The late depositional history of the western end of the Oak Ridges Moraine, Ontario

1979 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 1094-1107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter B. Duckworth
Keyword(s):  
Depositional History ◽  
Oak Ridges Moraine ◽  
North Shore ◽  
The North ◽  
Sand Bars ◽  
Proglacial Lakes ◽  
Facies Associations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gravel Bars ◽  
Late Wisconsinan

The Oak Ridges Moraine lies about 25 km inland from the north shore of Lake Ontario and parallels the lake for about 160 km. The width varies from less than 1.6 to 14.5 km, and the maximum relief is about 150 m. Data from boreholes indicate that the maximum thickness of sediment in the moraine is about 215 m. Previous writers considered that the moraine was formed in several stages between lobes of the Laurentide glacier during the Wisconsinan or earlier.At the western end of the moraine up to 50 m of glaciofluvial outwash has been exposed. These upper sediments were deposited during and after the Port Bruce Stadial of the Late Wisconsinan Substage (< 15 000 years BP). In the central part of the moraine, in Uxbridge Township, the facies associations consist primarily of longitudinal gravel bars and well defined trough sets of dune origin, typical of the proximal portions of outwash plains. The finer grained distal facies occur to the west and northwest, and are characterized by transverse sand bars and sequences of ripple beds. The silt and clay fractions of the outwash were deposited mainly in proglacial lakes ponded against the north flank of the moraine south of Newmarket, and in King and Vaughan townships.

Late Wisconsinan and Holocene history of southwestern Saskatchewan

1994 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 1822-1837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudy W. Klassen
Keyword(s):  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Laurentide Ice Sheet ◽  
Glacial Lakes ◽  
Grassland Vegetation ◽  
Southern Limit ◽  
Northern Margin ◽  
The North ◽  
Proglacial Lakes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Wisconsinan

The Late Wisconsinan Laurentide Ice Sheet reached the limit of glaciation along the north-facing slope of the unglaciated part of the Cypress Hills nunatak, but elsewhere around the Cypress Hills and Wood Mountain uplands of southwestern Saskatchewan it did not reach the limit of glaciation. An interval of deglaciation was followed by a readvance of the ice sheet, about 15 ka, to a position near the Late Wisconsinan limit, and was marked by strong flow of Keewatin ice from the north and weaker flow of Hudson ice from the northeast. Final deglaciation resulted in the formation of glacial lakes around the Cypress Hills nunatak. A network of ice-marginal and subglacial trenches, presently occupied by the Frenchman Valley and its tributaries, was formed when these lakes drained along, over, and under ice towards the western part of the Wood Mountain Upland to the east. The main trench joined an ancestral part of Frenchman Valley along the ice-free southern slopes of Wood Mountain Upland. Meltwater from the ice bordering the northern margin of the upland drained southward, excavating trenches across the highest parts of the upland and deepening ancestral valleys across the southern slopes. A succession of proglacial lakes fronted parts of the ice margin as it retreated downslope to the north. The area was deglaciated about 13.5 ka. The southern limit of a north to south forest–grassland transition was established by 13 ka along the regional drainage divide across the study area. Prairie grassland vegetation covered the southern slopes of the uplands and forests of deciduous and coniferous trees covered the highest parts of uplands and drift-mantled parts of the continental glacier to the north. The belt of forest–grassland transition had shifted well to the north of the study area by 9 ka, and a climate that was warmer and drier than at present continued to about 5 ka, when conditions became somewhat cooler.

Water in the Wilderness: The Group of Seven and the Coastal Identity of Lake Superior

2021 ◽  
pp. e20200049
Author(s):  
Isabelle Gapp
Keyword(s):  
Environmental History ◽  
Lake Superior ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Coastal Lake ◽  
Group Of Seven ◽  
North Shore ◽  
The North ◽  
The People ◽  
Coastal Landscapes ◽  
History Of

This paper challenges the wilderness ideology with which the Group of Seven’s coastal landscapes of the north shore of Lake Superior are often associated. Focusing my analysis around key works by Lawren Harris, A.Y. Jackson, J.E.H. MacDonald, and Franklin Carmichael, I offer an alternative perspective on commonly-adopted national and wilderness narratives, and instead consider these works in line with an emergent ecocritical consciousness. While a conversation about wilderness in relation to the Group of Seven often ignores the colonial history and Indigenous communities that previously inhabited coastal Lake Superior, this paper identifies these within a discussion of the environmental history of the region. That the environment of the north shore of Lake Superior was a primordial space waiting to be discovered and conquered only seeks to ratify the landscape as a colonial space. Instead, by engaging with the ecological complexities and environmental aesthetics of Lake Superior and its surrounding shoreline, I challenge this colonial and ideological construct of the wilderness, accounting for the prevailing fur trade, fishing, and lumber industries that dominated during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. A discussion of environmental history and landscape painting further allows for a consideration of both the exploitation and preservation of nature over the course of the twentieth century, and looks beyond the theosophical and mystical in relation to the Group’s Lake Superior works. As such, the timeliness of an ecocritical perspective on the Group of Seven’s landscapes represents an opportunity to consider how we might recontextualize these paintings in a time of unprecedented anthropogenic climate change, while recognizing the people and history to whom this land traditionally belongs.

