Cretaceous (Albian–Turonian) foraminiferal biostratigraphy and paleogeography of northern Montana and southern Alberta

1988 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 316-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold R. Lang ◽  
Alan McGugan
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Tectonic Activity ◽  
Planktonic Foraminifer ◽  
The West ◽  
Isopach Maps ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
International Border ◽  
North And South ◽  
East West

In Albian–Turonian time, the interior of North America was flooded by a seaway extending from the present Gulf of Mexico to the Arctic Ocean. Detailed studies of this interval north and south of the Canada – United States international border have not usually been integrated. The present foraminiferal biostratigraphic study includes a 38 000 km2 area straddling the Alberta–Montana border from the Lewis thrust in the west to the Sweetgrass Hills in the east, including the Sweetgrass Arch.Stratigraphic cross sections and isopach maps of six Albian – early Turonian stratigraphic units prepared from 57 surface and subsurface sections demonstrate that sedimentation was controlled primarily by (i) sporadic volcanism to the west and (ii) tectonic activity coincident with the present location of the Sweetgrass Arch.The occurrence of the late Cenomanian planktonic foraminifer, Rotalipora cushmani, in association with three other keeled species, suggests an east–west marine connection between the eastern Pacific and Western Interior. This interpretation is consistent with the facies model described by Kauffman, the paleogeographic model developed in the present study, reported gastropod paleozoogeographic data, and reevaluation of pelecypod and ammonite paleozoogeographic interpretations.

scholarly journals Global variations of local asymmetry in glacier altitude: separation of north–south and east–west components

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (174) ◽  
pp. 469-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian S. Evans ◽  
Nicholas J. Cox
Keyword(s):  
The Arctic ◽  
Equilibrium Line Altitude ◽  
Height Range ◽  
The North ◽  
Regional Trends ◽  
Strong Winds ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
North And South ◽  
East West

AbstractNorth–south and east–west differences in firn-line altitude, equilibrium-line altitude or middle altitudes of glaciers can be separated by regression on the cosine and sine of glacier aspect (accumulation area azimuth). Allowing for regional trends in altitude, the north–south differences expected from radiation and shade effects can be reliably quantified from World Glacier Inventory (WGI) data. The north–south differences are greater in sunnier climates, mid-latitudes and steeper relief. Local altitude differences between north- and south-facing glaciers are commonly 70–320 m. Such asymmetry is near-universal, although weak in the Arctic and tropics. East–west contrasts are less, and found mainly in the tropics and areas most exposed to strong winds. Altitude, latitude, glacier gradient and height range, calculable from most of the WGI data, are potential controls on the degree of north–south contrast, as well as surrogates for climatic controls (temperature, precipitation, radiation and cloudiness). An asymmetric sine–cosine power model is developed to describe the variation of north–south contrast with latitude. Multiple regression over 51 regions shows altitude and latitude to be the strongest controls of this contrast. Aspect–altitude analysis for former glaciers provides new evidence of cloudiness.

The August 1975 Oroville earthquakes

1976 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 1085-1099
Author(s):  
K. M. Lahr ◽  
J. C. Lahr ◽  
A.G. Lindh ◽  
C. G. Bufe ◽  
F. W. Lester
Keyword(s):  
Fault Plane ◽  
Aftershock Sequence ◽  
The West ◽  
Epicentral Area ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
The North ◽  
The Town ◽  
North And South ◽  
East West

abstract On August 1, 1975, a magnitude 5.9 (mb) earthquake occurred approximately 8 km SSE of the town of Oroville, California. This earthquake and its associated foreshock-aftershock sequence are of particular interest because of their possible relation to the impounding of the 4.3 billion m3 Lake Oroville. Hypocenter locations for 336 aftershocks that occurred during August define a fault plane striking N3°E and dipping 60° to the west to a depth of 10 km. Dimensions of the epicentral area are approximately 7 km in an east-west direction by 15 km in a north-south direction. The fault plane passes beneath Oroville Dam at 5-km depth, and if projected up dip, would crop out beneath the reservoir to the east. The distribution in space and time of foreshocks and aftershocks suggests that rupture began at depth and progressed up dip and to the north and south.

