A Spinifex Rock from Munro Township, Ontario

1975 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 928-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Fleet ◽  
N. D. MacRae
Keyword(s):  
Thin Section ◽  
Preferred Orientation ◽  
Plateau Basalt ◽  
Composite Blade ◽  
Olivine Tholeiite ◽  
Tetrahedral Sites ◽  
Host Olivine ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Parallel Growth

The textural and compositional characteristics of a spinifex rock (MS-1) from Munro township, Ontario have been investigated in some detail. When projected into Mg–CaO–Al2O3 and CaO–MgO–FeO space, MS-1 appears late in the fractionation trends for peridotites, associated spinifex rocks and high Mg basalts. The latter trend extrapolates almost linearly to olivine tholeiite compositions.There are two types of blade megacrysts in the rock, both apparently representing preexisting olivine: (1) an earlier phase of composite, skeletal platy crystals of clinochlore, about 10 × 10 × 0.5 mm in size, which have a preferred orientation in the rock and show pronounced parallel growth development in the plane of the blades. The clinochlore is crystallographically related to the host olivine with c* and [100] parallel to a and b axis of olivine, respectively; (2) sheafs of oriented skeletal plates about 0.1 mm in shortest dimension which are completely altered to chlorite, calcite, magnetite and amphibole. The appearance of the composite blade megacrysts varies markedly with thin section orientation and this seems to account for the various types of blade (or platey) crystals reported in the literature. The interblade areas are largely of acicular and spherulitic pyroxene and interstitial groundmass. The acicular pyroxene is augite. Its composition varies considerably, especially with the area analysed, the greatest variations being in Cr, Ti and Na. The augite is characterized by high Al contents—preferentially accommodated in tetrahedral sites—and this leads to a distinctive field in Ti, Al plots compared to those for lunar and other terrestrial pyroxene. The rock also contains a few relict rounded olivine phenocrysts, amygdules, accessory chromite octahedra with magnetite rims, pentlandite and pyrrhotite.The Mg–Fe ratios for the clinochlore, augite and interstitial groundmass do not vary greatly from that of the whole rock value in contrast to the situation in a quenched plateau basalt.

The hydration of larnite (β-Ca2SiO4) and bredigite (α1-Ca2SiO4) and the properties of the resulting gelatinous mineral plombierite

1955 ◽  
Vol 30 (229) ◽  
pp. 672-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. C. McConnell
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Thin Section ◽  
Adsorbed Water ◽  
Dicalcium Silicate ◽  
Preferred Orientation ◽  
Solid Reaction ◽  
Silicate Minerals ◽  
Hydrate Phase

In this paper the formation of a gelatinous hydrate phase from the natural dicalcium silicate minerals larnite and bredigite is described. Detailed study of the gel so formed indicates that the process of hydration is a solid reaction which is effeeted by diffusion. The preferred orientation of the hydrate phase suggests that the hydration is facilitated by a relationship between the structure of the anhydrous silicate and that of the hydrate phase produced.In this investigation the variations in density, mean refractive index, and chemical composition of the natural gels have been determined and the characteristics of the adsorbed water studied by isothermal dehydration and rehydration. In discussing the mechanism of hydration it has been assumed that this obtains at constant volume. This assumption is based on the study of gel pseudomorphs after single crystals of larnite and bredigite in thin section.

The Microstructure of Shock-Synthesized Diamond

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 324-325
Author(s):  
Lucien F. Trueb
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Preferred Orientation ◽  
High Magnification ◽  
Texture Pattern ◽  
Shock Process ◽  
New Type ◽  
Diffraction Diagram

A new type of synthetic industrial diamond formed by an explosive shock process has been recently developed by the Du Pont Company. This material consists of a mixture of two basically different forms, as shown in Figure 1: relatively flat and compact aggregates of acicular crystallites, and single crystals in the form of irregular polyhedra with straight edges.Figure 2 is a high magnification micrograph typical for the fibrous aggregates; it shows that they are composed of bundles of crystallites 0.05-0.3 μ long and 0.02 μ. wide. The selected area diffraction diagram (insert in Figure 2) consists of a weak polycrystalline ring pattern and a strong texture pattern with arc reflections. The latter results from crystals having preferred orientation, which shows that in a given particle most fibrils have a similar orientation.

The Infection of Cells by Bullet-Shaped Viruses

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 372-373
Author(s):  
Frederick A. Murphy ◽  
Alyne K. Harrison ◽  
Sylvia G. Whitfield
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Host Cell ◽  
Thin Section ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Cell Infection ◽  
Thin Section Electron Microscopy ◽  
Section Electron ◽  
Section Electron Microscopy

The bullet-shaped viruses are currently classified together on the basis of similarities in virion morphology and physical properties. Biologically and ecologically the member viruses are extremely diverse. In searching for further bases for making comparisons of these agents, the nature of host cell infection, both in vivo and in cultured cells, has been explored by thin-section electron microscopy.

