Erratum: Implications of life-history invariants for biological reference points used in fishery management

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 1037-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik H Williams ◽  
Kyle W Shertzer
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Reference Points

Implications of life-history invariants for biological reference points used in fishery management

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 710-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik H Williams ◽  
Kyle W Shertzer
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Deterministic Model ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Natural Mortality ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Stock Recruitment ◽  
Harvest Policies

Fish harvest policies typically rely on biological reference points for measures of a stock's status. We examine three common biological reference points based on fishing mortality rates corresponding to maximum sustainable yield with an age-structured deterministic model. We incorporate invariant life-history relationships into the model to maintain parsimony and focus model parameters on biologically plausible parameter space. A wide range of biological and fishery characteristics were used in the model so that our results pertain to the management of virtually any exploited population. Results indicate that two biological reference points based on spawning biomass are insensitive to life-history parameters, whereas one based on natural mortality is highly sensitive. All three depend largely on the choice of a stock–recruitment function and on steepness, a measure of the population growth rate. For each of the three, values have been previously proposed that were intended to safely apply to all fisheries; our results show that no such universal values exist. We recommend determining stock–recruitment functions a priori, establishing biological reference points on steepness explicitly and eliminating harvest policies based on the natural mortality rate altogether.

A perspective on steepness, reference points, and stock assessment

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 930-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Mangel ◽  
Alec D. MacCall ◽  
Jon Brodziak ◽  
E.J. Dick ◽  
Robyn E. Forrest ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Stock Assessment ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
Life History Parameters ◽  
Stock Recruitment ◽  
Age Structured

We provide a perspective on steepness, reference points for fishery management, and stock assessment. We first review published data and give new results showing that key reference points are fixed when steepness and other life history parameters are fixed in stock assessments using a Beverton–Holt stock–recruitment relationship. We use both production and age-structured models to explore these patterns. For the production model, we derive explicit relationships for steepness and life history parameters and then for steepness and major reference points. For the age-structured model, we are required to generally use numerical computation, and so we provide an example that complements the analytical results of the production model. We discuss what it means to set steepness equal to 1 and how to construct a prior for steepness. Ways out of the difficult situation raised by fixing steepness and life history parameters include not fixing them, using a more complicated stock–recruitment relationship, and being more explicit about the information content of the data and what that means for policy makers. We discuss the strengths and limitations of each approach.

Fishing catch shares in the face of global change: a framework for integrating cumulative impacts and single species management

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 1968-1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac C. Kaplan ◽  
Phillip S. Levin ◽  
Merrick Burden ◽  
Elizabeth A. Fulton
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Ecosystem Model ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Cumulative Impacts ◽  
English Sole ◽  
Modeling Tools

Any fishery management scheme, such as individual fishing quotas (IFQs) or marine protected areas, should be designed to be robust to potential shifts in the biophysical system. Here we couple possible catch scenarios under an IFQ scheme with ocean acidification impacts on shelled benthos and plankton, using an Atlantis ecosystem model for the US West Coast. IFQ harvest scenarios alone, in most cases, did not have strong impacts on the food web, beyond the direct effects on harvested species. However, when we added the impacts of ocean acidification, the abundance of commercially important groundfish such as English sole ( Pleuronectes vetulus ), arrowtooth flounder ( Atheresthes stomias ), and yellowtail rockfish ( Sebastes flavidus ) declined up to 20%–80%, owing to the loss of shelled prey items from their diet. English sole exhibited a 10-fold decline in potential catch and economic yield when confronted with strong acidification impacts on shelled benthos. Therefore, it seems prudent to complement IFQs with careful consideration of potential global change effects such as acidification. Our analysis provides an example of how new ecosystem modeling tools that evaluate cumulative impacts can be integrated with established management reference points and decision mechanisms.

scholarly journals Can stock–recruitment points determine which spawning potential ratio is the best proxy for maximum sustainable yield reference points?

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1075-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Legault ◽  
Elizabeth N. Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Maximum Sustainable Yield ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Sustainable Yield ◽  
Marine Science ◽  
Fishing Mortality ◽  
Scatter Plots ◽  
Stock Recruitment ◽  
Spawning Potential Ratio

Abstract Legault, C. M., and Brooks, E. N. 2013. Can stock–recruitment points determine which spawning potential ratio is the best proxy for maximum sustainable yield reference points? – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 70: 1075–1080. The approach of examining scatter plots of stock–recruitment (S–R) estimates to determine appropriate spawning potential ratio (SPR)-based proxies for FMSY was investigated through simulation. As originally proposed, the approach assumed that points above a replacement line indicate year classes that produced a surplus of spawners, while points below that line failed to achieve replacement. In practice, this has been implemented by determining Fmed, the fishing mortality rate that produces a replacement line with 50% of the points above and 50% below the line. A new variation on this approach suggests FMSY proxies can be determined by examining the distribution of S–R points that are above or below replacement lines associated with specific SPRs. Through both analytical calculations and stochastic results, we demonstrate that this approach is fundamentally flawed and that in some cases the inference is diametrically opposed to the method's intended purpose. We reject this approach as a tool for determining FMSY proxies. We recommend that the current proxy of F40% be maintained as appropriate for a typical groundfish life history.

