Holocene sea-level change on the central west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 832-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre A. Friele ◽  
Ian Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Simple Simulation ◽  
Coastal Deposits ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Topographic Surveys

A new Holocene relative-sea-level (RSL) curve is proposed for the central west coast of Vancouver Island based on topographic surveys of coastal landforms and the stratigraphy of coastal deposits. Six study sites are described on Vargas Island and Esowista and Ucluth peninsulas and 23 previously unpublished radiocarbon ages that constrain mean-sea-level (MSL) position are presented. A long-term rise in RSL from an early Holocene (> 7000 BP) lowstand below −3 m asl is documented from dates on tree stumps in the intertidal zone and salt-marsh peats and forest-floor deposits buried by marine sands and gravels. Submergence culminated in a stillstand from 6000 to 4800 BP, marked by the development of a strandline at 6 m asl (MSL ≈ 3.2 m asl). A fall in RSL is documented by a strandline at 4.0–4.5 m asl, which dates from 2700 to 2000 BP (MSL ≈ 2.0 m asl). Little is known of the dynamics of emergence between 4800 and 2700 BP or from 2000 BP to the present, although the absence of strandlines below 4 m asl suggests continuous emergence during the last two millenia. This submergence–emergence cycle is unique in southern British Columbia. A simple simulation model suggests that late Holocene emergence was induced by tectonic uplift of the edge of the America plate margin.

Late Quaternary sea levels and crustal movements, coastal British Columbia

1982 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 597-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Clague ◽  
John R. Harper ◽  
R. J. Hebda ◽  
D. E. Howes
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Sea Level Change ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Relative Sea Level ◽  
Crustal Movements ◽  
Level Change ◽  
Queen Charlotte Islands

Late Quaternary sea-level fluctuations on the British Columbia coast have been established from studies of terrestrial and marine sediments and landforms. These studies indicate that the sea-level history of mainland British Columbia and eastern Vancouver Island is very different from that of the Queen Charlotte Islands and western Vancouver Island. Specifically, in the former areas, there was a rapid rise of submerged coastal lowlands between about 13 000 and 10 000 years ago. Emergence culminated about 6000–9000 years ago, depending on the locality, when the sea, relative to the land, was 12 m or more lower than at present in some areas. During middle and late Holocene time, relative sea level rose on the mainland coast and at least locally on eastern Vancouver Island, resulting in inundation of coastal archaeological sites and low-lying terrestrial vegetation. Tidal records and precise levelling suggest ongoing submergence of at least part of this region.In contrast, shorelines on the Queen Charlotte Islands were below present from before 13 700 years ago until approximately 9500–10 000 years ago. A transgression at the close of the Pleistocene climaxed about 7500–8500 years ago when relative sea level probably was about 15 m above present in most areas. Most of the emergence that followed apparently occurred in the last 5000–6000 years. There has been a similar pattern of emergence on the west coast of Vancouver Island during late Holocene time.The above patterns of late Quaternary sea-level change are attributed to complex isostatic response to downwasting and retreat of the late Wisconsin Cordilleran Ice Sheet, to transfers of water from melting ice sheets to oceans, and to plate interactions on the British Columbia continental margin. Late Pleistocene and early Holocene crustal movements were dominantly isostatic. Although the recent regression on the outer coast likely is due, at least in part, to tectonic uplift, some late Holocene sea-level change in this area and elsewhere on the British Columbia coast may be either eustatic in nature or a residual isostatic response to deglaciation, which occurred thousands of years earlier.

Trends in wild adult steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) abundance for coastal regions of British Columbia support the variable marine survival hypothesis

2000 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry D Smith ◽  
Bruce R Ward
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Coastal Upwelling ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
Queen Charlotte Islands ◽  
Marine Survival

Wild adult steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) abundance for rivers in British Columbia was indexed using catch-per-angler-day (CpAD) calculated from data obtained using an angler questionnaire. Mean annual CpAD for primarily winter-run steelhead in rivers of four rainfall-driven coastal regions of British Columbia showed similar trends from the fiscal year 1967-1968 to 1989-1990. After 1989-1990 the trends diverged. The generally remote rivers of the west coast of Vancouver Island and the Queen Charlotte Islands maintained a steady or increasing trend in CpAD after 1989-1990. The long-term trend for these two regions correlated well with a joint index of winter and summer upwelling for the Coastal Upwelling Domain for the years that steelhead are at sea and is consistent with studies that relate marine survival of salmon to oceanic-atmospheric climate. In contrast with west coast Vancouver Island and the Queen Charlotte Islands, most rivers of the east coast of Vancouver Island and the lower mainland near Vancouver revealed declining trends since 1989-1990. Most of these rivers drain into the Strait of Georgia. Reasons for the discrepancy among regions after about 1990 are discussed. They include high angling pressure related to hatchery supplementation, differences in riverine and marine conditions, and smolt migration distance.

