Calving From Ward–Hunt Ice Shelf, 1961–1962

1971 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Holdsworth
Keyword(s):  
Outer Part ◽  
Downward Trend ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Maximum Difference ◽  
Ice Shelf ◽  
Significant Downward Trend ◽  
Seismic Shock ◽  
The Mean

Tide records available from Alert, N.W.T. provide a possible basis for identifying more closely the time of the massive calving of the outer part of the Ward–Hunt Ice Shelf in the winter of 1961–1962. The event was possibly a result of a combination of influences. The time interval in which this event probably occurred is given as from February 6 (± 2 days) to March 6, 1962. The former date coincides with a 9% increase above the mean of the maximum difference between high and low water in a 6 h period. On February 4 a seismic shock occurred close to the ice shelf and March 6 identifies the end of a significant downward trend in the monthly plot of lowest low-water.

scholarly journals Wide Variation of Squeezing Force and Dispensing Time Interval among Eyedropper Bottles

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Kashiwagi
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Membrane Filter ◽  
Ocular Disease ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Syringe Pump ◽  
Maximum Difference ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
The Mean

Purpose. We aimed to investigate squeezing force and dispensing time interval of the first and second eye drops among a variety of eyedropper bottles and to clarify associated factors within these parameters. Methods. A total of 87 eyedropper bottles were involved in this study. We developed a squeezing force measuring system consisting of a syringe pump, digital force gauge, and custom-made test stand to measure the squeezing force and dispensing interval. The eyedropper bottle was housed in the system vertically, and measurements were repeated five times. We investigated the differences in squeezing force and dispensing interval by categories, including those that targeted ocular disease, brand or generic eyedroppers, shapes of eyedropper bottles, and the presence of a membrane filter inside the tip of the eyedropper bottle. Results. The mean squeezing forces of the first drop and the second drops were 8.3 ± 3.0 N and 10.4 ± 3.2 N, respectively. Both squeezing forces had a wide variation of more than threefold. A mean interval between the first and second drops was 3.1 ± 1.2 sec with a maximum difference of more than sevenfold. Round shapes of eyedropper bottles and the presence of filter membranes significantly increased the squeezing force. Conclusions. The squeezing force of eyedropper bottles was very wide, which may affect proper eye drop instillation. Unification of eyedropper bottles or developing mechanical aids may be useful for proper eye drop treatment.

scholarly journals National Temporal Trend Analysis of Infective Endocarditis among Patients Infected with HIV in Spain (1997–2014): A Retrospective Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Fe Muñoz-Moreno ◽  
Pablo Ryan ◽  
Alejandro Alvaro-Meca ◽  
Jorge Valencia ◽  
Eduardo Tamayo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Downward Trend ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Epidemiological Trend ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Significant Downward Trend

Background: People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH) form a vulnerable population for the onset of infective endocarditis (IE). We aimed to analyze the epidemiological trend of IE, as well as its microbiological characteristics, in PLWH during the combined antiretroviral therapy era in Spain. Methods: We performed a retrospective study (1997–2014) in PLWH with data obtained from the Spanish Minimum Basic Data Set. We selected 1800 hospital admissions with an IE diagnosis, which corresponded to 1439 patients. Results: We found significant downward trends in the periods 1997–1999 and 2008–2014 in the rate of hospital admissions with an IE diagnosis (from 21.8 to 3.8 events per 10,000 patients/year; p < 0.001), IE incidence (from 18.2 to 2.9 events per 10,000 patients/year; p < 0.001), and IE mortality (from 23.9 to 5.5 deaths per 100,000 patient-years; p < 0.001). The most frequent microorganisms involved were staphylococci (50%; 42.7% Staphylococcus aureus and 7.3% coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS)), followed by streptococci (9.3%), Gram-negative bacilli (8.3%), enterococci (3%), and fungus (1.4%). During the study period, we found a downward trend in the rates of CoNS (p < 0.001) and an upward trends in streptococci (p = 0.001), Gram-negative bacilli (p < 0.001), enterococci (p = 0.003), and fungus (p < 0.001) related to IE, mainly in 2008–2014. The rate of community-acquired IE showed a significant upward trend (p = 0.001), while the rate of health care-associated IE showed a significant downward trend (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The rates of hospital admissions, incidence, and mortality related to IE diagnosis in PLWH in Spain decreased from 1997 to 2014, while other changes in clinical characteristics, mode of acquisition, and pathogens occurred over this time.

