Upper Permian and Lower Triassic palynomorphs from eastern Yunnan, China

1982 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ouyang Shu
Keyword(s):  
Lower Triassic ◽  
Upper Permian ◽  
Lower Permian ◽  
Triassic Boundary ◽  
Permian Triassic Boundary

In eastern Yunnan the Upper Permian Lungtan and Changhsing Formations and the Lower Triassic Kayitou Formation each contain a characteristic assemblage of spores and pollen.The Torispora gigantea – Patellisporites meishanensis assemblage in the Lungtan Formation contains abundant pteridophyte and pteridosperm spores and few gymnosperm pollen. Some genera are known from the Carboniferous and Lower Permian of Europe but most are Cathaysian. The Yunnanospora radiata – Gardenasporites assemblage in the Changhsing Formation has a Paleozoic aspect but characteristic Mesozoic genera and species occur. The Lundbladispora–Aratrisporites–Pteruchipollenites assemblage in the Kayitou Formation contains numerous pteridophyte and pteriodosperm spores and gymnosperm pollen; some Paleozoic genera occur (Crassispora, Lycospora?, Stellisporites, Thymospora, Torispora, Triparites, Triquitrites, and Waltzispora), but Mesozoic genera predominate. Thirty metres above the base of the Kayitou Formation gymnosperm pollen, especially that of conifers, becomes dominant.It is suggested that the Carboniferous and Lower Permian species in the Changhsing Formation and the Paleozoic genera in the Kayitou Formation are not reworked but are indigenous and that the composition of the resulting microflora reflects the parent flora. The presence of this microflora in Lower Triassic rocks suggests that, at least locally, sedimentation was essentially continuous across the Permian–Triassic boundary.

scholarly journals Rebound from the Permian/Triassic mass extinction: evolutionary paleoecology of sequential early Triassic (Smithian to Spathian) marine paleocommunities

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 261-261
Author(s):  
Jennifer K. Schubert ◽  
David J. Bottjer
Keyword(s):  
Mass Extinction ◽  
Lower Triassic ◽  
Upper Permian ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Triassic Boundary ◽  
Biotic Recovery ◽  
The Status ◽  
Life Habits ◽  
Stalked Crinoids ◽  
Permian Triassic Boundary

The Permian/Triassic mass extinction, the most devastating biotic crisis of the Phanerozoic, has aroused considerable scientific interest. However, because research has focused primarily on understanding the magnitude of diversity reduction and causal mechanisms, the nature and timing of biotic recovery in the Early Triassic are still poorly understood. Marine limestones in the Lower Triassic Moenkopi Formation, which disconformably overlies the Upper Permian of southeastern Nevada and southern Utah, provide a rare opportunity to study the aftermath of the mass extinction in shallow water carbonate environments.Two contemporaneous members of the Moenkopi record the first marine incursion from the northwest in the Early Triassic (Smithian), the very sparsely fossiliferous marginal marine Schnabkaib Member in Nevada and southwest Utah, and the Sinbad Limestone in central-southern Utah, a marine unit dominated by amalgamated and condensed fossil-rich beds. The Virgin Limestone member was deposited during a subsequent (Spathian) Early Triassic sea level rise, about 4-5 Ma following the Permian/Triassic boundary, and includes nearshore and inner shelf limestones characterized by fossiliferous storm beds.Because the fossiliferous limestones of the Smithian Sinbad and the Spathian Virgin were deposited in similar shallow subtidal settings, they provide an opportunity to compare and contrast the status of biotic rebound at different points along an Early Triassic “time transect.” Analysis of bulk samples reveals that the older Sinbad and younger Virgin are similar in each possessing 2-3 different benthic marine paleocommunities of low within-habitat species richness. There are, however, several important differences between the Sinbad and Virgin faunas. The richly fossiliferous Sinbad assemblages are primarily molluscan, composed of approximately 2-8 species of bivalves, which may or may not be accompanied by ammonoids and 0-11 species of gastropods. Small spines, possibly belonging to an echinoid, are numerous in some samples. Although bivalves are also abundant in Virgin Limestone assemblages, fossils of other higher taxa are well-represented, including abundant crinoid ossicles, common brachiopods, echinoid spines and plates, and rare ammonoids and gastropods. Sinbad faunas also appear to lack epibionts and borers, while they are present but not abundant in the Virgin.The addition from Sinbad to Virgin times of groups other than molluscs, with different life habits and strategies, most likely led to an increase in spatial partitioning and resource utilization, in particular the development of epifaunal tiering with the appearance of stalked crinoids in the Virgin. This pattern of earliest Triassic community dominance by molluscs followed by later more “Paleozoic-like” communities has been observed in other regions. Earliest Triassic paucity of epibionts and borers indicates significant reduction in the biotic component of taphonomic processes, including taphonomic feedback, when compared with other time intervals. Data from these Early Triassic assemblages thus indicate the initiation of both an evolutionary and an ecological rebound between Sinbad (Smithian) and Virgin (Spathian) times.

