Lower Ordovician scolecodonts from the Cow Head Group, western Newfoundland

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 895-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole K. Underhay ◽  
S. Henry Williams
Keyword(s):  
Head Group ◽  
Insufficient Data ◽  
Early Paleozoic ◽  
Ecological Control ◽  
Lower Ordovician ◽  
The World ◽  
Rapid Diversification

A scolecodont (polychaete jaw) fauna from the latest Tremadoc and Arenig strata of the Cow Head Group includes some of the earliest representatives of these fossils in the world. No biostratigraphically useful changes seem to occur within the interval, although rapid diversification follows their appearance in the latest Tremadoc. Insufficient data were recovered to permit conclusions regarding ecological control of assemblages in early Paleozoic, down-slope environments.

Lower Ordovician (Arenig–Llanvirn) graptolites from the Notre Dame Subzone, central Newfoundland

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 1717-1733 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Henry Williams
Keyword(s):  
Long Island ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Black Shales ◽  
Head Group ◽  
Sedimentary Sequence ◽  
Lower Paleozoic ◽  
Lower Ordovician ◽  
The World ◽  
Paleozoic Rocks ◽  
Limestone Breccia

Many lower Paleozoic rocks in the Notre Dame Subzone of central Newfoundland are of unknown or imprecise age. Several new Lower Ordovician graptolite occurrences are here reported and earlier records revised. New graptolite localities in the Balsam Bud Cove Formation at Snooks Arm on the Baie Verte Peninsula, previously recorded as "early Ordovician (Arenig)" have yielded an assemblage identical to that found in the middle part of Bed 11 of the Cow Head Group, western Newfoundland, indicating a probable lower Didymograptus bifidus Zone age. At Corner Pond, southeast of Corner Brook, an abundant, diverse fauna from the Corner Pond formation indicates a marginally older age for the black shales than those at Snooks Arm (Pendeograptus fruticosus Zone, equivalent to lower Bed 11). Black shales associated with felsic volcanics and limestone breccia belonging to the Cutwell Group at Lushes Bight, on Long Island, western Notre Dame Bay, which were previously assigned to the widespread black shales of the Lawrence Harbour Formation and equivalents in the Exploits Subzone, contain a rich lower Llanvirn (Paraglossograptus tentaculatus Zone) graptolite assemblage. This agrees with ages established using other macrofossils and conodonts from the associated limestones. In contrast, a lower shale unit from older strata at Southern Head on the eastern end of the island yields a late Arenig Isograptus victoriae maximus Zone assemblage. These newly discovered graptolite faunas provide precise ages for the upper and lower parts of the volcano-sedimentary sequence on Long Island. Interestingly, all four graptolite assemblages discussed here are of open-ocean affinity, permitting accurate correlation with localities not only in western Newfoundland but also elsewhere in the world.

Middle Ordovician Table Head Group of western Newfoundland: a revised stratigraphy

1980 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 1007-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin F. Klappa ◽  
Paul R. Opalinski ◽  
Noel P. James
Keyword(s):  
Carbonate Platform ◽  
Head Group ◽  
Group Status ◽  
Middle Ordovician ◽  
Iapetus Ocean ◽  
Lower Ordovician ◽  
Head Formation ◽  
New Formation

Lithostratigraphic nomenclature of early Middle Ordovician strata from western Newfound land is formally revised. The present Table Head Formation is raised to group status and extended to include overlying interbedded terrigenoclastic-rich calcarenites and shales with lime megabreccias. Four new formation names are proposed: Table Point Formation (previously lower Table Head); Table Cove Formation (previously middle Table Head); Black Cove Formation (previously upper Table Head); and Cape Cormorant Formation (previously Caribou Brook formation). The Table Point Formation comprises bioturbated, fossiliferous grey, hackly limestones and minor dolostones; the Table Cove Formation comprises interbedded lime mudstones and grey–black calcareous shales; the Black Cove Formation comprises black graptolitic shales; and the Cape Cormorant Formation comprises interbedded terrigenoclastic and calcareous sandstones, siltstones, and shales, punctuated by massive or thick-bedded lime megabreccias. The newly defined Table Head Group rests conformably or disconformably on dolostones of the Lower Ordovician St. George Group (an upward-migrating diagenetic dolomitization front commonly obscures the contact) and is overlain concordantly by easterly-derived flysch deposits. Upward-varying lithologic characteristics within the Table Head Group result from fragmentation and subsidence of the Cambro-Ordovician carbonate platform and margin during closure of a proto-Atlantic (Iapetus) Ocean.

scholarly journals Lithostratigraphic and allostratigraphic framework of the Cambrian–Ordovician Potsdam Group and correlations across Early Paleozoic southern Laurentia