scholarly journals Environmental and Oceanographic Conditions at the Continental Margin of the Central Basin, Northwestern Ross Sea (Antarctica) Since the Last Glacial Maximum

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Fiorenza Torricella ◽  
Romana Melis ◽  
Elisa Malinverno ◽  
Giorgio Fontolan ◽  
Mauro Bussi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continental Margin ◽  
Ross Sea ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Central Basin ◽  
Ice Shelf ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Ross Ice Shelf ◽  
Sedimentary Sequences ◽  
Ash Layer ◽  
The Last Glacial

The continental margin is a key area for studying the sedimentary processes related to the advance and retreat of the Ross Ice Shelf (Antarctica); nevertheless, much remains to be investigated. The aim of this study is to increase the knowledge of the last glacial/deglacial dynamics in the Central Basin slope–basin system using a multidisciplinary approach, including integrated sedimentological, micropaleontological and tephrochronological information. The analyses carried out on three box cores highlighted sedimentary sequences characterised by tree stratigraphic units. Collected sediments represent a time interval from 24 ka Before Present (BP) to the present time. Grain size clustering and data on the sortable silt component, together with diatom, silicoflagellate and foraminifera assemblages indicate the influence of the ice shelf calving zone (Unit 1, 24–17 ka BP), progressive receding due to Circumpolar Deep Water inflow (Unit 2, 17–10.2 ka BP) and (Unit 3, 10.2 ka BP–present) the establishment of seasonal sea ice with a strengthening of bottom currents. The dominant and persistent process is a sedimentation controlled by contour currents, which tend to modulate intensity in time and space. A primary volcanic ash layer dated back at around 22 ka BP is correlated with the explosive activity of Mount Rittmann.

scholarly journals TEVAR versus open repair of blunt traumatic descending aortic injury in polytraumatic patients involved in motor vehicle accidents

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imthiaz Manoly ◽  
Mohamed El Tahan ◽  
Maymoona Al Shuaibi ◽  
Fatimah Adel ◽  
Mohammed Al Harbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Open Repair ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Aortic Injury ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) is the standard-of-care for treating traumatic aortic injury (TAI). Few retrospective studies compared TEVAR to open repair in blunt traumatic aortic injury (BTAI). Our objectives were to compare the early outcomes of TEVAR for blunt traumatic descending aortic injury to open repair (OR) in polytraumatic patients involved in motor vehicle accidents (MVA). Results Between February 2005 and April 2017, 71 patients with TAI due to MVA presented to our institution. All patients with descending aortic injuries were considered for open repair (n = 41) or TEVAR (n = 30) if there was no contraindication. The primary outcome was mortality, and secondary outcomes were stroke, paraplegia, intensive care unit (ICU), and hospital stay. The mean age was 28.4 ± 10.1 years in the OR group and 33.3 ± 16.6 years in TEVAR-group (P = 0.13). The injury severity scores were 41 ± 10 in the OR group and 33 ± 17 in the TEVAR group (P = 0.03). Patients in the OR group underwent emergency repair with a mean time of 0.56 ± 0.18 days from arrival. The TEVAR group had a longer time interval between arrival and procedure (2.1 ± 1.7 days, P = 0.001). The OR group had more blood transfusion (24 (58.5%) vs. 8 (27.5%), P = 0.002), renal impairment (6 (14.6%) vs. 1 (5.50%), P = 0.23), and wound infection (21 (51.2%) vs. 3 (10%), P < 0.001). Three TEVAR patients had a perioperative stroke compared to two patients in the OR group (P = 0.64). There was no difference in the mean ICU (6 ± 8.9 vs. 5.3 ± 2.9 days; P = 0.1) or hospital stay (20.1 ± 12.3 vs. 20.1 ± 18.3, P = 0.62) between the two groups. There were four deaths in the OR group and none in the TEVAR group (P = 0.13). Conclusion The results of TEVAR were comparable with the open repair for traumatic aortic injury with good early postoperative outcomes. TEVAR repair could be associated with lower mortality, blood transfusion, and infective complications. However, the complexity of the injury and technical challenges were higher in the open group.

scholarly journals Effect of Injection Pressure of Infiltration Anesthesia to the Jawbone

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Yoshida ◽  
Eri Tanaka ◽  
Hiroyoshi Kawaai ◽  
Shinya Yamazaki
Keyword(s):  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
White Male ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Lidocaine Concentration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Infiltration Anesthesia ◽  
Local Anesthetic Infiltration

