Retro-arc extension and continental rifting: a model for the Paleoproterozoic Baker Lake Basin, Nunavut1Geological Survey of Canada Contribution 20100436.

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 1232-1258 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Hadlari ◽  
R.H. Rainbird
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Strike Slip ◽  
Superior Province ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Tectonic Zone ◽  
Basin Development ◽  
Half Graben ◽  
Baker Lake ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Back Arc

Within Baker Lake sub-basin, the ca. 1.84–1.78 Ga Baker Sequence formed in two stages. At the start of the first stage, during rift initiation, half-graben were host to siliciclastic alluvial, eolian, and lacustrine deposits and to localized felsic minette volcanics. Back-stepping of facies indicate high accommodation rates and areal expansion, which, combined with extrusion of voluminous minette volcanic rocks, are interpreted to record increased extension and rift climax. Low accommodation post-rift deposits from the second stage of basin development are relatively thin and coeval felsite domes spatially restricted. Volcanic rocks and some siliciclastic units correlate between sub-basins, and hence the interpreted history of Baker Lake sub-basin is extended across greater Baker Lake Basin. This implies that the basin formed in response to regional extension and crustal thinning. The Baker Lake Basin marks the northern extent of a series of basins that trend northeastward along the Snowbird Tectonic Zone, including an inlier of the correlative Martin Group in northern Saskatchewan. The high accommodation first stage of basin development is proposed to have been the result of intra-continental retro-arc extension during ca. 1.85–1.84 Ga formation of the Kisseynew back-arc basin of the Trans-Hudson Orogen. Upon closure of the Kisseynew back-arc basin and collision of the Superior Province with the western Churchill Province, Baker Lake Basin was subject to strike-slip faulting. The second, low accommodation stage of basin development and strike-slip faulting is proposed to record lateral tectonic escape between the Saskatchewan–Manitoba and Baffin Island – Committee Bay foci of the western Churchill – Superior Province collision.

Alluvial, eolian and lacustrine sedimentology of a Paleoproterozoic half-graben, Baker Lake Basin, Nunavut, Canada

2006 ◽  
Vol 190 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 47-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Hadlari ◽  
Robert H. Rainbird ◽  
J. Allan Donaldson
Keyword(s):  
Lake Basin ◽  
Half Graben ◽  
Baker Lake ◽  
Lacustrine Sedimentology

Sedimentation and volcanism linked to multiphase rifting in an Oligo-Miocene intra-arc basin, Anglona, Sardinia

2000 ◽  
Vol 137 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALISON SOWERBUTTS
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Calc Alkaline ◽  
Accommodation Space ◽  
Western Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Half Graben ◽  
Back Arc

Three extensional phases can be recognized in the northern, Anglona area of the Oligo-Miocene Sardinian Rift during a fifteen million year period which spanned Corsica–Sardinia continental microplate separation and Western Mediterranean back-arc basin opening. In response to this multiphase rifting, a complex facies architecture involving clastic, carbonate and volcanic rocks developed. Integrated onshore facies and structural analysis, dating and offshore seismic data are here used to reconstruct the tectono-stratigraphic history of the Anglona area. Initial late Oligocene extension created a half-graben geometry with syn-rift clastic deposits shed locally from fault-bounded highs, passing laterally to lacustrine marlstones. Calc-alkaline volcanic activity subsequently predominated as volcanic centres developed along one half-graben bounding fault. Voluminous pyroclastic and epiclastic material was supplied to the adjacent half-graben accommodation space and was deposited in marginal to marine conditions. Second-phase mid-Aquitanian–early Burdigalian extensional faulting, recognized from localized clastic syn-rift stratal wedges, truncated and subdivided the half-graben. The syn-rift sediments were sealed by a regionally correlated ignimbrite that in turn was offset by late second-phase faulting. Third-phase extensional fault movement which reactivated the original fault trend then occurred. A perched lake developed in the resultant topography coeval with the progressive marine transgression of lower areas. As sea-level rose during mid-Burdigalian times, reefal carbonates and grainstones developed on fault-block highs whilst calcarenites and marlstones were deposited in hangingwall locations. Initial extension was coeval with the formation of the Sardinian proto-rift and the initiation of the Western Mediterranean basin. Second-phase faulting occurred as the Corsica–Sardinia microplate rotated to its present position during Western Mediterranean back-arc basin spreading. Final extension can be correlated to a second major extension phase along the Oligo-Miocene Sardinian Rift following back-arc basin opening, as extension was transferred towards the fore-arc. In Anglona, the main influence of multiphase tectonism was on rift topography, providing accommodation space and localized uplifted source areas. Varying relative sea-level mainly controlled the broad types of facies belts that developed. Contemporaneous calc-alkaline volcanism played a major role in the supply of basin filling material and in changing the topography locally.

