Foredune development on Îles de la Madeleine (Quebec), Atlantic Canada

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 1467-1476 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. T. Giles ◽  
S. B. McCann
Keyword(s):  
Wave Energy ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Atlantic Canada ◽  
High Wind ◽  
The West ◽  
Ammophila Breviligulata ◽  
Cool Temperate ◽  
Energy Environment ◽  
La Madeleine

The foredune, in this cool-temperate, sediment-abundant, relatively high wind and wave energy environment, is generally a single ridge with a mean height of 5.1 m (max. 11.4 m) and width of 25–35 m. Pioneer vegetation is dominated by Ammophila breviligulata. Four foredune types were identified: scarped, scarped with blowouts, scarped with incipient foredune, and nonscarped, the first being the most common, occupying more than 50% of the shoreline. Foredune erosion and retreat is occurring at an average rate of 0.8 m∙a−1. The marked differences in dune character between the west and east coasts of the islands are related to differences in wave energy and shoreline dissipativeness. The higher energy west coast exhibits more dynamic dunes with more frequent blowouts, which may develop into parabolic forms.

Characterizing the near shore wave energy resource on the west coast of Vancouver Island, Canada

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 665-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryson R.D. Robertson ◽  
Clayton E. Hiles ◽  
Bradley J. Buckham
Keyword(s):  
Wave Energy ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
The West ◽  
Near Shore

scholarly journals Historical Evolution of the Wave Resource and Energy Production off the Chilean Coast over the 20th Century

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Ulazia ◽  
Markel Penalba ◽  
Arkaitz Rabanal ◽  
Gabriel Ibarra-Berastegi ◽  
John Ringwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
The West ◽  
Chilean Coast ◽  
Resource Variability ◽  
The Impact

The wave energy resource in the Chilean coast shows particularly profitable characteristics for wave energy production, with relatively high mean wave power and low inter-annual resource variability. This combination is as interesting as unusual, since high energetic locations are usually also highly variable, such as the west coast of Ireland. Long-term wave resource variations are also an important aspect when designing wave energy converters (WECs), which are often neglected in resource assessment. The present paper studies the long-term resource variability of the Chilean coast, dividing the 20th century into five do-decades and analysing the variations between the different do-decades. To that end, the ERA20C reanalysis of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts is calibrated versus the ERA-Interim reanalysis and validated against buoy measurements collected in different points of the Chilean coast. Historical resource variations off the Chilean coast are compared to resource variations off the west coast in Ireland, showing a significantly more consistent wave resource. In addition, the impact of historical wave resource variations on a realistic WEC, similar to the Corpower device, is studied, comparing the results to those obtained off the west coast of Ireland. The annual power production off the Chilean coast is demonstrated to be remarkably more regular over the 20th century, with variations of just 1% between the different do-decades.

Measurements of Extreme Forces on a Wave Energy Converter of Point Absorber Type and Estimation of Added Mass of Cylindrical Buoy

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halvar Gravråkmo ◽  
Erland Strömstedt ◽  
Andrej Savin ◽  
Olle Svensson ◽  
Mats Leijon
Keyword(s):  
Wave Energy ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Vertical Cylinder ◽  
Added Mass ◽  
Wave Energy Converter ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Energy Converter ◽  
The West ◽  
Stroke Length ◽  
Point Absorber

A wave energy converter (WEC) of point absorber type is tested at the west coast of Sweden. The buoy is a vertical cylinder. The linear generator on the seabed has limited stroke length. Large waves cause the generator to reach its maximum stroke length. As this happen, a spring in the generator is compressed, causing the buoy to instantly come to rest. During this process the force between the buoy and the generator is measured. Also the acceleration of the buoy is measured. This process and the extreme forces on the generator hull is described and the study shows that the magnitude of this force is greatly influenced by the added mass of the buoy and thus the buoy geometry. The ratio between the extreme forces on the hull and the forces during normal operation will affect the dimensioning and economy of the WEC. Force acting between generator and buoy were measured during various events as the WEC was operating. Heave added mass was derived from the measurements and found to be greater than the theoretical value.

scholarly journals Coldspot of Decelerated Sea-Level Rise on the Pacific Coast of North America

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Parker
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
The West ◽  
Sea Levels

Abstract We show here the presence of significant “coldspot” of sea level rise along the West Coast of the United States and Canada (including Alaska). The 30-years sea level for the area are mostly falling also at subsiding locations as San Francisco and Seattle where subsidence is responsible for a long term positive rate of rise. The 20 long term tide gauges of the area of length exceeding the 60-years length have a naïve average rate of rise −0.729 mm/year in the update 30-Apr-2015, down from −0.624 mm/year in the update 14-Feb-2014. Therefore, along the West Coast of the United States and Canada the sea levels are on average falling, and becoming more and more negative.

scholarly journals Wave energy resource variation off the west coast of Ireland and its impact on realistic wave energy converters’ power absorption

2018 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 205-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markel Penalba ◽  
Alain Ulazia ◽  
Gabriel Ibarra-Berastegui ◽  
John Ringwood ◽  
Jon Sáenz
Keyword(s):  
Wave Energy ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
The West ◽  
Power Absorption ◽  
Wave Energy Converters ◽  
Energy Converters ◽  
Resource Variation

Weather Window Analysis of Irish and Portuguese Wave Data With Relevance to Operations and Maintenance of Marine Renewables

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael O’Connor ◽  
Tony Lewis ◽  
Gordon Dalton
Keyword(s):  
Wave Height ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
The West ◽  
Wave Data ◽  
Window Analysis ◽  
Operations And Maintenance ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
Waiting Periods

This paper presents the results of a weather window analysis of wave data from the west coast of Ireland and the Atlantic coast of Portugal in order to quantify the levels of access to ocean energy renewables, which may be deployed there, for operation and maintenance activities. In order to operate and maintain offshore marine renewables, a device will have to be accessible for a certain period of time. This will require a weather window consisting of a consecutive period of wave heights low enough and long enough for the device to be accessed. It is important to quantify what the levels of access are off the Irish west coast and Portuguese Atlantic coast given their high wind and wave resource. Wave data from two wave buoys, the M3 buoy located 56km off the west coast of Ireland and the Leixoes buoy located 19km off the Portuguese coast, are analysed to quantify the levels of access that exist. The data is used to quantify the general regimes at both sites by presenting the wave energy resource, the mean annual exceedance and the wave height frequency at both sites. The levels of access are quantified at operations and maintenance (O/M) access limits of Hs 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5m wave height, by presenting the number of windows and the percentage of the year that these windows make up as well as the total number of hours, monthly and annual, that the wave heights are below these limits. Also presented are the waiting periods between windows by showing both the longest individual waiting periods between windows in a year and also the total intervals between windows in a year. The levels of access observed off Ireland and Portugal are then compared to levels of access observed at other marine renewable locations, namely the North Sea, Irish East Coast and Pacific North-western US coast. The results indicate that the levels of access off Ireland and Portugal are far below those observed at other marine renewable locations, and at the lower wave height access limits, there are very few suitable weather windows and considerable winter waiting periods between these windows. The implications of these low levels of access suggest that maintaining wave energy converters, off the west coast, may not be feasible and devices will need to be brought ashore for O/M activities.

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