To obtain effective infiltration anesthesia in the jawbone, high concentrations of local anesthetic are needed. However, to reduce pain experienced by patients during local anesthetic administration, low-pressure injection is recommended for subperiosteal infiltration anesthesia. Currently, there are no studies regarding the effect of injection pressure on infiltration anesthesia, and a standard injection pressure has not been clearly determined. Hence, the effect of injection pressure of subperiosteal infiltration anesthesia on local anesthetic infiltration to the jawbone was considered by directly measuring lidocaine concentration in the jawbone. Japanese white male rabbits were used as test animals. After inducing general anesthesia with oxygen and sevoflurane, cannulation to the femoral artery was performed and arterial pressure was continuously recorded. Subperiosteal infiltration anesthesia was performed by injecting 0.5 mL of 2% lidocaine containing 1/80,000 adrenaline, and injection pressure was monitored by a pressure transducer for 40 seconds. After specified time intervals (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 minutes), jawbone and blood samples were collected, and the concentration of lidocaine at each time interval was measured. The mean injection pressure was divided into 4 groups (100 ± 50 mm Hg, 200 ± 50 mm Hg, 300 ± 50 mm Hg, and 400 ± 50 mm Hg), and comparison statistical analysis between these 4 groups was performed. No significant change in blood pressure during infiltration anesthesia was observed in any of the 4 groups. Lidocaine concentration in the blood and jawbone were highest 10 minutes after the infiltration anesthesia in all 4 groups and decreased thereafter. Lidocaine concentration in the jawbone increased as injection pressure increased, while serum lidocaine concentration was significantly lower. This suggests that when injection pressure of subperiosteal infiltration anesthesia is low, infiltration of local anesthetic to the jawbone may be reduced, while transfer to oral mucosa and blood may be increased.

scholarly journals Anatomical localization and classification of bundle branch blocks using novel CineECG

EP Europace ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Boonstra ◽  
BN Hilderink ◽  
ET Locati ◽  
FW Asselbergs ◽  
P Loh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Interval ◽  
Heart Model ◽  
National Budget ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Conduction Disorders ◽  
Bundle Branch Blocks ◽  
Anatomical Localization ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Diagnostic Work ◽  
Public Grant

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): This work was supported by the Dutch Heart Foundation Background Ventricular conduction disorders can induce arrhythmias and impair cardiac function. Bundle branch blocks are diagnosed by 12-lead ECG, but discrimination between complete bundle branch blocks, incomplete bundle branch blocks and normal tracings can be challenging. CineECG computes the mean temporo-spatial isochrone (mTSI) trajectory of activation waveforms in a 3D-heart model from 12-lead ECGs. This trajectory represents the mean trajectory of the ventricular electrical activation at any time interval directly related to ventricular anatomy. In Brugada patients, CineECG has localized the terminal components of ventricular depolarization to right ventricle outflow tract (RVOT). Also, for the localization of bundle branch blocks, the region of latest activation contains the most information. Using CineECG, subject specific anatomically related information about the location of bundle branch blocks is obtained. Purpose This study aimed at exploring whether CineECG can improve the discrimination between complete left/right bundle branch blocks (LBBB/RBBB), and incomplete RBBB (iRBBB). Methods We utilized 400 12-lead ECGs from the online Physionet-XL-PTB-Diagnostic ECG Database with a certified ECG diagnosis. The mTSI trajectory was calculated and projected into the anatomical 3D-heart model. Five CineECG classes were established: "Normal", "iRBBB", "RBBB", "LBBB" and "Undetermined", to which each tracing was allocated. We determined the accuracy of CineECG classification with the gold standard diagnosis. Results A total of 391 ECGs were analyzed (9 ECGs were excluded for noise) and 240/266 were correctly classified as "normal", 14/17 as "iRBBB", 55/55 as "RBBB", 51/51 as "LBBB" and 31 as "undetermined". Average mTSI trajectories were calculated according to ECG diagnosis (Figure). The terminal mTSI contained most information about the BBB localization, as that part directs to the site of latest activation (Figure, red arrow). Conclusion CineECG provided the anatomical localization of different BBBs and accurately differentiated between normal, LBBB and RBBB, and iRBBB. CineECG may aid clinical diagnostic work-up, potentially also contributing to the difficult discrimination between normal, iRBBB and Brugada patients. Abstract Figure. Average CineECG trajectories

scholarly journals Comparison of Shade of Ceramic with Three Different Zirconia Substructures using Spectrophotometer