The influence of maternal effects in larval survival on fishery harvest reference points for two life-history patterns

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Spencer ◽  
Sarah B.M. Kraak ◽  
Edward A. Trippel
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Maternal Effects ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Life History Pattern ◽  
Gadus Macrocephalus ◽  
Potential Interactions

Increased larval viability with increased spawner age (i.e., maternal effects) have been observed in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and Pacific rockfish (Sebastes spp.) stocks. Analytical results from a Beverton–Holt recruitment model indicate density-independent maternal effects affected the relative stock productivity and fishing rate reference points. We simulated populations based on Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) and Pacific ocean perch (Sebastes alutus) to explore how estimates of reference points Fmsy and Fcrash are affected by maternal effects and potential interactions with life-history pattern, recruitment autocorrelation, and exploitation rate. Estimates of Fmsy and Fcrash were made from populations with maternal effects using either total larvae (proportional to eggs) or viable larvae (incorporating the maternal effect). Maternal effects have the largest impact upon estimated population productivity at high fishing rates. Estimates of Fmsy and Fcrash for cod were also affected by autocorrelated recruitment variability because of their reduced longevity compared with Pacific ocean perch. These results suggest the importance of evaluating the influence of maternal effects on estimated stock productivity on a case-by-case basis, particularly for depleted stocks composed of relatively young spawners.

Evaluating alternative estimators of fishery management reference points

2008 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa A. Haltuch ◽  
André E. Punt ◽  
Martin W. Dorn
Keyword(s):  
Fishery Management ◽  
Reference Points

scholarly journals Ecological Reference Points for Atlantic Menhaden Established Using an Ecosystem Model of Intermediate Complexity

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Chagaris ◽  
Katie Drew ◽  
Amy Schueller ◽  
Matt Cieri ◽  
Joana Brito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Striped Bass ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Stock Assessment ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Atlantic Menhaden ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Total Allowable Catch ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Ecosystem Impacts ◽  
Intermediate Complexity

Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus) are an important forage fish for many predators, and they also support the largest commercial fishery by weight on the U.S. East Coast. Menhaden management has been working toward ecological reference points (ERPs) that account for menhaden’s role in the ecosystem. The goal of this work was to develop menhaden ERPs using ecosystem models. An existing Ecopath with Ecosim model of the Northwest Atlantic Continental Shelf (NWACS) was reduced in complexity from 61 to 17 species/functional groups. The new NWACS model of intermediate complexity for ecosystems (NWACS-MICE) serves to link the dynamics of menhaden with key managed predators. Striped bass (Morone saxatilis) were determined to be most sensitive to menhaden harvest and therefore served as an indicator of ecosystem impacts. ERPs were based on the tradeoff relationship between the equilibrium biomass of striped bass and menhaden fishing mortality (F). The ERPs were defined as the menhaden F rates that maintain striped bass at their biomass target and threshold when striped bass are fished at their Ftarget, and all other modeled species were fished at status quo levels. These correspond to an ERP Ftarget of 0.19 and an ERP Fthreshold of 0.57, which are lower than the single species reference points by 30–40%, but higher than current (2017) menhaden F. The ERPs were then fed back into the age-structured stock assessment model projections to provide information on total allowable catch. The ERPs developed in this study were adopted by the Atlantic menhaden Management Board, marking a shift toward ecosystem-based fishery management for this economically and ecologically important species.

Evaluating the estimation of fishery management reference points in a variable environment

2009 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa A. Haltuch ◽  
André E. Punt ◽  
Martin W. Dorn
Keyword(s):  
Fishery Management ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Variable Environment

scholarly journals The monkfish fishery and its management in the northeastern USA

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 1370-1379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phil Haring ◽  
J-J. Maguire
Keyword(s):  
Fishery Management ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Maximum Sustainable Yield ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Sustainable Yield ◽  
Marine Science ◽  
The Us ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Northeastern Usa ◽  
Innovative Approaches

Abstract Haring, P., and Maguire, J-J. 2008. The monkfish fishery and its management in the northeastern USA. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 1370–1379. The domestic monkfish (Lophius americanus) fishery off the northeastern USA is described, along with the management response to the expansion of the fishery and the challenges posed to the management and scientific processes. The US fishery was virtually non-existent in the early 1980s, but it expanded rapidly over the next decade to the point that a management plan became necessary to regulate harvesting. By law, US fishery management plans must include measurable biological reference points based on maximum sustainable yield or a proxy; management plans must stop overfishing and rebuild overfished stocks. For monkfish, the limited biological and historical fisheries information presented significant challenges to science and management and resulted in the adoption of innovative approaches to comply with the law.

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