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 550-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Lowe ◽  
R.W.C. Arnott ◽  
Godfrey S. Nowlan ◽  
A.D. McCracken
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Early Paleozoic ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
Shallow Marine ◽  
Upper Cambrian ◽  
Subaerial Exposure ◽  
Marine Sedimentation ◽  
Lower Ordovician ◽  
Fluvial Sedimentation ◽  
Mixed Carbonate

The Potsdam Group is a Cambrian to Lower Ordovician siliciclastic unit that crops out along the southeastern margins of the Ottawa graben. From its base upward, the Potsdam consists of the Ausable, Hannawa Falls, and Keeseville formations. In addition, the Potsdam is subdivided into three allounits: allounit 1 comprises the Ausable and Hannawa Falls, and allounits 2 and 3, respectively, the lower and upper parts of the Keeseville. Allounit 1 records Early to Middle Cambrian syn-rift arkosic fluvial sedimentation (Ausable Formation) with interfingering mudstone, arkose, and dolostone of the marine Altona Member recording transgression of the easternmost part of the Ottawa graben. Rift sedimentation was followed by a Middle Cambrian climate change resulting in local quartzose aeolian sedimentation (Hannawa Falls Formation). Allounit 1 sedimentation termination coincided with latest(?) Middle Cambrian tectonic reactivation of parts of the Ottawa graben. Allounit 2 (lower Keeseville) records mainly Upper Cambrian quartzose fluvial sedimentation, with transgression of the northern Ottawa graben resulting in deposition of mixed carbonate–siliciclastic strata of the marine Rivière Aux Outardes Member. Sedimentation was then terminated by an earliest Ordovician regression and unconformity development. Allounit 3 (upper Keeseville) records diachronous transgression across the Ottawa graben that by the Arenigian culminated in mixed carbonate–siliciclastic, shallow marine sedimentation (Theresa Formation). The contact separating the Potsdam Group and Theresa Formation is conformable, except locally in parts of the northern Ottawa graben where the presence of localized islands and (or) coastal salients resulted in subaerial exposure and erosion of the uppermost Potsdam strata, and accordingly unconformity development.

The Control Technique of Rubber Borers by Pheromone Traps in Hainan

2014 ◽  
Vol 962-965 ◽  
pp. 699-702
Author(s):  
Hui Lu ◽  
Fu Ping Lu ◽  
Xue Lian Xu ◽  
Qing Chen
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Ecological Control ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The World ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

The rubber borers, called of the bark beetles, is the most important pest of the rubber trees in the world. The effect of the pheromone releasing measure, a kind of ecological control method, was investigated over 2 years in Nanbao Farm, Lingao county, Hainan, China. The pheromone used was (s)-(+)-Ipsidenol, a commercially available rubber borers aggregation pheromone. There were 6 treatments, including 10m, 20m, 30m, 40m, 50m and 100m distance. Pheromone lures were changed monthly at which time the traps were moved to a different location within the stand. There were no significant differences in 30m distance catches of the rubber borers per traps. Meanwhile, there was no significant difference in plant damage between the pheromone treatment of 2.5 mg/mL and 3 mg/mL traps. The results also showed that the relationship between the mean number of the rubber borers per 5 days and average temperature was not significant.

scholarly journals Psychiatrists are stakeholders in improving access to controlled medicines

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 98-100
Author(s):  
Willem Scholten
Keyword(s):  
Severe Pain ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Drug Control ◽  
Insufficient Data ◽  
Need For Treatment ◽  
Strong Opioid ◽  
The World

Medicines made from substances that are controlled under the international drug control treaties (‘controlled medicines’) are out of reach for the majority of patients around the world. Seya et al (2011) demonstrated that 5.5 billion people (83% of the world's population) live in countries with little or no access to opioid analgesics, 250 million (4%) have moderate access and only 460 million people (7%) have adequate access. Insufficient data are available for 430 million (7%). If the need for treatment of moderate to severe pain were to be satisfied adequately, the global consumption of strong opioid analgesics would go up from 231 tonnes of morphine-equivalents to 1292 tonnes.

scholarly journals Summary account of the Lower Ordovician (Arenig) graptolite biostratigraphy of the Cow Head Group, western Newfoundland

1987 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 259-270
Author(s):  
S. Henry Williams ◽  
Robert K. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Continental Margin ◽  
North American ◽  
Repeated Exposure ◽  
Head Group ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
Lower Ordovician ◽  
Evolutionary Step ◽  
American Standard ◽  
Lower Slope