The Permian–Triassic boundary in continental sedimentary succession at the SE margin of the Central European Basin (Holy Cross Mountains, Poland)

2020 ◽  
Vol 157 (11) ◽  
pp. 1767-1780
Author(s):  
Karol Jewuła ◽  
Wiesław Trela ◽  
Anna Fijałkowska-Mader
Keyword(s):  
Lower Triassic ◽  
Upper Permian ◽  
Triassic Boundary ◽  
Central European ◽  
Holy Cross Mountains ◽  
Central European Basin ◽  
Stratigraphic Framework ◽  
Marginal Part ◽  
Permian Triassic Boundary ◽  
Shed Light

AbstractWe studied the upper Permian and Lower Triassic deposits from the northern and northwestern marginal part of the Holy Cross Mountains (SE part of the Central European Basin or CEB, Poland) to examine stratigraphic continuity between these two systems, and to revise the currently existing stratigraphic framework. A previously existing informal lithostratigraphic scheme has been revisited and placed in a broader chronostratigraphic and palaeoenvironmental context. Sedimentary continuity across the Permian–Triassic (P/T) boundary has been confirmed by the presence of Lueckisporites virkkiae Bc morphological norm and Lundbladispora obsoleta–Protohaploxypinus pantii palynomorphs. Facies development reflects an interplay between climatic variations and tectonism during late Permian – Early Triassic time. The P/T boundary was placed between the Siodła Formation and overlying Szczukowice and Jaworzna formations, which coincides with the classical Zechstein–Buntsandstein boundary in the SE part of the CEB. The facies changes recorded in the studied terrestrial succession of the P/T boundary shed light on the environmental dynamic prior, during and after one of the biggest biotic crises in Earth’s history.

Brachiopod assemblages from the Upper Permian and Permian–Triassic boundary beds, South China

1980 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liao Zhuo-Ting
Keyword(s):  
South China ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
Lower Triassic ◽  
Upper Permian ◽  
Triassic Boundary ◽  
Assemblage Zone ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Permian Triassic Boundary

Uppermost Permian (Changhsingian) brachiopods are abundant and diverse in South China; thus far, 60 genera and 130 species have been described from the Changhsing Formation. Two distinctive brachiopod faunas can readily be identified from a single Changhsingian zone, the Peltichia zigzag–Paryphella sulcatifera Assemblage Zone. The abundance and diversity of the faunas are controlled to a large degree by lithofacies. The Peltichia zigzag, Spinomarginifera alpha fauna occurs in a limestone facies and the Paryphella sulcatifera, Paracrurithyris pigmea fauna occurs in a clastic (siliceous) facies. At many locations in South China, a "mixed fauna," containing Permian-like brachiopods and Lower Triassic ammonoids and bivalves, occurs directly above the Permian–Triassic boundary. The association of Permian elements mixed with Triassic elements suggests that deposition was more or less continuous across the Permian Triassic boundary and that an unconformity does not occur at the boundary in much of South China.

scholarly journals Erosional unconformity at the base of marine Lower Triassic at Wegener Halvø, central East Greenland

