Seasonal changes in the lipids of Mysis mixta (Mysidacea) from the hyperbenthos of a cold-ocean environment (Conception Bay, Newfoundland)

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
pp. 1940-1953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole B Richoux ◽  
Don Deibel ◽  
Raymond J Thompson ◽  
Christopher C Parrish
Keyword(s):  
Cold Water ◽  
Phytoplankton Bloom ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Lipid Dynamics ◽  
Mysis Mixta ◽  
Class Composition ◽  
Ocean Environment ◽  
Conception Bay ◽  
Content Range

Total lipid (TL) and lipid class composition of Mysis mixta Lilljeborg from 240-m depth in a cold-water marine bay were studied throughout 1999 and 2000. The objective was to relate the seasonal lipid dynamics in an abundant and lipid-rich hyperbenthic species to its life cycle and to the annual phytoplankton bloom. Mysis mixta accumulated high levels of lipid reserves similar to those reached by other cold-water zooplankton. Greatest accumulation occurred in maturing females and males upon initiation of the spring bloom and continued for 6 months. The lowest TL level was ~5% dry mass (DM) in small juveniles, post-spawned males, and spent females, and the highest level was 32% DM in females approaching full maturity (overall content range 0.3–16 mg·mysid–1). Most females accumulated lipid for 2 years before spawning, although a few females spawned 7 months early with a very low TL content. Seasonal variation in TL resulted primarily from net changes in triacylglycerol, the predominant neutral lipid. Seasonal and interannual variation in TL quantities in individuals and in areal concentrations of lipid in the hyperbenthic population indicates a strong trophic link between M. mixta and the pelagic production cycle.

scholarly journals Seasonal and developmental variation in the lipids of Acanthostepheia malmgreni (Amphipoda) from the hyperbenthos of a cold-ocean environment (Conception Bay, Newfoundland)

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 1189-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole B. Richoux ◽  
Raymond J. Thompson ◽  
Don Deibel ◽  
Christopher C. Parrish
Keyword(s):  
Total Lipid ◽  
Phytoplankton Bloom ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Spring Phytoplankton Bloom ◽  
Developmental Variation ◽  
Brooding Period ◽  
Sexual Characteristics ◽  
Ocean Environment ◽  
Conception Bay

Total lipid (TL) and lipid-class composition in Acanthostepheia malmgreni (Crustacea: Amphipoda) from 240 m depth in Conception Bay were determined from samples collected monthly throughout 1999 and 2000. Variation in lipids among life history stages was studied in relation to the reproductive cycle of A. malmgreni and the timing of the major annual sinking event following the spring phytoplankton bloom in April. Total lipid remained relatively constant in first year juveniles [mean 4·4% dry mass (DM)], after which it gradually increased with the first signs of development of sexual characteristics and the sedimentation of spring bloom material in May. Triacylglycerol (TAG) was the dominant neutral lipid in all stages, with phospholipid (PL) the dominant polar lipid. Highest net accumulation of TL and TAG occurred in a group of large age 2+ individuals from October 1998 to May 1999, and in age 1+ immature males and immature females from July to November 2000 (1·4 mg TL month−1; 0·8 mg TAG month−1). Phospholipid quantities within the population were relatively constant at ≈2% DM. Maximum TL in the population (13% DM) was observed in large adults and some large immature individuals, and significant decreases in both TL and PL were recorded in mature females during the brooding period. This study reveals a dependence of A. malmgreni on seasonal lipid accumulation for reproduction, and a clear trophic link between the amphipod population and the pelagic production cycle.

Evaluation of Zeolite-based Soilless Root Media for Potted Chrysanthemum Production

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 465e-465
Author(s):  
Janet L. Carlino ◽  
Kimberly A. Williams ◽  
Earl R. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Nutrient Leaching ◽  
Fresh Mass ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Control Medium ◽  
Fertilizer Rate ◽  
Innovative Technologies ◽  
Root Media ◽  
Soluble Fertilizer