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Rashid Habib ◽  
Ibraheem F Al Shiddi
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Difference ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Ceramic Color ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Grand Rapids ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Type 3

ABSTRACT Objective This study assessed how changing the Zirconia (Zr) substructure affected the color samples after they have been overlaid by the same shade of veneering ceramic. Materials and methods Three commercial Zr materials were tested in this study: Prettau® Zirconia (ZirKonZahn, Italy), Cercon (Dentsply, Germany) and InCoris ZI (Sirona, Germany). For each system, 15 disk-shaped specimens (10 × 1 mm) were fabricated. Three shades of A1, A2 and A3.5 of porcelain (IPS e.MaxCeram, IvoclarVivadent, USA) were used for layering the specimens. Five specimens from each type of Zr were layered with same shade of ceramic. Color measurements were recorderd by a spectrophotometer Color-Eye® 7000A (X-Rite, Grand Rapids, MI). Mean values of L, a, b color coordinates and ?E were recorded and comparisons were made. Results Differences in the ΔE were recorded for the same porcelain shade with different Zr substructures and affected the color of the specimens (p < 0.01, ANOVA). The maximum difference between the ΔE values for the A1, A2 and A3.5 shades with three types of Zr substructures was found to be 1.59, 1.69 and 1.45 respectively. Multiple comparisons of the ΔE with PostHoc Tukey test revealed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between the three types of Zr, except between Type 2 Zr and Type 3 Zr for the Shade A1. The mean values of L, a, b and ΔE for the Prettau® Zirconia substructure were found to be the least among the three types. Conclusions The brand of Zr used influences the final color of the all ceramic Zr based restorations and this has clinical significance. How to cite this article Habib SR, Al Shiddi IF. Comparison of Shade of Ceramic with Three Different Zirconia Substructures using Spectrophotometer. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(2): 135-140.

scholarly journals Childhood accidental poisoning among hospitalised children in a tertiary health care in North Central Nigeria - A two year prospective report

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
P.A. Ahmed ◽  
V.E. Nwatah ◽  
C.C. Ulonnam
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
Accidental Poisoning ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Childhood Poisoning ◽  
Home Intervention ◽  
The Mean

Background: The young child can be at risk of accidental poisoning because of its being very inquisitive to mouth objects. The prevalence and typesof poisoning vary within Nigeria and different parts of the world. Aim: To describe the sociodemographics, clinical features and outcome in childhood poisoning seen at the National hospital Abuja (NHA) Nigeria. Subjects and Methods: A descriptive prospective study on children admitted for acute poisoning from September 2014 -August 2016. Consecutive children with a history of poisoning were recruited during the study period. The children were examined, and poison severity scores were recorded into a proforma, and followed up till discharge or demise. Results: Twenty-two children were admitted for acute poisoning, out of the 2336 children seen during the study period, with a prevalence rate of 0.94%. Fourteen (63.6%) were of upper social class, with 12 (54. 5%) mothers having tertiary level education. The mean time (±SD) of presentation was 11.9 ± 23.9 hours, while the mean (SD) duration of hospital stay was 4.8 ± 6.2 days; hospital stay was significant with types of poisoning (Fisher exact test 22.062, p<0.0001). The common poisoning agents were kerosene and organophosphate, 8(36.4%) each, while main clinical features were  cough in 8 (36.4%), tachypnoea in 7(31.8%), fever in 6 (27.3%) and 8(36.4%) had home intervention. Two (9.1%) and 4(18.2%) had poison severity  scores (PSS) of 3 and 4 respectively, which was significant for time interval of presentation and use of harmful home intervention (Fisher exact test3.697, p=0.024) and (Fisher exact test10.04, p=0.018) respectively. Fatality was 18.2%. Conclusion: kerosene and organophosphate were most common poison agents, while PSS was related to time of presentation, home intervention and types of poisoning agents. Key words: childhood, poisoning, hospitalized, outcome.

scholarly journals Differences between 3D isovoxel fat suppression VIBE MRI and CT models of proximal femur osseous anatomy: A preliminary study for bone tumor resection planning