1977 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 103-107
Author(s):  
K Birkenmajer
Keyword(s):  
Lower Triassic ◽  
Upper Permian ◽  
Sharp Change ◽  
Triassic Boundary ◽  
East Greenland ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Permian Triassic Boundary

The Permian-Triassic boundary in East Greenland has been studied mainly in the areas of Kap Stosch (Nielsen, 1935; Teichert & Kummel, 1973) and Wegener Halvø (Triimpy, 1961; Grasmiick & Triimpy, 1%9), and to alesser extent in western Scoresby Land (AelIen, in Triimpy, 1%1; Perch-Nielsen et al., 1972, 1974). According to Nielsen (1935) the boundary is not recognisable in the westernmost exposures at Kap Stosch where the lowermost Triassic Glyptophiceras triviale Zone was found. Further to the east the boundary is marked by a sharp change in facies from limy or shaly (Upper Permian) to sandy (Lower Triassic) deposits, the G. triviale Zone is missing, and locally a minor conglomerate appears at the base of the Triassic.

scholarly journals Archosauriform footprints in the Lower Triassic of Western Alps and their role in understanding the effects of the Permian-Triassic hyperthermal

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e10522
Author(s):  
Fabio Massimo Petti ◽  
Heinz Furrer ◽  
Enrico Collo ◽  
Edoardo Martinetto ◽  
Massimo Bernardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Extinction ◽  
Lower Triassic ◽  
Western Alps ◽  
Large Igneous Province ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Triassic Boundary ◽  
Habitable Zones ◽  
Single Well ◽  
Permian Mass Extinction ◽  
Permian Triassic Boundary

The most accepted killing model for the Permian-Triassic mass extinction (PTME) postulates that massive volcanic eruption (i.e., the Siberian Traps Large Igneous Province) led to geologically rapid global warming, acid rain and ocean anoxia. On land, habitable zones were drastically reduced, due to the combined effects of heating, drought and acid rains. This hyperthermal had severe effects also on the paleobiogeography of several groups of organisms. Among those, the tetrapods, whose geographical distribution across the end-Permian mass extinction (EPME) was the subject of controversy in a number of recent papers. We here describe and interpret a new Early Triassic (?Olenekian) archosauriform track assemblage from the Gardetta Plateau (Briançonnais, Western Alps, Italy) which, at the Permian-Triassic boundary, was placed at about 11° North. The tracks, both arranged in trackways and documented by single, well-preserved imprints, are assigned to Isochirotherium gardettensis ichnosp. nov., and are here interpreted as produced by a non-archosaurian archosauriform (erytrosuchid?) trackmaker. This new discovery provides further evidence for the presence of archosauriformes at low latitudes during the Early Triassic epoch, supporting a model in which the PTME did not completely vacate low-latitude lands from tetrapods that therefore would have been able to cope with the extreme hot temperatures of Pangaea mainland.

THE STRATIGRAPHY OF THE BASAL TRIASSIC SANDSTONE, NORTH PERTH BASIN, WESTERN AUSTRALIA

1971 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
P. Hosemann
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Lower Triassic ◽  
Upper Permian ◽  
Lower Permian ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Depositional History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Near Shore ◽  
Strand Line ◽  
Triassic Sandstone

The Basal Triassic Sandstone is the basal member of the Lower Triassic Kockatea Shale. It is widely distributed adjacent to, and on the Precambrian Greenough Block in the northern Perth Basin, Western Australia. This member is lowermost Lower Triassic in age in the subsurface of the Don-gara gas field. In outcrop on the Greenough Block, the member is represented by a thin basal conglomerate, conformably overlain by upper Lower Triassic Kockatea Shale. In this stratigraphic study, detailed well-to-well correlations and lithologic studies were integrated to reconstruct the depositional history of the interval encompassing the Basal Triassic Sandstone. This sandstone is a composite of near-shore marine, and strand line accumulations deposited around the flanks and on the Greenough Block during a Lower Triassic marine transgression. The sandstone bodies were deposited on a drowned, topography of low relief, on progressively truncated Permian formations and Precambrian basement. The topography was formed following uplift and tilting of the Greenough Block and the overlying Lower Permian formations during mild Upper Permian tectonism.

