals The effects of nutrient additions on particulate and dissolved primary production and metabolic state in surface waters of three Mediterranean eddies

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 2595-2607 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lagaria ◽  
S. Psarra ◽  
D. Lefèvre ◽  
F. Van Wambeke ◽  
C. Courties ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Gross Primary Production ◽  
Community Respiration ◽  
Phytoplankton Production ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Nutrient Additions ◽  
Carbon Demand ◽  
Heterotrophic Prokaryotes

Abstract. We examined the effects of nutrient additions on rates of 14C-based particulate and dissolved primary production as well as O2-based metabolic rates in surface waters (8 m) of three anticyclonic eddies, located in the Western, Central and Eastern Mediterranean. Ship-board microcosm experiments employing additions of inorganic nitrogen (+N) and phosphorus (+P), alone and in combination (+NP), were conducted in June/July 2008 during the BOUM (Biogeochemistry from the Oligotrophic to the Ultra-oligotrophic Mediterranean) cruise. In all three experiments, particulate primary production was significantly stimulated by the additions of nitrogen (+N, +NP) while no effect was observed with the addition of phosphorus alone (+P). Percent extracellular release of photosynthate (PER) displayed the lowest values (4–8 %) in the +NP treatment. Among the three treatments (+N, +P, +NP), the +NP had the strongest effect on oxygen metabolic rates, leading to positive values of net community production (NCP > 0). These changes of NCP were mainly due to enhanced gross primary production (GPP) rather than reduced dark community respiration rates (DCR). In all three sites, in +NP treatment autotrophic production (whether expressed as GPP or PPtotal) was sufficient to fulfil the estimated carbon requirements of heterotrophic prokaryotes, while addition of nitrogen alone (+N) had a weaker effect on GPP, resulting in metabolically balanced systems. At the three sites, in treatments with N (+N, +NP), phytoplankton and heterotrophic prokaryote production were positively correlated. Heterotrophic conditions were observed in the Control and +P treatment at the central and eastern sites, and autotrophic production was not sufficient to supply estimated bacterial carbon demand, evidence of a decoupling of phytoplankton production and consumption by heterotrophic prokaryotes.

Metabolic changes and the resistance and resilience of a subtropical heterotrophic lake to typhoon disturbance

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 768-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeng-Wei Tsai ◽  
Timothy K. Kratz ◽  
Paul C. Hanson ◽  
Nobuaki Kimura ◽  
Wen-Cheng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Ecosystem Respiration ◽  
Gross Primary Production ◽  
Ecosystem Metabolism ◽  
Lake Metabolism ◽  
Typhoon Disturbance ◽  
Ecosystem Production ◽  
Rate Of Recovery ◽  
Induced Changes

We studied how typhoon strength affects the daily dynamics of ecosystem metabolism of a subtropical alpine lake in Taiwan. We identified proximal agents of typhoon disturbance and assessed the resistance (the extent of change induced by a disturbance) and resilience (the rate of recovery after a disturbance) of lake metabolism to them. Gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (ER), and net ecosystem production were estimated from high-frequency dissolved oxygen data provided by an instrumented buoy. Typhoons resulted in significantly lower GPP (3%–81% decrease), and higher ER (7%–828% increase) compared with immediately before the events, and thus the lake became more heterotrophic (28%–852% increase in heterotrophy). The resistance and resilience of lake metabolism depended on the intensity of the typhoon. Smaller typhoons (with average daily accumulated precipitation (ADAP) < 200 mm·day–1) had greater effects on lake metabolism than medium (ADAP = 200–350 mm·day–1) and large (ADAP > 350 mm·day–1) typhoons. However, metabolism also recovered more quickly after smaller typhoons than after medium or larger typhoons. Typhoon effects on ecosystem metabolism is likely mediated by the magnitude and duration of typhoon-induced changes in lake mixing, the quantity and quality of dissolved organic carbon, and the biomass of primary producers.

scholarly journals Estimation of crop gross primary production (GPP): fAPARchl versus MOD15A2 FPAR

2014 ◽  
Vol 153 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingyuan Zhang ◽  
Yen-Ben Cheng ◽  
Alexei I. Lyapustin ◽  
Yujie Wang ◽  
Feng Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Gross Primary Production
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