Otolith sulfur isotope method to reconstruct salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) life history

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter K Weber ◽  
Ian D Hutcheon ◽  
Kevin D McKeegan ◽  
B Lynn Ingram
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Sulfur Isotopes ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
Ion Microprobe ◽  
Juvenile Chinook Salmon ◽  
Isotope Method ◽  
Potential Applications

We report a new ion microprobe method to reconstruct aspects of fish life history based on sulfur isotopes (34S/32S, expressed as δ34S). Selected hatchery raised and naturally spawned juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) are shown to have a 12.96 ± 0.27‰ (mean ± 2 standard errors) difference in muscle δ34S values, corresponding to δ34S differences between the hatchery and freshwater diets. Isotopic microanalyses of otoliths demonstrate that this 13‰ difference is preserved in the otoliths. We interpret the otolith δ34S record to be a chronology of dietary δ34S, with approximately one-week temporal resolution, preserved in these banded calcium carbonate structures. Potential applications of this method include identifying hatchery raised fish and reconstructing nutrition sources, migration, and other aspects of fish life history.

Erratum: Otolith sulfur isotope method to reconstruct salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) life history

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter K Weber ◽  
Ian D Hutcheon ◽  
Kevin D McKeegan ◽  
B Lynn Ingram
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Isotope Method

scholarly journals Managed Wetlands Can Benefit Juvenile Chinook Salmon in a Tidal Marsh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Aha ◽  
Peter B. Moyle ◽  
Nann A. Fangue ◽  
Andrew L. Rypel ◽  
John R. Durand
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Nursery Habitat ◽  
San Francisco Estuary ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Juvenile Chinook Salmon ◽  
Juvenile Chinook

AbstractLoss of estuarine and coastal habitats worldwide has reduced nursery habitat and function for diverse fishes, including juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Underutilized off-channel habitats such as flooded rice fields and managed ponds present opportunities for improving rearing conditions and increasing habitat diversity along migratory corridors. While experiments in rice fields have shown enhanced growth rates of juvenile fishes, managed ponds are less studied. To evaluate the potential of these ponds as a nursery habitat, juvenile Chinook salmon (~ 2.8 g, 63 mm FL) were reared in cages in four contrasting locations within Suisun Marsh, a large wetland in the San Francisco Estuary. The locations included a natural tidal slough, a leveed tidal slough, and the inlet and outlet of a tidally muted managed pond established for waterfowl hunting. Fish growth rates differed significantly among locations, with the fastest growth occurring near the outlet in the managed pond. High zooplankton biomass at the managed pond outlet was the best correlate of salmon growth. Water temperatures in the managed pond were also cooler and less variable compared to sloughs, reducing thermal stress. The stress of low dissolved oxygen concentrations within the managed pond was likely mediated by high concentrations of zooplankton and favorable temperatures. Our findings suggest that muted tidal habitats in the San Francisco Estuary and elsewhere could be managed to promote growth and survival of juvenile salmon and other native fishes.

A New Multilocus Probe for DNA Fingerprinting in Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), and Comparisons with a Single-Locus Probe

1993 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 1559-1567 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Stevens ◽  
R. E. Withler ◽  
S. H. Goh ◽  
T. D. Beacham
Keyword(s):  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Polymorphic Locus ◽  
Pedigree Analysis ◽  
Single Locus ◽  
Dna Fingerprint ◽  
Dna Fragments ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Discriminatory Ability ◽  
Juvenile Chinook Salmon

A multilocus DNA probe, B2-2, isolated from chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and a single-locus Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) probe, 3.15.34, were examined for discriminatory ability among seven parents and 33–37 juveniles from five families of chinook salmon. DNA fingerprint patterns were observed in Hae III-digested chinook salmon DNA probed with B2-2. Between 8 and 20 fragments, from 2.20 kilobase pairs (kbp) to 19.0 kbp, were detected in each individual. The level of band sharing among unrelated parents was 0.18. Probe 3.15.34 hybridized with a total of nine DNA fragments, from 3.35 to 6.00 kbp, in the chinook salmon parents and progeny. One or two fragments were detected in each individual. Pedigree analysis confirmed that 3.15.34 detected both alleles of a single polymorphic locus whereas B2-2 detected autosomal, unlinked, predominantly heterozygous DNA fragments that were inherited in a Mendelian fashion at a minimum of 10 polymorphic loci. Among juvenile chinook salmon, levels of band sharing detected with probe B2-2 increased with increasing relatedness, and clustering based on differences in banding patterns distinguished unrelated progeny, half sibs, and full sibs even in the absence of parental genotypic data.

Predator avoidance ability of juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) subjected to sublethal exposures of gas-supersaturated water

1997 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 757-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
M G Mesa ◽  
J J Warren
Keyword(s):  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Predator Avoidance ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Dissolved Gas ◽  
Juvenile Chinook Salmon ◽  
Unexposed Control ◽  
Lateral Lines ◽  
Gill Filaments ◽  
Juvenile Chinook

To assess the effects of gas bubble trauma (GBT) on the predator avoidance ability of juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), we created groups of fish that differed in prevalence and severity of gas emboli in their lateral lines, fins, and gills by exposing them to 112% total dissolved gas (TDG) for 13 days, 120% TDG for 8 h, or 130% TDG for 3.5 h. We subjected exposed and unexposed control fish simultaneously to predation by northern squawfish (Ptychocheilus oregonensis) in water of normal gas saturation in 6, 18, and 10 tests using prey exposed to 112, 120, and 130% TDG, respectively. Only fish exposed to 130% TDG showed a significant increase in vulnerability to predation. The signs of GBT exhibited by fish sampled just prior to predator exposure were generally more severe in fish exposed to 130% TDG, which had the most extensive occlusion of the lateral line and gill filaments with gas emboli. Fish exposed to 112% TDG had the most severe signs of GBT in the fins. Our results suggest that fish showing GBT signs similar to those of our fish exposed to 130% TDG, regardless of their precise exposure history, may be more vulnerable to predation.

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