Chrysanthemum growth and nutrient leaching of three clinoptilolite-based root media, which were formulated and provided by Boulder Innovative Technologies, Inc. and ZeoponiX, Inc., were compared to the performance of control plants grown in Sunshine Mix #2 (3 peat: 1 perlite, v/v). The control received 210 mg·L–1 N from an 18N–4P–15K soluble fertilizer at each irrigation. The experimental zeolite-based medium NZ, which contained untreated zeolite and received the same soluble fertilizer as the control, leached lower concentrations of NH4-N, K, and PO4-P for most of the production cycle compared to the control. Medium EZ1 was formulated to provide N, P, and K as fertilizer nutrients and produced plants similar to the control based on ratings, height, width, and dry mass, but not fresh mass, at harvest when the fertilizer rate was half of that applied to the control, 105 mg·L–1 N. Medium EZ2, which did not receive P or K from soluble fertilizer, produced plants similar to the control based on rating, height, and dry mass, but not width or fresh mass, with soluble fertilizer input reduced to only N. Tissue N, P, and K concentrations of plants grown in media EZ1 and EZ2 were lower than those of control plants. With further refinements, these zeolite-based products show promise for decreasing nutrient leaching during crop production and allowing for application of lower rates of soluble fertilizers.

scholarly journals Accumulation and exportation of nutrients by yellow Passion fruit cv. IAC 275

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Stefanini Mattar ◽  
Carolina Cinto de Moraes ◽  
Laura Maria Molina Meletti ◽  
Luis Felipe Villani Purquerio
Keyword(s):  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Nutritional Requirement ◽  
Nutrient Accumulation ◽  
Nutrient Extraction ◽  
Cultivation Techniques ◽  
Yellow Passion Fruit

Abstract The mineral nutrition is essential to increase yield and fruit quality of passion fruit. There is no information of nutrient accumulation throughout the production cycle. Thus, in order to assist in the correct nutrients supply and update the recommendations, studies involving cultivars and cultivation techniques are necessary. The aim of this study was to evaluate the plant growth, the nutrient accumulation and the exportation in plants of yellow passion fruit cv. IAC 275. The experimental design was a randomized block, with three replications, where the treatments were evaluation times. Stem length, dry mass matter and nutrient accumulation in aerial part (leaves and stems), fruits and roots were evaluated. The maximum daily accumulation rate and periods of maximum nutritional requirement were calculated, in addition to the nutrient extraction and exportation. The nutrient accumulation at the end of the cycle, at 450 days after sowing, were in g plant-1: N (178.5) > K (162.4) > Ca (70.8) > Mg (14.8) > S (13.3) > P (11.0) and mg plant-1: Fe (827.6) > Mn (130.7) > Zn (69.8) > B (56.7) > Cu (17.8).

scholarly journals Evaluation of Zeolite-based Soilless Root Media for Potted Chrysanthemum Production

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet L. Carlino ◽  
Kimberly A. Williams ◽  
Earl R. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Nutrient Leaching ◽  
Fresh Mass ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Fertilizer Rate ◽  
Dendranthema Grandiflorum ◽  
Root Media ◽  
Soluble Fertilizer

Chrysanthemum [Dendranthema ×grandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitamura] growth and nutrient leaching of three clinoptilolite-based root media—NZ, EZ1, and EZ2—were compared to the performance of control plants grown in Sunshine Mix #2 [3 peat : 1 perlite (v/v)]. The control received 210 mg·L−1 N from an 18N-4P-15K soluble fertilizer at each irrigation. NZ contained untreated zeolite and received the same soluble fertilizer as the control but leached lower concentrations of NH4-N, K, and PO4-P during most of the production cycle compared to the control. EZ1 was formulated to provide N, P, and K as fertilizer nutrients and produced plants similar to the control based on ratings, height, width, and dry mass, but not fresh mass, at harvest when the fertilizer rate was half of that applied to the control—105 mg·L-1N. EZ2 did not receive P or K from soluble fertilizer and produced plants similar to the control based on rating, height, and dry mass, but not width or fresh mass, with soluble fertilizer input reduced to N alone. Tissue N, P, and K concentrations of plants grown in EZ1 and EZ2 were lower than those of control plants. With further refinements, these zeolitebased products show promise for decreasing nutrient leaching during crop production and allowing for application of lower rates of soluble fertilizers.

