Late Quaternary geology of eastern Graham Island, Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia

1982 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1786-1795 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Clague ◽  
Rolf W. Mathewes ◽  
Barry G. Warner
Keyword(s):  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Queen Charlotte Islands ◽  
Continuous Record ◽  
Littoral Sediments ◽  
Sand And Gravel ◽  
Nearly Continuous ◽  
Surface Drift ◽  
Middle And Late Holocene

A reconnaissance study of Quaternary sediments exposed in coastal bluffs on eastern Graham Island has revealed the presence of two major till units, each of which is underlain by glaciomarine stony mud, outwash sand and gravel, and laminated to massive silt and sand of undetermined origin. Sediment units below the surface drift are older than the radiocarbon dating limit. Sediments above this drift provide a nearly continuous record of geologic events from before 16 000 years BP until the present.Stratigraphic evidence and radiocarbon dates indicate that: (1) late Wisconsin glaciation of the coastal lowlands of Graham Island was weak and of short duration; and (2) a period of low sea levels during late Pleistocene time was followed by a transgression that culminated about 7500–8000 years ago when the sea was about 15 m higher relative to the land than at present. Marine regression during middle and late Holocene time produced wave-cut scarps, wave-cut benches overlain by littoral sediments, bars, spits, and beach and dune ridges.

Late Pleistocene coastal paleogeography of the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, Canada, and its implications for terrestrial biogeography and early postglacial human occupation

2003 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 1755-1766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renée Hetherington ◽  
J Vaughn Barrie ◽  
Robert GB Reid ◽  
Roger MacLeod ◽  
Dan J Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Glacial Refugia ◽  
Spatial Modelling ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Land Bridge ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Queen Charlotte Islands

Molluscs, sediment lithology, and published sub-bottom profiles are used to deduce sea levels, outline the influence of glacially induced crustal displacement, and reconstruct the paleoenvironment of the northeast Pacific late Quaternary coastline. Geo-spatial modelling shows subaerially exposed land that could have been inhabited by plants and animals, and also coastally migrating early North American peoples. Ice-free terrain, present by at least 13 790 ± 150 14C years BP, a land bridge, and edible molluscs are identified. Queen Charlotte Islands (QCI) late Pleistocene coastal paleogeography may assist in explaining the biogeography of many terrestrial plant and animal species along the broader northeastern Pacific margin and provide evidence for researchers seeking late Pleistocene – early Holocene glacial refugia. Late Pleistocene – early Holocene coastlines that are not drowned and that may harbour early archaeological sites are identified along the western QCI, where migrants probably first travelled and the westernmost British Columbia mainland, where the effects of glacial ice were reduced.

Palynology and Phytogeographical Significance of a Late-Pleistocene Refugium Near Kalaloch, Washington

1972 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 189-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calvin J. Heusser
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Temperature Curve ◽  
Olympic Peninsula ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Continuous Record ◽  
Western Side ◽  
Sand And Gravel ◽  
Organic Deposits ◽  
Sea Cliff

A sea cliff facing the open ocean 3 km north of Kalaloch, Washington, and exposing 32 m of interbedded peat, clay, sand, and gravel contains a unique continuous record of late-Pleistocene vegetation and environments on the western side of the Olympic Peninsula. The record obtains from the palynology of plant communities in the unglaciated refugium. Fourteen radiocarbon dates from peat beds in the sea cliff reveal that the record spans the time from 16,700 B. P. to greater than 47,000 B. P. The earliest organic deposits are estimated to date from 70,000 B. P. Pollen assemblages from 222 sample levels in a measured section, divided into 16 zones, are correlated, in the main, with the sequence of Salmon springs, Olympia, and Fraser geologic-climatic units in the Puget Lowland. Correlation derives from the fluctuations of a July average temperature curve reconstructed from the modern vegetation and climatic equivalents of the pollen assemblages. The sequence of stadial and interstadial environments depicted at Kalaloch is found to be more complex than is indicated by the Puget Lowland succession.

scholarly journals New records and AMS radiocarbon dates on Quaternary Walrus ( Odobenus Rosmarus ) from New Brunswick

2002 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall F. Miller
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
New Records ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Odobenus Rosmarus ◽  
Sand And Gravel ◽  
Past Summer

