THE OXIDATION, IGNITION, AND DETONATION OF FUEL VAPORS AND GASES: XII. THE HIGH COMPRESSION RATIO OTTO CYCLE GAS ENGINE AND THE ADVERSE EFFECT OF HIGH JACKET TEMPERATURES ON THERMAL EFFICIENCY

1949 ◽  
Vol 27f (11) ◽  
pp. 435-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. O. King ◽  
Edwin J. Durand ◽  
J. Alex. Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Surface Combustion ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Otto Cycle ◽  
High Compression Ratio ◽  
Gas Engine

Town gas was used as the fuel for the C.F.R. engine during a series of engine trials run at a compression ratio of 10:1 and at jacket temperatures of 140°, 212°, 302°, and 351° F. The mixture strength at each jacket temperature was varied from the weakest to the richest on which the engine would run steadily. The object of the trials was (1) to determine the effect of jacket temperature on thermal efficiency and (2) to compare the performance of an Otto cycle engine run at 10:1 compression ratio with that of a compression ignition (Diesel) oil engine. The results of the trials show that thermal efficiency decreases as the jacket temperature is raised, that is, the decrease more than offsets the gain due to decrease of heat loss during combustion and expansion. It is indicated by the character of the results and by experiments described earlier that the observed loss of efficiency is due to flameless surface combustion of the fuel during compression. The performance of the C.F.R. engine running on town gas at 10:1 compression ratio as compared with that of a compression ignition oil engine running at 12:1 was superior in respect of maximum power (I.M.E.P.) developed and range of quality control and not greatly inferior in respect of thermal efficiency.

Effect of Ethanol-Air Equivalence Ratio on Performance of an Endoreversible Otto Engine

2011 ◽  
Vol 110-116 ◽  
pp. 273-277
Author(s):  
Rahim Ebrahim ◽  
Mahmoud Reza Tadayon ◽  
Farshad Tahmasebi Gandomkari ◽  
Kamyar Mahbobian
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Otto Cycle ◽  
World Community ◽  
Maximum Power Output ◽  
The World

Today, the world community is looking for fuel efficient and environmentally viable alternatives for many of the traditional energy conversion approaches. This development has further worked to increase the technical focus on conventional cycles for making them more optimum in terms of performance. Hence, the objective of this paper is to study the effect of ethanol-air equivalence ratio on the power output and the indicated thermal efficiency of an air standard Otto cycle. Optimization of the cycle has been performed for power output as well as for thermal efficiency with respect to compression ratio. The results show that the maximum power output, the optimal compression ratio corresponding to maximum power output point, the optimal compression ratio corresponding to maximum thermal efficiency point and the working range of the cycle first increase and then decrease as the equivalence ratio increases. The result obtained herein provides a guide to the performance evaluation and improvement for practical Otto engines.

Performance and Emission Analysis of Partially Premixed Charge Compression Ignition Combustion

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charu Vikram Srivatsa ◽  
Jonathan Mattson ◽  
Christopher Depcik
Keyword(s):  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Load Condition ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
High Compression Ratio ◽  
High Compression ◽  
Ci Engine ◽  
Partially Premixed ◽  
Load Conditions

In order to investigate the performance and emissions behavior of a high compression ratio compression ignition (CI) engine operating in partially premixed charge compression ignition (PPCI) mode, a series of experiments were conducted using a single-cylinder engine with a high-pressure rail fuel injection system. This included a moderately advanced direct injection strategy to attempt PPCI combustion under low load conditions by varying the injection timing between 25 deg and 35 deg before top dead center (BTDC) in steps of 2.5 deg. Furthermore, during experimentation the fuel injection pressure, engine speed, and engine torque were kept constant. Performance parameters and emissions were measured and analyzed using a zero-dimensional heat release model. Compared to the baseline conventional 12.5 deg BTDC injection, in-cylinder pressure and temperature were higher at advanced timings for all load conditions considered. Additionally, NOx, PM, CO, and total hydrocarbon (THC) were higher than conventional results at the 0.5 N·m load condition. While PM emissions were lower, and CO and THC emissions were comparable to conventional injection results at the 1.5 N·m load condition between 25 deg and 30 deg BTDC, NOx emissions were relatively high. Hence, there was limited success in beating the NOx-PM trade-off. Moreover, since the start of combustion (SOC) occurred BTDC, the resulting higher peak combustion pressures restricted the operating condition to lower loads. As a result, further investigation including exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and/or variance in fuel cetane number (CN) is required to achieve PPCI in a high compression ratio CI engine.

Experimental investigation of methanol compression ignition in a high compression ratio HD engine using a Box-Behnken design

Fuel ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 209 ◽  
pp. 624-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Shamun ◽  
Can Haşimoğlu ◽  
Ahmet Murcak ◽  
Öivind Andersson ◽  
Martin Tunér ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
High Compression Ratio ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
High Compression
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