Skeletal remains of a small theropod dinosaur with associated soft structures from the Lower Cretaceous Santana Formation of northeastern Brazil

2000 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 891-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M Martill ◽  
Eberhard Frey ◽  
Hans-Dieter Sues ◽  
Arthur RI Cruickshank
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Pelvic Girdle ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Theropod Dinosaur ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Santana Formation ◽  
The Right

Associated well-preserved, uncrushed skeletal remains, comprising the pelvic girdle, partial sacrum, both femora, and parts of the right tibia and fibula, from the Romualdo Member of the Lower Cretaceous Santana Formation of northeastern Brazil record the presence of a previously unknown coelurosaurian theropod dinosaur in that formation. The pelvic girdle is noteworthy for the bilaterally asymmetrical development of various bony features. The specimen also preserves a segment of lithified intestinal tract. While still in the matrix, the fossil preserved a vacuity behind the pubic apron that may indicate the existence of a postpubic air sac.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic relationships of Chanidae (Teleostei: Gonorynchiformes) as impacted by Dastilbe moraesi , from the Sanfranciscana basin, Early Cretaceous of Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre C. Ribeiro ◽  
Francisco J. Poyato-Ariza ◽  
Flávio A. Bockmann ◽  
Marcelo R. de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Chanos Chanos ◽  
Living Species ◽  
Recent Species ◽  
Character Matrix ◽  
Santana Formation

ABSTRACT Fossil gonorynchiform fishes range from the Lower Cretaceous to the early Miocene, and are represented by a few dozen living species. The order is currently divided into two major clades: Gonorynchoidei, which includes the families Gonorynchidae and Kneriidae, and Chanoidei, encompassing a single family, Chanidae, with a single recent species, the Indo-Pacific Chanos chanos, and several fossil taxa. Chanidae includes some poorly known taxa, such as Dastilbe moraesi, described from the Aptian (Lower Cretaceous) of the Areado Formation, Sanfranciscana basin, Brazil. This species is currently considered to be a junior synonym of the type species of its genus, Dastilbe crandalli, from Santana Formation, Aptian, northeastern Brazil. The analysis of abundant D. moraesi specimens revealed several new morphological features, many of which had previously been misinterpreted. Dastilbe moraesi was incorporated into a gonorynchiform character matrix as revised and modified for the Chanidae. We obtained a single most parsimonious tree in which D. moraesi is distinct and phylogenetically apart from D. crandalli. According our analysis, D. moraesi forms a sister pair with Chanos, a clade which is closely related to Tharrhias, all composing the tribe Chanini.

Cratomyia macrorrhyncha, a Lower Cretaceous brachyceran fossil from the Santana Formation, Brazil, representing a new species, genus and family of the Stratiomyomorpha (Diptera)

2000 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalton S. Amorim ◽  
Luiz Augusto Mazzarolo
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Santana Formation ◽  
A New Species

AbstractA new fossil Brachycera (Diptera), Cratomyia macrorrhyncha gen. n. & sp. n. is described from the Santana Formation, Lower Cretaceous, situated on the Araripe Basin (Northeastern Brazil). Its remarkable features are the large body size, very long proboscis, antenna with multi-articled flagellum, robust thorax and abdomen, and wing characters like the abbreviated costal vein, distally forked veins R4+5 and M1+2, strongly arched M1, and closed cells m3 and cup. The new genus and species does not reasonably fit in any of the existing families and a new family, Cratomyiidae is proposed. The systematic position of the family is discussed. Reasons are given for not including it in the following higher taxa of Brachycera: Xylophagomorpha, Tabanomorpha, Vermileonomorpha, Asilomorpha, and Eremoneura. The Cratomyiidae are included in Stratiomyomorpha as the sister-group of Xylomyidae + Stratiomyidae, above the origin of Pantophthalmidae.