THE DEPOSITIONAL HISTORY OF A PORTION OF THE NORTH PERTH BASIN—A SINGLE WELL DIPMETER ANALYSIS

1971 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
K. J. Bird ◽  
W. F. Coleman ◽  
H. Crocker
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Source Area ◽  
Lower Triassic ◽  
Flood Plain ◽  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
Lower Jurassic ◽  
Depositional History ◽  
The North ◽  
Single Well ◽  
History Of

Four-arm dipmeter interpretation has been integrated with other wireline logs, lithologic and palaeontologic data, and regional geology to arrive at a history of the deposition in a portion of the North Perth Basin.The Permian sediments were deposited in a moderate to low energy, paralic to marine environment. They were unconformably overlain by a thin transgressive Lower Triassic sand and deepwater marine shale. The Middle Triassic sediments were deposited as a regressive marine sequence under the influence of a strong southwesterly uplift, and culminated in piedmont talus deposits of Upper Triassic age.In the Lower Jurassic this area evolved through a flood-plain environment to a paralic environment with a northeast-southwest oriented coastline and a northern source area. During the Middle Jurassic gentle crustal movements, coupled with an increasingly active northern and eastern source area, resulted in several cycles of nearshore deposition, and finally a marine transgression.Subsequent violent tectonic uplift to the east in the Upper Jurassic produced massive first generation sands which were deposited in a mainly continental environment.

scholarly journals Depositional History of Paleocene Sediments in the Offshore Canterbury Basin, New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Sanjay Paul Samuel
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
The South ◽  
Depositional History ◽  
Reservoir Rocks ◽  
The North ◽  
Late Paleocene ◽  
Shelf Slope ◽  
History Of ◽  
Well Correlation ◽  
First Time

<p>The Paleocene interval within the Canterbury Basin has been relatively understudied with respect to the Neogene and Cretaceous intervals. Within the Paleocene interval is the Tartan Formation and the Charteris Bay Sandstone, which are potential source and reservoir rocks respectively. These two formations have not been previously mapped in the offshore Canterbury Basin and their limits have not been defined. This study utilises a database of nearly 12,000km of 2D seismic data together with data from four open–file wells and sidewall core samples from three wells and newly availiable biostratigraphic information to better constrain the chronostratigraphical interpretation of seismic data. Seismic mapping together with corroboration from well correlation and core lithofacies analysis revealed new insights into the development of the offshore Canterbury Basin through the Paleocene. These include the delineation of the lateral extents and thicknesses of the Tartan Formation and Charteris Bay Sandstone and location of the palaeo shelf–slope break and also the development of a new well correlation panel that incorporates the Tartan Formation for the first time.  This study presents four new paleogeographic maps for the offshore Canterbury Basin that significantly improves our understanding of the development of the basin during the Paleocene. These maps show that during the Earliest Paleocene, the mudstones of the Katiki Formation were being deposited in the south of the study area, with the siltier sediments of the Conway Formation being deposited in the north. The coarser grained Charteris Bay Sandstone was deposited from Early to possibly Middle Paleocene in the northeast. The mudstones of the Moeraki Formation were being deposited in the south at this time. From Middle to Late Paleocene, the mudstones of the Moeraki Formation were deposited in the south and these mudstones onlapped against the Charteris Bay Sandstone which remained as a high in the north. The Tartan Formation was deposited during the Late Paleocene in the central and southern areas of the offshore Canterbury Basin, during a relative fall in sea–level. Deposition had ceased in the north of the study area or erosion possibly removed Late Paleocene sediments from there. During the Latest Paleocene, the mudstones of the Moeraki Formation were deposited over the Tartan Formation in the central and southern parts of the offshore Canterbury Basin with the northern area undergoing erosion, sediment bypass or both.</p>

scholarly journals Depositional History of Paleocene Sediments in the Offshore Canterbury Basin, New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Sanjay Paul Samuel
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
The South ◽  
Depositional History ◽  
Reservoir Rocks ◽  
The North ◽  
Late Paleocene ◽  
Shelf Slope ◽  
History Of ◽  
Well Correlation ◽  
First Time

<p>The Paleocene interval within the Canterbury Basin has been relatively understudied with respect to the Neogene and Cretaceous intervals. Within the Paleocene interval is the Tartan Formation and the Charteris Bay Sandstone, which are potential source and reservoir rocks respectively. These two formations have not been previously mapped in the offshore Canterbury Basin and their limits have not been defined. This study utilises a database of nearly 12,000km of 2D seismic data together with data from four open–file wells and sidewall core samples from three wells and newly availiable biostratigraphic information to better constrain the chronostratigraphical interpretation of seismic data. Seismic mapping together with corroboration from well correlation and core lithofacies analysis revealed new insights into the development of the offshore Canterbury Basin through the Paleocene. These include the delineation of the lateral extents and thicknesses of the Tartan Formation and Charteris Bay Sandstone and location of the palaeo shelf–slope break and also the development of a new well correlation panel that incorporates the Tartan Formation for the first time.  This study presents four new paleogeographic maps for the offshore Canterbury Basin that significantly improves our understanding of the development of the basin during the Paleocene. These maps show that during the Earliest Paleocene, the mudstones of the Katiki Formation were being deposited in the south of the study area, with the siltier sediments of the Conway Formation being deposited in the north. The coarser grained Charteris Bay Sandstone was deposited from Early to possibly Middle Paleocene in the northeast. The mudstones of the Moeraki Formation were being deposited in the south at this time. From Middle to Late Paleocene, the mudstones of the Moeraki Formation were deposited in the south and these mudstones onlapped against the Charteris Bay Sandstone which remained as a high in the north. The Tartan Formation was deposited during the Late Paleocene in the central and southern areas of the offshore Canterbury Basin, during a relative fall in sea–level. Deposition had ceased in the north of the study area or erosion possibly removed Late Paleocene sediments from there. During the Latest Paleocene, the mudstones of the Moeraki Formation were deposited over the Tartan Formation in the central and southern parts of the offshore Canterbury Basin with the northern area undergoing erosion, sediment bypass or both.</p>

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