Existence of Cubic ZrO2 at 300°C on Bulk Zirconium

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 166-167
Author(s):  
R.A. Ploc
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Metal Substrate ◽  
Preferred Orientation ◽  
Monoclinic Zirconia ◽  
Epitaxial Relationship

The manner in which ZrO2 forms on zirconium at 300°C in air has been discussed in the first reference. In short, monoclinic zirconia nucleates and grows with a preferred orientation relative to the metal substrate. The mode of growth is not well understood since an epitaxial relationship which gives minimum misfit between the zirconium ions in the metal/oxide combination is not realized. The reason may be associated with a thin cubic or tetragonal layer of ZrO2 between the inner oxygen saturated metal and the outer monoclinic zirconia.

Deformation of Yeast Plasma Membrane by Ethidium Bromide

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 254-255
Author(s):  
E. Keyhani
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Thin Section ◽  
Ethidium Bromide ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Mutagenic Effect ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Hydrophobic Region ◽  
Thin Section Electron Microscopy ◽  
Section Electron ◽  
Deep Pits

The mutagenic effect of ethidium bromide on the mitochondrial DNA is well established. Using thin section electron microscopy, it was shown that when yeast cells were grown in the presence of ethidium bromide, besides alterations in the mitochondria, the plasma membrane also showed alterations consisting of 75 to 110 nm-deep pits. Furthermore, ethidium bromide induced an increase in the length and number of endoplasmic reticulum and in the number of intracytoplasmic vesicles.Freeze-fracture, by splitting the hydrophobic region of the membrane, allows the visualization of the surface view of the membrane, and consequently, any alteration induced by ethidium bromide on the membrane can be better examined by this method than by the thin section method.Yeast cells, Candida utilis. were grown in the presence of 35 μM ethidium bromide. Cells were harvested and freeze-fractured according to the procedure previously described.

Cardiac myocytes cultured on a basement membrane extract of the ehs tumor

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 270-271
Author(s):  
L. Terracio ◽  
A. Dewey ◽  
K. Rubin ◽  
T.K. Borg
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Cardiac Myocytes ◽  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Cell Spreading ◽  
Collagen Iv ◽  
Basement Membrane Extract ◽  
Membrane Extract ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Multicellular Organisms

The recognition and interaction of cells with the extracellular matrix (ECM) effects the normal physiology as well as the pathology of all multicellular organisms. These interactions have been shown to influence the growth, development, and maintenance of normal tissue function. In previous studies, we have shown that neonatal cardiac myocytes specifically interacts with a variety of ECM components including fibronectin, laminin, and collagens I, III and IV. Culturing neonatal myocytes on laminin and collagen IV induces an increased rate of both cell spreading and sarcomerogenesis.

Site occupancy in gamma alumina

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 654-655
Author(s):  
C. A. Bateman ◽  
A.Z. Ringwelski ◽  
R.W. Broach
Keyword(s):  
Spinel Structure ◽  
Site Occupancy ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Neutron Diffraction Data ◽  
Gamma Alumina ◽  
Tetrahedral Sites ◽  
Powder Neutron Diffraction ◽  
Cation Sites ◽  
Powder Neutron Diffraction Data ◽  
Insufficient Number

Gamma (γ) alumina is referred to as a defect spinel because it has a tetragonally distorted spinel structure (AB2O4) and an insufficient number of cations to fill all cation sites. In the spinel structure, the oxygen lattice is cubic close packed with A- and B-site cations in tetrahedral and octahedral coordination, respectively. The 2l⅓ Al atoms per unit cell of γ alumina can distribute themselves across 16 octahedral and 8 tetrahedral sites.The literature differs on where the 2⅔ cation vacancies per unit cell are located. Wilson and McConnell proposed that the vacancies in γ alumina, as first formed by calcining boehmite, are predominantly on the tetrahedral lattice but, with further heat treatment, move to occupy random positions on both octahedral and tetrahedral lattices. One study using NMR showed that the vacancies lay exclusively on the tetrahedral lattice, independent of the calcination temperature. A more-recent study using Rietveld refinement of powder neutron diffraction data suggested that both octahedral and tetrahedral lattices were partially occupied.

The Mechanomorphology of Microtubule Sliding

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 604-607
Author(s):  
P. Satir ◽  
J. Wais-Steder ◽  
J. Avolio
Keyword(s):  
Thin Section ◽  
Dynein Arms

In 1977, Sale and Satir showed that active microtubule sliding in trypsin-treated Tetrahymena axonemes is always of a single polarity. If the doublet bearing active arms is labelled N, by convention, the doublet that is pushed by those arms is N+l. In active sliding in trypsin-treated axonemes doublet N+l is always displaced tipwards with respect to N. Several different configurations of the dynein arms have been described. These include: (1) an extended configuration, where the dynein arms are tilted about 40° towards the base of the axoneme and are long enough to span the space between doublets N and Ntl completely (2) a standard, unattached image, such as is usually seen in thin section. In this configuration, the arms do not span the interdoublet gap. (3) the rigor image, where the arms always bridge the gap. This differs from the extended configuration because tilt is often absent, so that the arms often lie normal to doublets N and N+l.

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