Impact of climatic step-changes on source-to-sink systems: Petrographic changes across the Permian-Triassic changes on the Finnmark Platform, Barents Sea, N Norway

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Kling ◽  
Hallgeir Sirevaag ◽  
Emmanuelle Pucéat ◽  
Christian Haug Eide
Keyword(s):  
Barents Sea ◽  
Lower Triassic ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Large Igneous Province ◽  
Upper Permian ◽  
Triassic Boundary ◽  
Source To Sink ◽  
Igneous Province

<p><span><span>The emplacement of the Siberian Traps Large Igneous Province around the Permian–Triassic boundary significantly affected both climate and depositional environments across the world. Known long term consequences of this event are (I) global warming, (II) increased continental weathering, (III) oceanic stagnation and acidification and (IV) mass extinction. These effects have the potential to strongly alter signals from source-to-sink systems in terms of petrography, sediment volumes and geochemistry. The Barents Sea Basin is an excellent area to investigate the response of source-to-sink systems to such climatic changes because it contains a continuous record of sediments deposited before, during and after the Permian-Triassic event, and because this interval is sampled in several exploration wells.</span></span></p><p><span><span>The goal of this project is to investigate how the Triassic climatic changes were expressed in source-to-sink systems, mainly using techniques such as facies analysis, petrograpy, mudstone geochemistry and sediment volumes. Herein we present preliminary results mainly from sandstone petrology. On the Finnmark Plattform, the upper Permian strata of the Røye Formation contains spiculitic mudstones and limestones with sparse sandstones. These are overlain by mudstones, interbedded turbidites and prograding deltas of the Lower Triassic. In order to determine how the signal from the catchment changed to the great climatic changes, it is of high importance to examine changes within provenance and sediment volumes across the P-T boundary.</span></span></p><p><span><span>I wish to give this presentation as a poster</span></span></p>

scholarly journals Testing of Permian – Lower Triassic stratigraphic data in a half-graben/tilt-block system: evidence for the initial rifting phase in Antalya Nappes

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (11) ◽  
pp. 1262-1283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazif Şahin ◽  
Demir Altiner
Keyword(s):  
Hanging Wall ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Lower Triassic ◽  
Normal Faulting ◽  
Triassic Boundary ◽  
Block System ◽  
Basement Rocks ◽  
Half Graben ◽  
Facies Change ◽  
Permian Triassic Boundary

Testing of Middle Permian – Lower Triassic stratigraphic data from the Antalya Nappes in a half-graben/tilt-block system has revealed the presence of episodic rifting events separated by periods of tectonic quiescence. Following a period of uplift during the Permian (Late Artinskian to Roadian), the basement rocks have been activated by displacement faults and several depocenters in half-graben-like asymmetrical basins began to be filled with Roadian to Wordian continental clastic deposits intercalated with coal and marine rocks. The Early Capitanian time was a period of tectonic quiescence. The second event occurred in Middle to Late Capitanian times and produced basaltic volcanic rocks intercalated in the shallow marine fossiliferous carbonate successions. Following the Lopingian (Wuchiapingian and Changhsingian) and Permian–Triassic boundary interval representing a long tectonic quiescence, the last rifting episode started with an abrupt facies change in the late Griesbachian. Variegated shales, limestones, volcanics, talus breccia, and debris flow deposits were laid down in a half-graben/tilt-block system. As normal faulting has become active, the deposition continued on the subsiding hanging wall side. The stratigraphic gap increased in magnitude as the erosional truncation has incised deeply the footwall side. This initial rifting phase in the Antalya Nappes is prior to the onset of a stronger and more continuous rifting event that occurred in the Anisian–Carnian interval including a variety of deepwater clastic and carbonate deposits, radiolarites containing sometimes blocks and clasts derived from the basin margins, and volcanic rocks carrying intraoceanic setting character.

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