La zone tectonique du front de Grenville à l'est de Louvicourt, Québec : exhumation de la croûte archéenne pendant l'orogénie grenvillienne

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 1899-1920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Berclaz ◽  
Réjean Hébert ◽  
Michel Rocheleau
Keyword(s):  
Regional Metamorphism ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Crustal Thickening ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Superior Province ◽  
Reverse Fault ◽  
Tectonic Zone ◽  
Grenville Province ◽  
Vein Formation ◽  
Lower Temperature

The Grenville Front tectonic zone, East of Louvicourt in Quebec, defines a tectonometamorphic domain marked by the Grenville Front oriented North 50°, that is locally crosscut by a North 30° reverse fault, the Matchi-Manitou Fault. These tectonic accidents separate the central parts of the Superior Province to the northwest from the Grenville Province to the southeast. The Archean age, high-grade polymetamorphic sequences of the Grenville Province consist of paragneisses and migmatitic quartzofeldspathic gneisses associated to coarse-grained, anatectic pegmatitic veins, the whole containing shreds of two pyroxenes-bearing mafic gneisses. The metamorphic disequilibrium textures, the chemical analyses of the mineral phases, and the whole-rock chemistry of these sequences indicate that a strong crustal thickening, marked by the incorporation of shreds of volcanic rocks in the metasedimentary sequences, led to the granulitization of the lithologies and the quartzofeldspathic pegmatitic vein formation by fluid-absent partial melting of the surrounding migmatitic quartzofeldspathic gneisses under 750–825 MPa and 675–745 °C conditions. Subsequently, a higher pressure and slightly lower temperature episode (920–990 MPa and 625–750 °C) is at the origin of a development of secondary coronitic garnet around primary garnet. A late fluid is responsible for final retrograde reequilibrations in all the lithologies. All these successive events probably occurred during the Archean ages. During the Grenvillian orogeny (1.0 Ga), the thrusting movement with a strong sinistral component of the Grenvillian Province onto the Superior Province is characterized: (i) to the east of the Grenville Front, by the exhumation and the rotation of 9–12 km thick sequences of the Grenville Province; (ii) to the west of the Grenville Front, by the development of a 705–845 MPa and 570–605 °C medium-grade metamorphism that overprints the 400–565 MPa and 600–660 °C regional metamorphism of Kenorean age. Both metamorphic episodes define a 1–6 km width band made of biotite and garnet-bearing paragneisses.

scholarly journals Morphotectonic Analysis along the Northern Margin of Samos Island, Related to the Seismic Activity of October 2020, Aegean Sea, Greece

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Paraskevi Nomikou ◽  
Dimitris Evangelidis ◽  
Dimitrios Papanikolaou ◽  
Danai Lampridou ◽  
Dimitris Litsas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fault Zone ◽  
Seismic Activity ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Active Tectonics ◽  
Normal Fault ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Northern Margin ◽  
The North ◽  
Eastern Aegean ◽  
Half Graben

On 30 October 2020, a strong earthquake of magnitude 7.0 occurred north of Samos Island at the Eastern Aegean Sea, whose earthquake mechanism corresponds to an E-W normal fault dipping to the north. During the aftershock period in December 2020, a hydrographic survey off the northern coastal margin of Samos Island was conducted onboard R/V NAFTILOS. The result was a detailed bathymetric map with 15 m grid interval and 50 m isobaths and a morphological slope map. The morphotectonic analysis showed the E-W fault zone running along the coastal zone with 30–50° of slope, forming a half-graben structure. Numerous landslides and canyons trending N-S, transversal to the main direction of the Samos coastline, are observed between 600 and 100 m water depth. The ENE-WSW oriented western Samos coastline forms the SE margin of the neighboring deeper Ikaria Basin. A hummocky relief was detected at the eastern margin of Samos Basin probably representing volcanic rocks. The active tectonics characterized by N-S extension is very different from the Neogene tectonics of Samos Island characterized by NE-SW compression. The mainshock and most of the aftershocks of the October 2020 seismic activity occur on the prolongation of the north dipping E-W fault zone at about 12 km depth.