Detecting the Phytoplankton Bloom From Satellite Images

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan-Jung Kuo ◽  
Chung-Ru Ho ◽  
Shih-Jen Huang ◽  
Yao-Tsai Lo
Keyword(s):  
Cold Water ◽  
Phytoplankton Bloom ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Winter Monsoon ◽  
Luzon Strait ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Wind Stress Curl ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Sea Surface Wind

Phytoplankton is the base of the marine food web. However, the phytoplankton bloom may deplete the dissolved oxygen and shade aquatic life, and even damages the marine environment. In this study, the satellite-derived sea surface chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl-a) and sea surface temperature (SST) are considered to examine the behavior of the phytoplankton bloom in the sea around the western side of the Luzon Strait in the northeastern South China Sea (SCS). Meanwhile, the related sea surface wind (SSW) is also included to understand the possible mechanism to induce the high Chl-a plume around there. The results indicate that the clear high Chl-a water is mainly around the northeastern SCS in winter, and spreads out westward from the northern edge of the Luzon island, Philippines. The external force of this blooming is probably from monsoon wind driving, the strong and diverse winter monsoon in the Luzon Strait can develop a very clear positive wind stress curl in the northwestern side of Luzon island, and then induce the cold and high nutrient water upward. Meanwhile, the strong winter monsoon can also spread this cold water plume out to develop a very clear and large phytoplankton blooming around there.

scholarly journals Health Screening of the Reef Forming Scleractinian Cold-Water Corals Lophelia pertusa and Madrepora oculata in a Remote Submarine Canyon on the European Continental Margin, NE Atlantic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Appah ◽  
Sharon Lynch ◽  
Aaron Lim ◽  
Ruth O'Riordan ◽  
Luke O'Reilly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Water ◽  
Infection Intensity ◽  
Submarine Canyon ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Lophelia Pertusa ◽  
Ne Atlantic ◽  
The South ◽  
Mode Of Entry ◽  
Ocean Environment

Temperature and pH can expedite the ability of pathogens to cause diseases in cold-water corals (CWCs). The present study employed a combination of histology and polymerase chain reaction diagnostic techniques to investigate potential pathogens present in the CWCs Lophelia pertusa and Madrepora oculata in the Porcupine Bank Canyon (PBC), NE Atlantic. No pathogen was observed in the Madrepora samples. Neither histology nor standard PCR detected Vibrio spp. in the corals, although using Illumina technology, V. shilonii was observed in some L. pertusa samples in low abundances (0.22%). A Rickettsiales-like organisms (RLOs) occurred at a prevalence of 8.0% and at a low infection intensity of 1 - 4. Lophelia showed a few RLOs infection from the PBC canyon head (2.7%) and high infections in the south branch (5.3%). Similarly, unidentified cells observed in L. pertusa from the south branch (4.0%) were more common than those found in the canyon head (1.3%) with a prevalence of 5.3%. Although the route of pathogen infection is unclear, a likely mode of entry could be associated with particulate availability and the feeding strategies of the scleractinian corals. This suggest that L. pertusa invests energy into an enhanced immune function and reduced susceptibility to global pathogens despite a changing ocean environment.

scholarly journals Phenolic composition of Croatian olive leaves and their infusions obtained by hot and cold preparation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerija Majetić Germek ◽  
Paula Žurga ◽  
Olivera Koprivnjak ◽  
Kristina Grozić ◽  
Iva Previšić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Rate ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Olive Cultivars ◽  
Phenolic Profiles ◽  
C 30 ◽  
Distinct Separation ◽  
Agronomic Conditions

Leaves and infusions of six Croatian olive cultivars grown in an organic orchard under the same agronomic conditions were characterised by high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet/visible spectrophotometry (HPLC-UV/VIS). The total identified phenols in leaves ranged from 3 818 mg 100 g<sup>–1</sup> [cultivar Istarska crnica (IC)] to 10 572 mg 100 g<sup>–1</sup> of dry mass [cultivar Oblica (OB)]. The canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) provided a distinct separation of cultivars based on leaves' phenolic profiles. Hot- and cold-water infusions (200 mL) were prepared from 1 g of dry leaves. The average transfer rate of the total phenols in the cold-water infusions was 40% (25 °C/30 min), while in the hot-water infusions was 63% (75 °C/3 min) and 76% (100 °C/3 min). Although the cold-water infusions had the lowest transfer rate, they contained important levels of hydroxytyrosol derivatives ranging from 16.6 mg 200 mL<sup>–1</sup> to 36.5 mg 200 mL<sup>–1</sup> depending on the cultivar. Therefore, both hot and cold preparations are effective in obtaining antioxidant-rich natural beverages.

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