A STUDY OF AURORAL MOTIONS FROM ALL-SKY CAMERA RECORDS

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 1279-1290 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. K. Bhattacharyya
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Curve ◽  
Magnetic Disturbance ◽  
The South ◽  
The West ◽  
Systematic Process ◽  
Disturbance Vector ◽  
Two Peaks ◽  
North And South ◽  
East West

A study of horizontal motions of visual aurorae as recorded by a 35-mm all-sky camera at Springhill (geographic 45.2 °N., 75.5 °W.; geomagnetic 56.5 °N., 6.9 °W.) near Ottawa has been carried out. The number of occurrences of motions in all the four geomagnetic directions, east, west, north, and south appears to reach its peak within a range of speed from 0 to 150 m/sec and tends to decrease with increase in speed. Very large speeds seem more frequently to be associated with motions to the west and to the south. The distribution curve of speed with the time of night appears to have two peaks, one before and another after midnight, in all the four cases. Auroral motion is predominantly westward in the early part of the night and eastward in the late hours of the night. The reversal of motion from westward to eastward direction seems to be a systematic process, the declining and inclining portions of the two curves as a function of time meeting each other somewhat before local midnight.Auroral speeds either along or perpendicular to geomagnetic parallels of latitude increase nearly linearly with the horizontal and vertical components of the magnetic disturbance vector.

Values and intergroup perceptions of East Germans and West Germans in 1998 1This research was supported by a grant from the German Research Society (We 1106/3-1).

1999 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-272
Author(s):  
Jörg Doll ◽  
Michael Dick
Keyword(s):  
Research Society ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Perceived Similarity ◽  
The West ◽  
Need For Uniqueness ◽  
German Research ◽  
East German ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
East West

The studies reported here focus on similarities and dissimilarities between the terminal value hierarchies ( Rokeach, 1973 ) ascribed to different groups ( Schwartz & Struch, 1990 ). In Study 1, n = 65 East Germans and n = 110 West Germans mutually assess the respective ingroup and outgroup. In this intra-German comparison the West Germans, with a mean intraindividual correlation of rho = 0.609, perceive a significantly greater East-West similarity between the group-related value hierarchies than the East Germans, with a mean rho = 0.400. Study 2 gives East German subjects either a Swiss (n = 58) or Polish (n = 59) frame of reference in the comparison between the categories German and East German. Whereas the Swiss frame of reference should arouse a need for uniqueness, the Polish frame of reference should arouse a need for similarity. In accordance with expectations, the Swiss frame of reference significantly reduces the correlative similarity between German and East German from a mean rho = 0.703 in a control group (n = 59) to a mean rho = 0.518 in the experimental group. Contrary to expectations, the Polish frame of reference does not lead to an increase in perceived similarity (mean rho = 0.712).

Gerald H. Thayer's ornithological work in St Vincent and the Grenadines, Lesser Antilles

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Wiley
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
West Indies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lesser Antilles ◽  
American Museum ◽  
The West ◽  
Comparative Zoology ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

Gerald Handerson Thayer (1883–1939) was an artist, writer and naturalist who worked in North and South America, Europe and the West Indies. In the Lesser Antilles, Thayer made substantial contributions to the knowledge and conservation of birds in St Vincent and the Grenadines. Thayer observed and collected birds throughout much of St Vincent and on many of the Grenadines from January 1924 through to December 1925. Although he produced a preliminary manuscript containing interesting distributional notes and which is an early record of the region's ornithology, Thayer never published the results of his work in the islands. Some 413 bird and bird egg specimens have survived from his work in St Vincent and the Grenadines and are now housed in the American Museum of Natural History (New York City) and the Museum of Comparative Zoology (Cambridge, Massachusetts). Four hundred and fifty eight specimens of birds and eggs collected by Gerald and his father, Abbott, from other countries are held in museums in the United States.