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0250334
Author(s):  
Choong Guen Chee ◽  
Hye Won Chung ◽  
Wanlim Kim ◽  
Min A. Yoon ◽  
So Myoung Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proximal Femur ◽  
Femoral Shaft ◽  
Fat Suppression ◽  
Concordance Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Maximum Difference ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
3D Mri ◽  
Concordance Correlation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences

Purpose To evaluate the osseous anatomy of the proximal femur extracted from a 3D-MRI volumetric interpolated breath-hold (VIBE) sequence using either a Dixon or water excitation (WE) fat suppression method, and to measure the overall difference using CT as a reference standard. Material and methods This retrospective study reviewed imaging of adult patients with hip pain who underwent 3D hip MRI and CT. A semi-automatically segmented CT model served as the reference standard, and MRI segmentation was performed manually for each unilateral hip joint. The differences between Dixon-VIBE-3D-MRI vs. CT, and WE-VIBE-3D-MRI vs. CT, were measured. Equivalence tests between Dixon-VIBE and WE-VIBE models were performed with a threshold of 0.1 mm. Bland–Altman plots and Lin’s concordance-correlation coefficient were used to analyze the agreement between WE and Dixon sequences. Subgroup analyses were performed for the femoral head/neck, intertrochanteric, and femoral shaft areas. Results The mean and maximum differences between Dixon-VIBE-3D-MRI vs. CT were 0.2917 and 3.4908 mm, respectively, whereas for WE-VIBE-3D-MRI vs. CT they were 0.3162 and 3.1599 mm. The mean differences of the WE and Dixon methods were equivalent (P = 0.0292). However, the maximum difference was not equivalent between the two methods and it was higher in WE method. Lin’s concordance-correlation coefficient showed poor agreement between Dixon and WE methods. The mean differences between the CT and 3D-MRI models were significantly higher in the femoral shaft area (P = 0.0004 for WE and P = 0.0015 for Dixon) than in the other areas. The maximum difference was greatest in the intertrochanteric area for both techniques. Conclusion The difference between 3D-MR and CT models were acceptable with a maximal difference below 3.5mm. WE and Dixon fat suppression methods were equivalent. The mean difference was highest at the femoral shaft area, which was off-center from the magnetization field.

THE CHANGES OF RENAL FUNCTION STATUS BASED ON PROTEINURIA AND GLOMERULUS FILTRATION RATE IN PATIENTS WITH HISTORY OF PREECLAMPSIA WITH SEVERE FEATURES

2021 ◽  
pp. 279-282
Author(s):  
Chairul Adilla Ardy ◽  
Muara Panusunan Lubis ◽  
Cut Adeya Adella ◽  
Hotma Partogi Pasaribu ◽  
Muhammad Rusda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

Background: Preeclampsia with severe features is an endothelial disease that causes renal system disorders during pregnancy. Preeclampsia is an important cause of acute kidney injury and risk for chronic kidney disease. Methods: This study was a case series conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, H. Adam Malik General Hospital Medan, Indonesia starting from December 2019 until January 2020. Total sampling technique was employed obtaining 31 subjects with a history of preeclampsia with severe features for at least 3 months to 2 years postpartum, without a history of chronic disease, diabetes mellitus, and congenital kidney disorders. Proteinuria, serum creatinine, and GFR calculations were performed. Results: There were 31 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. At a time interval of 4 - ≤13 months postpartum, 2 levels of proteinuria +1 (0-2), serum creatinine 0.81 ± 0.21 mg/dl, and levels of GFR 109.57 ± 25.13 (ml/min/1.73 m ). Whereas at the time interval of >13 - 24 months postpartum, levels of proteinuria +1 (0-3), serum creatinine 0.85 ± 0.23 mg/dl, and GFR 2 levels of 104. 41 ± 28.45 (ml/min/1.73 m ). The mean of serum creatinine before delivery was 0.69 ± 0.15 mg/dl and after delivery was 0.83 ± 0.22 mg/dl. The mean of GFR postpartum at group of history of early onset preeclampsia was 103.07 ± 25.23 2 2 (ml/min/1.73 m ) and group of history of late onset preeclampsia was 113.40 ± 28.24 (ml/min/1.73 m ). Conclusion: There was a tendency for a decrease in renal function among women with a history of preeclampsia with severe features with ndings of persistent proteinuria from more than 3 to 24 months postpartum, an increase in mean of serum creatinine levels from before and after delivery and a decrease in GFR, but it was not signicant. This was related to the slow course of chronic kidney disease, so it had to be followed up periodically.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document