A model for categorical length data from groundfish surveys

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 1135-1142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgir Hrafnkelsson ◽  
Gunnar Stefánsson
Keyword(s):  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Length Distribution ◽  
Multinomial Distribution ◽  
Covariance Structure ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Estimation Procedure ◽  
Multinomial Model ◽  
Multivariate Gaussian Distribution ◽  
Length Data

An extension of the multinomial model of counts is presented to account for overdispersion and different correlation structure. Such models are needed in biological applications such as the analysis of length measurements from surveys of heterogeneous populations used for assessments of marine resources. One of the goals of such a survey is to estimate the length distribution of each species within a particular area. Using data on Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in Icelandic waters, it is demonstrated that the assumptions used in practice for categorical length data are seriously violated. The length data on cod exhibit variances that are larger than those of the standard multinomial model and correlation coefficients that are greater than those of the Dirichlet-multinomial model. To alleviate these problems, a hierarchical model based on the multinomial distribution and the logistically transformed multivariate Gaussian distribution is proposed. It is illustrated that this model captures the complex covariance structure of the data. The parameters in the models are estimated using a Bayesian estimation procedure based on Markov chain Monte Carlo.

Gillnet selectivity for North Sea Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua): model ambiguity and data quality are related

1999 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 1307-1316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Hovgård ◽  
Hans Lassen ◽  
Niels Madsen ◽  
Thomas Moth Poulsen ◽  
David Wileman
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Length Distribution ◽  
Selectivity Curve ◽  
Gamma Distributions ◽  
Model Ambiguity ◽  
Selectivity Model ◽  
Adequate Data

Gillnet selectivity curves for North Sea Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) were fitted to catch data obtained with six different mesh sizes. The selectivity curves investigated included frequently used selectivity models following the normal, lognormal, and gamma distributions. Another group of selectivity models that take the method of capture (gilled, maxillae, or "randomly" enmeshed) into consideration was also included. The best description of the selection data was found for the latter models. Therefore, the capture processes and girth measurements should be recorded as a matter of routine and such data used when constructing and evaluating gillnet selectivity models. The shape of the selectivity curve for those size intervals where there were satisfactory catch information was well defined, while the selection curve was ambiguous outside the interval with adequate data. Ambiguities in the shape of the selectivity curve can be diminished by choosing an appropriate range in mesh sizes and ensuring that the mesh sizes match the size distribution of the population fished. It is furthermore suggested that the estimated length distribution of the fish encountering the nets be robust to misspecification of the selectivity model.

Reduced Catch of Under-Sized Cod (Gadus morhua) in Longlining by Using Artificial Bait

1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 1112-1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svein Løkkeborg
Keyword(s):  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Prey Species ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Length Distribution ◽  
Catch Rate ◽  
Northern Norway ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Selective Effects

Three sizes of artificial bait incorporating shrimp flavour into polyurethane foam were compared with natural shrimp bait of the size used in commercial longlining. Fishing trials were conducted during the spring fishery for Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) off the coast of Northern Norway. The small artificial bait gave almost the same catch rate as natural shrimp bait, whereas artificial baits of larger sizes compared poorly. The length distribution of the catch was influenced by both bait type and bait size. Fewer small cod were caught on the artificial baits. There was no difference in the number of large cod. Mean cod length was therefore higher on the artificial baits and increasing the artificial bait size accentuated the difference. These effects are explained by different preferences with regard to prey species and size between small and large cod. The size selective effects of bait type and bait size are discussed in relation to conservation aspects.

Effects of temperature on life history set the sensitivity to fishing in Atlantic cod Gadus morhua

2014 ◽  
Vol 514 ◽  
pp. 217-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
HY Wang ◽  
LW Botsford ◽  
JW White ◽  
MJ Fogarty ◽  
F Juanes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

Responses of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua head kidney leukocytes to phytase produced by gastrointestinal-derived bacteria

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 883-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo C. Lazado ◽  
Christopher Marlowe A. Caipang ◽  
Sanchala Gallage ◽  
Monica F. Brinchmann ◽  
Viswanath Kiron
Keyword(s):  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Head Kidney

Some recent data on sperm morphology and motility kinetics in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayyed Mohammad Hadi Alavi ◽  
Azadeh Hatef ◽  
Ian A.E. Butts ◽  
Olga Bondarenko ◽  
Jacky Cosson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Sperm Morphology ◽  
Atlantic Cod

Natural mortality from poor condition in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)

2000 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 826-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Denis Dutil ◽  
Yvan Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Fish Muscle ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Wild Fish ◽  
Natural Mortality ◽  
Muscle Lactate ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Poor Condition

The extent of energy depletion was assessed in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in spring and early summer (1993-1995) to assess relationships between poor condition and natural mortality. Several indices of condition were compared in wild fish in the northern Gulf of St. Lawrence and in fish exposed to a prolonged period of starvation in laboratory experiments. Discriminant analyses classified only a small fraction of the wild fish as similar to cod that did not survive and a much larger fraction as similar to cod that survived starvation. This percentage increased from April to May and peaked in June 1993 and 1994. Condition factor and muscle somatic index allowed a clear distinction between live and dead fish. Muscle lactate dehydrogenase activity suggested that cod had experienced a period of negative growth early in 1993, 1994, and 1995. Fish classified as similar to starved individuals were characterized by a higher gonad to liver mass ratio than others. Reproduction may have a negative impact on survival not only in spring but also later into summer, as some individuals were found not to have recovered by late summer. This study shows that natural mortality from poor condition contributed to lower production in the early 1990s.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal microbial community changes in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) exposed to crude oil

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Bagi ◽  
Even Sannes Riiser ◽  
Hilde Steine Molland ◽  
Bastiaan Star ◽  
Thomas H. A. Haverkamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Community Changes

scholarly journals Development of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) exposed to produced water during early life stages: Effects on embryos, larvae, and juvenile fish

2010 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 383-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonnich Meier ◽  
H. Craig Morton ◽  
Gunnar Nyhammer ◽  
Bjørn Einar Grøsvik ◽  
Valeri Makhotin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Early Life Stages

Induction of triploidy in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) by thermal shocks

Aquaculture ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 272 ◽  
pp. S276
Author(s):  
A. Kettunen ◽  
G. Kauric ◽  
S. Peruzzi
Keyword(s):  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Thermal Shocks
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