The Caledonoid faults of northern Lleyn (North Wales)

1970 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. Tremlett
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Strike Slip ◽  
Metamorphic Rocks ◽  
Red Sandstone ◽  
North Wales ◽  
Dextral Strike Slip

SummaryEvidence of substantial dextral strike-slip displacements along the Caledonoid fault-set of northern Lleyn is revealed by the distribution of Pre-Cambrian igneous and metamorphic rocks, Ordovician volcanic rocks and Caledonian ‘early granodioritic’ intrusions. These apparently occurred prior to some smaller sinistral strike-slip movements which left total net dextral displacements of 91/2 km. Both types of movement were completed before the Caledonoid faults were disrupted by NNW sinistral faulting and more intrusions of Lower Old Red Sandstone age were emplaced.

Le terrane de Slide Mountain (Cordillères canadiennes) : une lithosphère océanique marquée par des points chauds

2003 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 833-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Tardy ◽  
H Lapierre ◽  
D Bosch ◽  
A Cadoux ◽  
A Narros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Oceanic Island ◽  
Light Rare Earth ◽  
Isotopic Compositions ◽  
Incompatible Elements ◽  
Depleted Mantle ◽  
Mantle Sources ◽  
British Colombia ◽  
Ultramafic Cumulates ◽  
Back Arc

The Slide Mountain Terrane consists of Devonian to Permian siliceous and detrital sediments in which are interbedded basalts and dolerites. Locally, ultramafic cumulates intrude these sediments. The Slide Mountain Terrane is considered to represent a back-arc basin related to the Quesnellia Paleozoic arc-terrane. However, the Slide Mountain mafic volcanic rocks exposed in central British Colombia do not exhibit features of back-arc basin basalts (BABB) but those of mid-oceanic ridge (MORB) and oceanic island (OIB) basalts. The N-MORB-type volcanic rocks are characterized by light rare-earth element (LREE)-depleted patterns, La/Nb ratios ranging between 1 and 2. Moreover, their Nd and Pb isotopic compositions suggest that they derived from a depleted mantle source. The within-plate basalts differ from those of MORB affinity by LREE-enriched patterns; higher TiO2, Nb, Ta, and Th abundances; lower εNd values; and correlatively higher isotopic Pb ratios. The Nd and Pb isotopic compositions of the ultramafic cumulates are similar to those of MORB-type volcanic rocks. The correlations between εNd and incompatible elements suggest that part of the Slide Mountain volcanic rocks derive from the mixing of two mantle sources: a depleted N-MORB type and an enriched OIB type. This indicates that some volcanic rocks of the Slide Mountain basin likely developed from a ridge-centered or near-ridge hotspot. The activity of this hotspot is probably related to the worldwide important mantle plume activity that occurred at the end of Permian times, notably in Siberia.

Rubidium–strontium ages from the Oxford Lake – Knee Lake greenstone belt, northern Manitoba

1980 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 560-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Clark ◽  
S.-P. Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Greenstone Belt ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Superior Province ◽  
Granitic Intrusion ◽  
Greenstone Belts ◽  
Archean Greenstone Belts

Rb–Sr whole-rock ages have been determined for rocks from the Oxford Lake – Knee Lake – Gods Lake greenstone belt, in the Superior Province of northeastern Manitoba.The age of the Magill Lake Pluton is 2455 ± 35 Ma (λ87Rb = 1.42 × 10−11 yr−1), with an initial 87Sr/86Sr ratio of 0.7078 ± 0.0043. This granitic stock intrudes the Oxford Lake Group, so it is post-tectonic and probably related to the second, weaker stage of metamorphism.The age of the Bayly Lake Pluton is 2424 ± 74 Ma, with an initial 87Sr/86Sr ratio of 0.7029 ± 0.0001. This granodioritic batholith complex does not intrude the Oxford Lake Group. It is syn-tectonic and metamorphosed.The age of volcanic rocks of the Hayes River Group, from Goose Lake (30 km south of Gods Lake Narrows), is 2680 ± 125 Ma, with an initial 87Sr/86Sr ratio of 0.7014 ± 0.0009.The age for the Magill Lake and Bayly Lake Plutons can be interpreted as the minimum ages of granitic intrusion in the area.The age for the Hayes River Group volcanic rocks is consistent with Rb–Sr ages of volcanic rocks from other Archean greenstone belts within the northwestern Superior Province.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document