The nootka and sandwich vocabularies in the relación de la entrada de san lorenzo de nutka (1789)

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebeca Fernández Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
The West ◽  
San Lorenzo

AbstractNootka is an historical fur-trading centre in Yuquot, on the west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. In 1788, the Spanish king Charles III sent an expedition to Nootka commanded by Ignacio Arteaga (1731-1783). A year later, Spain established a military post, San Lorenzo de Nutka, at Yuquot in 1789 which existed until 1795. The missionaries who arrived with the sailors were urged to learn the vernacular languages in order to evangelize. In chapter 5 of the

A Model of Seawater Structure Near the West Coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia

1963 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 939-967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert K. Lane
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
The West ◽  
Characteristic Structure ◽  
Oceanographic Data ◽  
Vertical Sections

Oceanographic data collected in a line of stations extending seaward of the west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, were reviewed and analyzed. On the basis of these data and the large-scale meteorological processes of wind, insolation, and precipitation, the characteristic structure of temperature and salinity in the coastal region was denned in five temporal stages throughout the year. These stages are presented as vertical sections along the line with characteristic ranges of values to be found in each of the structural elements.

RECORDS OF SOME SPECIES OF POLYCHAETA NEW TO BRITISH COLUMBIA AND OF EXTENSIONS IN DISTRIBUTION OF SOME OTHERS

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 839-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Berkeley
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
The Other ◽  
The West ◽  
New Subspecies ◽  
Northeast Pacific ◽  
Considerable Depth ◽  
Geographical Locations

Twenty-five species of Polychaeta recently collected off the coast of British Columbia are discussed. Most were taken in waters of considerable depth off the west coast of Vancouver Island. Sixteen are new to British Columbia. Most of these are known from farther south on the west coast of North America, but some from much shallower depths than those from which they are now recorded; two of them are new to the northeast Pacific; one is a new subspecies. The other nine have been previously known from British Columbia, but they are now recorded from much greater depths than hitherto, or in new geographical locations.

Lampetra macrostoma, a New Species of Freshwater Parasitic Lamprey from the West Coast of Canada

1982 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 736-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Beamish
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
New Species ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
The West ◽  
Large Disc ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
A New Species

Lampetra macrostoma n.sp., a freshwater parasitic lamprey, is distinguished from related species L. tridentata, L. lethophaga, L. folletti, L. minima, and L. similis by its parasitic habit and very large disc. Other characters distinguishing the species from L. tridentata are its longer prebranchial length, large eye, weakly pigmented velar tentacles, and its ability to remain in freshwater. The recently metamorphosed form readily survives in freshwater and probably is non-anadromous even though it can survive in salt water. The new species has been discovered in two lakes on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, where it attacks large numbers of resident salmonids. Because of its ability to survive and feed in freshwater, it poses a definite threat to freshwater fishes.Key words: lamprey, new species, non-anadromous lamprey, salmonid parasitism

A Statistical Examination of Anisakis Larvae (Nematoda) in Herring (Clupea pallasi) of the British Columbia Coast

1955 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne M. M. Bishop ◽  
Leo Margolis
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
First Year ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
The West ◽  
Strait Of Georgia ◽  
Clupea Pallasi ◽  
First Year Of Life

The presence of larval Anisakis in British Columbia herring was examined during the winter fisheries of 1950–51 and 1951–52. In the commercial catches in the Strait of Georgia the incidence was found to be between 80 and 90%. In Hecate Strait, on the west coast of Vancouver Island and in the mainland coastal area of Queen Charlotte Sound it was between 90 and 100%. The intensity of infection varied greatly in different fishing areas (i.e. in different herring populations). Generally, the maximum level of infection occurred in the Queen Charlotte Sound coastal regions, and decreased both north and south of this area. Fish on the west coast of Vancouver Island were more heavily infected than those on the east coast (Strait of Georgia). The level of infection increased with age, I-year fish (i.e. fish in their first year of life) being uninfected. The intensity of infection remained constant throughout the winter for any particular age and area and was the same for both sexes. In most areas the level of infection was a little lower in 1951–52 than in 1950–51.

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