First Mesozoic representative of the subfamily Liparochrinae (Coleoptera: Hybosoridae) from the Lower Cretaceous Lebanese amber

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
A.G. Kirejtshuk ◽  
D. Azar ◽  
O. Montreuil
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Median Part ◽  
The Right

One specimen among coleopterous inclusions recently recovered in Lebanese amber is described as Libanochrus calvus gen. et sp. nov. and assigned to the subfamily Liparochrinae of the Hybosoridae. This specimen is incomplete but a large part of its head with appendages, prothoracic segment with anterior legs, remains of the median part of the pterothoracic underside and the lateral base of the of the right elytron make possible the conclusion on the subfamily attribution and diagnose it among the rest of fossil and recent taxa of this family. At present it is the oldest representative of the subfamily.

scholarly journals Improvement of the Impact Properties of Composite Laminates by Means of Nano-Modification of the Matrix—A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Saghafi ◽  
Mohamad Fotouhi ◽  
Giangiacomo Minak
Keyword(s):  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Impact Performance ◽  
Compression After Impact ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Right ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

This paper reviews recent works on the application of nanofibers and nanoparticle reinforcements to enhance the interlaminar fracture toughness, to reduce the impact induced damage and to improve the compression after impact performance of fiber reinforced composites with brittle thermosetting resins. The nanofibers have been mainly used as mats embedded between plies of laminated composites, whereas the nanoparticles have been used in 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D dimensional patterns to reinforce the matrix and consequently the composite. The reinforcement mechanisms are presented, and a comparison is done between the different papers in the literature. This review shows that in order to have an efficient reinforcement effect, careful consideration is required in the manufacturing, materials selection and reinforcement content and percentage. The selection of the right parameters can provide a tough and impact resistant composite with cost effective reinforcements.

The inflammatory macrophage: a story of Jekyll and Hyde

2002 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy S. DUFFIELD
Keyword(s):  
Apoptotic Cells ◽  
Tissue Healing ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Selective Depletion ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Matrix Components ◽  
The Right ◽  
Extracellular Structures ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Inflammatory Macrophage

Recent investigations have highlighted new roles for the macrophage (Mϕ) in the biology of inflammation. Selective depletion of Mϕs from inflamed sites has confirmed their predominant role in immune-mediated damage. The components of this injury have been dissected. Mϕs mediate death of stromal, parenchymal and other immune cells by engaging the death programme, resulting in apoptosis. In addition, Mϕs induce destruction of matrix and extracellular structures both directly and indirectly by inducing stromal cells to release matrix metalloproteinases. However, there is another side to the inflammatory Mϕ. Evidence is provided that Mϕs at the same sites possess the ability to aid cell proliferation, secrete and stabilize new matrix components and induce resident cells to secrete matrix components themselves. Mϕ phagocytosis of apoptotic cells brings about a change from the cell-killing matrix-degrading cell to the matrix-generating cell-proliferating tissue-healing cell. Just as both Mϕ types are necessary at the inflamed site, the right balance of these two populations is required for healing and resolution. Evidence of excessive inflammation as a manifestation of impaired phagocytosis of apoptotic cells emphasizes that defects in the transition from one Mϕ type to another may account for the uncontrolled excessive inflammation seen in disease. Recent insights into the mechanisms by which apoptotic cells signal the change of function to the Mϕ offer the prospect of novel targets for manipulation of Mϕs in the inflamed tissue.

The Role of Average Health Status

2016 ◽  
pp. 884-899
Author(s):  
Jordan Panayotov
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Right ◽  
No Gold Standard ◽  
Average Health

Economic, social and environmental policies, programs and projects have impact on health. Health in All Policies (HiAP) aims to improve population health by taking into account these impacts. HiAP needs appropriate tools for assessing impacts on population health. When making choices between policy options, decision-makers rely on predictions from Health Impact Assessment. Currently there is no gold standard for establishing and assessing validity of predictions. This paper distinguishes between two levels of causal pathways regarding health impacts – specific and conditional, and proposes the Average Health Status – Health Inequalities Matrix as gold standard. The Matrix facilitates making the right choices at any level and local context, thus is useful for researchers, policy-makers and practitioners for designing, analysing and evaluating all kinds of policies. By allowing quick, reliable and inexpensive appraisal of different policy options the matrix makes feasible taking into account the impacts on population health and paves the way for institutionalizing of HiAP.

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