High-Frequency Radar Mapping of Surface Currents Using WERA

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 484-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn K. Shay ◽  
Jorge Martinez-Pedraja ◽  
Thomas M. Cook ◽  
Brian K. Haus ◽  
Robert H. Weisberg
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Tidal Currents ◽  
Tropical Storm ◽  
Surface Velocity ◽  
Surface Currents ◽  
West Florida Shelf ◽  
The West ◽  
Florida Shelf ◽  
East West

Abstract A dual-station high-frequency Wellen Radar (WERA), transmitting at 16.045 MHz, was deployed along the west Florida shelf in phased array mode during the summer of 2003. A 33-day, continuous time series of radial and vector surface current fields was acquired starting on 23 August ending 25 September 2003. Over a 30-min sample interval, WERA mapped coastal ocean currents over an ≈40 km × 80 km footprint with a 1.2-km horizontal resolution. A total of 1628 snapshots of the vector surface currents was acquired, with only 70 samples (4.3%) missing from the vector time series. Comparisons to subsurface measurements from two moored acoustic Doppler current profilers revealed RMS differences of 1 to 5 cm s−1 for both radial and Cartesian current components. Regression analyses indicated slopes close to unity with small biases between surface and subsurface measurements at 4-m depth in the east–west (u) and north–south (υ) components, respectively. Vector correlation coefficients were 0.9 with complex phases of −3° and 5° at EC4 (20-m isobath) and NA2 (25-m isobath) moorings, respectively. Complex surface circulation patterns were observed that included tidal and wind-driven currents over the west Florida shelf. Tidal current amplitudes were 4 to 5 cm s−1 for the diurnal and semidiurnal constituents. Vertical structure of these tidal currents indicated that the semidiurnal components were predominantly barotropic whereas diurnal tidal currents had more of a baroclinic component. Tidal currents were removed from the observed current time series and were compared to the 10-m adjusted winds at a surface mooring. Based on these time series comparisons, regression slopes were 0.02 to 0.03 in the east–west and north–south directions, respectively. During Tropical Storm Henri’s passage on 5 September 2003, cyclonically rotating surface winds forced surface velocities of more than 35 cm s−1 as Henri made landfall north of Tampa Bay, Florida. These results suggest that the WERA measured the surface velocity well under weak to tropical storm wind conditions.

Ideologies of English in Asia: an editorial

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (271) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Alexandra Grey ◽  
Loy Lising ◽  
Jinhyun Cho
Keyword(s):  
Critical Reflection ◽  
Language Ideologies ◽  
Chinese History ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
The West ◽  
Binary Structure ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Local Perspectives ◽  
East West

Abstract That English has spread in Asia is well-known, but this critical reflection, and the five contributions and book review that we hereby introduce, contribute to rectifying the relative absence in the sociology of language literature of studies approaching language ideologies and practices in specific Asian contexts from local perspectives. We are not alone; our inspections of journal archives show that scholars are increasingly responding to this relative absence in recent years. What this special issue offers is further diversity of both authors and cases, and moreover this special issue draws attention to the immutable, binary structure underlying the various globally-circulating discourses of the East and the West as part of investigating how socially constructed East-West binaries interact with language ideologies about English and other languages. It shifts the attention from fixity – East versus West – to diversity, extending East to Easts and West to Wests as our contributors identify and examine multiple, endogenous “imaginative geograph[ies]” (from Arif Dirlik’s [1996] “Chinese history and the question of Orientalism”, History and Theory 35(4): 97) constructed through various Orientalist ideologies. It founds this approach on a combination of the theory of recursive language ideologies and critical Orientalism scholarship. This is generative of new and useful sociolinguistic analyses. Having laid out this theoretical extension, this editorial then provides an overview of the issue’s contributions, which examine how socially constructed East-West binaries are interacting with language ideologies about English and other languages on sub-national scales in various Asian contexts including in Korea, China, Japan, Tajikistan and Pakistan.

The PRC's Relationship with the ASEAN Regional Forum

2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 737-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thammy Evans
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
The West ◽  
Asean Regional Forum ◽  
Western Nations ◽  
Political Disorder ◽  
East West ◽  
Gain Access

Ever since the discovery of China by Western nations the West has continually tried to gain access to China, and sometime even to understand her. Conversely, many Eastern nations who came within China's reach have preferred to keep her at arms length. This dichotomy continues today, although the East/West division is less clear. The People's Republic of China's sheer geographical size, its location in the heart of Asia, its huge population and thus its potential as an economic and miitary superpower instils fear in many. Will the PRC become a ‘responsible power’, an irresponsible hegemon, or collapse into political disorder and chaos? In anticipation of the coming changes in the PRC, the foreign policy of those nations concerned with the PRC has oscillated between engagement and containment of China.

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