The Cow Head Group is an allochthonous sequence of Middle Cambrian to late Arenig sedimentary brec­cias, limestones and shales deposited in a deep lower slope environment close to a continental margin. Im­bricate thrusting has resulted in repeated exposure of laterally equivalent "proximal" to "distal" facies which may be correlated using graptolitic control in the interbeds. "Proximal" sections are characterised by massive, coarse breccias with interbedded limestones and green/dark grey shales. More distal ex­posures have fewer and thinner breccias and limestones, while the green/grey shales are replaced pro­gressively by red, non-graptolitic ones. Although the succession is by no mean unbroken or complete, it furnishes one of the best and most con­tinuously graptolitic sections through the Arenig. A new zonal scheme is erected for the Cow Head Group, which could prove suitable as a new North American standard. Furthermore, several limestones and siliceous shales have yielded exquisitely preserved isolated material, permitting integration of fine growth detail with complete flattened specimens. With the exception of the uppermost Arenig U. austrodentatus Zone, Arenig graptoloids possess a pro­sicular origin for thl1• The earliest graptoloids with a metasicular origin for the first theca appear in this zone, including Undulograptus, Cryptograptus and Paraglossograptus. This interval, equivalent to Dai of the Australasian scheme, therefore represents a hitherto unrecorded major evolutionary step in graptolite evolution.

scholarly journals Molecular (ISSR, cp DNA, ITS) and Morphological Study of the Genus Tragopogon L. (Asteraceae)

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hejraneh Azizi ◽  
Masoud Sheidai ◽  
Valiollah Mozaffarian ◽  
Zahra Noormohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Dna Markers ◽  
Morphological Study ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Interspecific Relationship ◽  
The World ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
Rapid Diversification ◽  
Species Hybridization

Abstract Tragopogon L. (Cichorioideae, Lactuceae, Scorzonerinae) is an Old World genus with 150 species, Rechinger in Flora Iranica divided this genus in 13 section and 37 species that 26 species of them are exist in Iran. Safavi et al. divided it into 26 species without sections in flora Iran. Despite the anatomical and molecular studies done around the world, the exact classification of this genus is not clear due to the high number of secret species, hybridization, polyploidy and rapid diversification. The morphology studies of 32 species and Molecular studies (ISSR, ITS, cp DNA) of 22 species of the genus Tragopogon was investigated . The purpose of these studies are classification and determination of interspecific relationship in this genus. Sections of Rubriflori, Sosnowskya, Chromopappus, Majores, Angustissimi, Krascheninnikovia in flora of Iranica are confirmed on the basis of morphometry and molecular data. Section of Profundisulcati in flora Iranica is confirmed on the base of morphometry data. The Species of T. jesdianus, T . porphyrocephalus, T. rezaiyensis and T. Stroterocarpus in the flora of Iranica are not classified in any section which we classified in the Rubriflori section, Cp DNA dendrogram are not useful for classification in this genus and Chloroplast sequences are very similar among Tragopogon species, Therefore, the use of cp DNA markers in the classification of this genus is not recommended.

Fauna of the lower Beauharnois Formation (Beekmantown Group, Lower Ordovician), Grande-Île, Quebec

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1132-1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvain Desbiens ◽  
Thomas E. Bolton ◽  
Alexander D. McCracken
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Head Group ◽  
Faunal Assemblage ◽  
Lower Ordovician ◽  
Assemblage Zone

Lenses of bioclastic packstone and grainstone within the lower dolomite sequence of the Ogdensburg Member, Beauharnois Formation (Beekmantown Group, Lower Ordovician), in the Valleyfield region, Quebec, bear a distinct diverse faunal assemblage. This Isoteloides–Goniotelina–Ribeiria assemblage is characterized by brachiopods Finkelnburgia armanda (Billings) and Finkelnburgia cullisoni Ulrich and Cooper, molluscs Ribeiria calcifera Billings, "Maclurites" affinis (Billings), and Ceratopea canadensis (Billings), and trilobites Isoteloides canalis (Whitfield), Isoteloides peri Fortey, Bolbocephalus convexus (Billings), Goniotelina subrectus (Bradley), Strigigenalis caudata (Billings), and Hystricurus conicus (Billings). Precise correlation of this lower Beauharnois megafauna is with the Strigigenalis caudata Zone of the Catoche Formation, Cassinian Stage, of western Newfoundland, the Oxford Formation of southeastern Ontario, the Fort Cassin Formation, Cassinian Stage, Canadian Series of New York–Vermont, and the Ross–Hintze trilobite Zone G2 of Utah, Upper Ibexian Series (Tulean Stage). Conodonts include Acodus comptus (Branson and Mehl), Acodus delicatus (Branson and Mehl), Colaptoconus emarginatus (Barnes and Tuke), Colaptoconus quadraplicatus (Branson and Mehl), Scolopodus subrex Ji and Barnes, Drepanoistodus angulensis (Harris), and Oepikodus communis (Ethington and Clark). This fauna corresponds to the Oepikodus communis–"Microzarkodina" marathonensis Zone, which has its lowest limit above the middle of Zone G2 in the Ibex area of Utah. In western Newfoundland, the fauna correlates with the Oepikodus communis – Protoprioniodus simplicissimus Assemblage Zone of the Catoche Formation, and the Prioniodus elegans and Oepikodus evae zones in the Cow Head Group.