Abstract Walrus fossils are occasionally recovered during scallop dragging in the Bay of Fundy and from sand and gravel deposits along the coastline of New Brunswick in eastern Canada. Six new fossils and four new AMS radiocarbon dates significantly increase the information concerning late-glacial to postglacial walrus in New Brunswick. Dates range from about 12 800 BP to 2 900 BP, almost half falling between 9 000 and 10 000 BP. Temporal distribution of walrus, compared to estimates of past summer sea surface temperature, suggest that in the Bay of Fundy walrus occurred in waters ranging from 12 to 15° C.

scholarly journals Moscow MV Lomonosov State University Radiocarbon Dates II: Sea Level Indicators from Coastal USSR

Radiocarbon ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 892-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
N I Glushankova ◽  
O B Parunin ◽  
A O Selivanov ◽  
A I Shlukov ◽  
T A Timashkova
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
State University ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Laboratory Results ◽  
Last Deglacial

The following list summarizes the post-1970 laboratory results of 14C dating of ancient sea-level indicators from the coasts of the Soviet Union. One of the aims of the International Geologic Correlation Programme Project No. 61 “Sea level movements during the last deglacial hemicycle” is the global cataloguing and mapping of ancient sea levels. The laboratory, which acts as the USSR National curator for these age measurements obtains dates sampled from its own expeditions and from other institutions of the country.

scholarly journals Changed Late Quaternary Marine Environments on Atlantic Continental Shelf and Upper Slope

1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.O. Emery ◽  
A.S. Merrill ◽  
E.R.M. Druffel
Keyword(s):  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Sediment Types ◽  
Continental Shelves ◽  
Environmental Histories ◽  
Upper Slope

About 2000 large sediment samples were collected during the early 1960s throughout the continental shelf off the Atlantic coast of the United States to establish and map sediment types including sediments relict from times of glacially low (and subsequently higher) sea levels. In about 510 of these samples we found fossil shells of mollusks remaining from environmental conditions different from those at present. Publications and collections by others contain about 70 additional samples having relict mollusks. Some of these shells indicate lower sea levels, others colder water, and still others warmer water than is now present. Radiocarbon measurements from earlier studies by us and others established the dates of colder water (late Pleistocene), and we made additional measurements to learn the dates of warmer water (about 1000 to 2000 yr B.P.). The results show reasonably enough that continental shelves are the sites of relict faunas as well as of sediments that indicate changed and complex environmental histories.

scholarly journals Late Quaternary Deglaciation, Glaciomarine Sedimentation and Glacioisostatic Recovery in the Rivière Nastapoka Area, Eastern Hudson Bay, Northern Québec

2005 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Lajeunesse ◽  
Michel Allard
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction ◽  
Relative Sea Level ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Fluvial Terraces

Abstract This study presents a paleoenvironmental reconstruction of deglaciation dynamics and chronology, glaciomarine and postglacial sedimentation, as well as glacioisostatic recovery in the Rivière Nastapoka area, eastern Hudson Bay. Results indicate that the retreat of Québec-Labrador ice was mainly controlled by topography and was marked by four phases. Radiocarbon dates indicate that deglaciation began about 8.3 ka cal. BP and was characterized by a stillstand of the ice margin in the Nastapoka Hills that lead to the deposition of a drift belt in a high relative sea-level (Phase 1). After this stabilisation, the ice margin retreated rapidly eastward in a region of low relief and deposited a drape of silty clay in a falling relative sea-level (Phase 2). A second phase of stabilization of the ice margin lasted until at least 7.2 ka cal.BP on the higher shield peneplaine east of the limit of the Tyrrell Sea (Phase 3). This lead to the deposition of a belt of glaciofluvial deltas in a lower relative sea-level. Following this stillstand, the eastward retreat and subsequent ablation of the ice in central Québec-Labrador generated meltwater that transported large volumes of glacial sediments by fluvial processes and downcutting of fluvial terraces in previously deposited glaciofluvial and marine sediments (Phase 4). Glacioisostatic rebound reached 0.07 m/yr during the early phase of deglaciation and decreased to 0.04 m/yr between 6 and 5 ka cal. BP and 0.016 m/yr in the last 1000 years.

Reconciliaion of late Quaternary sea levels derived from coral terraces at Huon Peninsula with deep sea oxygen isotope records

1996 ◽  
Vol 141 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Chappell ◽  
Akio Omura ◽  
Tezer Esat ◽  
Malcolm McCulloch ◽  
John Pandolfi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Sea Levels
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