Upper Wenlock and lower Ludlow (Silurian), post-extinction graptolites, Všeradice section, Barrandian area, Czech Republic

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kozłowska-Dawidziuk ◽  
A.C. Lenz ◽  
P. Štorch
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
New Species ◽  
Small Interval ◽  
Ecological Control ◽  
Typical Form ◽  
The World ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Barrandian Area

The Všeradice section was trenched and continuously sampled for graptolites from the base of the post-extinction upper Homerian strata to low in the Ludlow. The upper Homerian is divisible into three biozones, a lower parvus–nassa Biozone, a middle praedeubeli–deubeli Biozone, and an upper ludensis–gerhardi Biozone, the last named being succeeded by graptolites of the lowest Ludlow nilssoni Biozone. The graptolite diversity of nine species in the upper part of the parvus–nassa Biozone is the highest in the world. Five monograptid species, Pristiograptus parvus Ulst, 1974, P. dubius (Suess, 1851), Colonograptus deubeli (Jaeger, 1959), Colonograptus gerhardi (Kühne, 1955), and Colonograptus praedeubeli (Jaeger, 1990) are described from the upper Homerian. Twelve species of retiolitids, Gothograptus nassa (Holm, 1890), Neogothograptus cf. balticus (Eisenack, 1951), Spinograptus spinosus (Wood, 1900), Spinograptus clathrospinosus (Eisenack, 1951), Spinograptus munchi (Eisenack, 1951), Spinograptus reticulolawsoni (Kozłowska-Dawidziuk, 1997) Spinograptus? cf. nevadensis (Berry and Murphy, 1975), Spinograptus? sp. A and Spinograptus? sp. B, Plectograptus macilentus (Törnquist, 1887), and Plectograptus? karlsteinensis new species and Plectograptus? ovatus new species, are described and illustrated from upper Homerian and lowest Ludlow strata. The two new species occur in the upper parvus–nassa and lowest praedeubeli–deubeli, and ludensis–gerhardi biozones, respectively. Two morphs of Gothograptus nassa, a narrow (more typical) form, and a wide form, are recognized. While overlapping in their overall ranges, their occurrences in any particular small interval are sometimes mutually exclusive, suggesting ecological control.

scholarly journals Ordovician radiolarian biodiversity : insights based on new and revised data from Kazakhstan

2003 ◽  
Vol 174 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taniel Danelian ◽  
Leonid Popov
Keyword(s):  
Carbonate Rocks ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Members ◽  
Radiolarian Assemblage ◽  
Good State ◽  
Lower Ordovician ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Lower Palaeozoic ◽  
Age Range

Abstract Since the 1970s Ordovician carbonate rocks from Kazakhstan have provided well-preserved radiolarian faunas and this country remains one of the most important areas in the world to learn about Lower Palaeozoic radiolarian taxonomy and biostratigraphy. Here we describe a new lower Arenigian radiolarian assemblage and discuss all currently available Ordovician radiolarian data from Kazakhstan. The newly discovered assemblage is curiously oligospecific, despite its good state of preservation. Four morphospecies are recognised, including a new genus and two new species : Inanihella bakanasensis (Nazarov) and I.(?) akzhala n.sp, which characterise the assemblage, together with Triplococcus acanthicus n.gen n.sp. and Proventocitum sp.cf. P. procerulum. This is the oldest radiolarian assemblage from limestone lithologies of Kazakhstan and one of the very few Lower Ordovician assemblages discovered worldwide. We specify in this study the age range of the succeeding Haplentactinia armillata-Proventocitum procerulum assemblage, defined earlier by Nazarov and Popov [1980], which now covers the middle Arenigian – lower Llanvirnian (lower Abereiddian) interval. The succeeding upper Llanvirnian (Llandeilian) Haplentactinia juncta – Inanigutta unica assemblage reported by Nazarov and Popov [1980] reflects a substantial increase in radiolarian diversity, due largely to the introduction of new members of the family Inaniguttidae.

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