THE NORTHERN FOWL MITE (LIPONYSSUS SYLVIARUM C. & F., 1877): INVESTIGATIONS AT MACDONALD COLLEGE, QUE., WITH A SUMMARY OF PREVIOUS WORK

1938 ◽  
Vol 16d (8) ◽  
pp. 230-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Artificial Feeding ◽  
Thermal Death ◽  
Northern Fowl Mite ◽  
Thermal Death Point ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Great Control

This paper gives a complete review of past work on the northern fowl mite. The generic name for the species is Liponyssus Kolenati, 1859. To show the geographical distribution of this mite, 20 bird and two mammalian hosts are given in systematic order. A seeming discrepancy in previous descriptions of the protonymph is figured and described. A description of the larva and of the males, resembling those of L. bursa, is given with figures. They were taken, with males of L. sylviarum, from fowls at Macdonald College, but all females taken from the birds are as described for L. sylviarum. Average duration of the egg stage is 30.4 hr. and of the larval stage 8.33 hr. at 100°–104° F. and 90–100% relative humidity. All attempts at artificial feeding failed. This mite does not aestivate and will not breed upon chicks. It multiplies rapidly, spreads readily from bird to bird, and survives long periods of starvation, but temperatures below 7° F. cause death in a short time, when away from the host. The high thermal death point lies between 104.2 and 108.5° F. The economic importance is uncertain but might be great. Control is cheaply and easily accomplished by the use of nicotine sulphate.

Observations on the Thermal Death Points of the Blow-fly at different relative Humidities

1928 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary V. F. Beattie
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Blow Fly ◽  
Dry Air ◽  
Optimum Point ◽  
Thermal Death ◽  
Thermal Death Point

In summarising, the following points are to be noted:—1. The thermal death point of the blow-fly was definitely influenced by the factor of humidity.2. Saturated and dry air had the effect of lowering the thermal death point.3. Relative humidities from 60 per cent. to 80 per cent. were more favourable, while relative humidity of 70 per cent. actually was found to be an optimum point.4. From the weighings it may be concluded that death in saturated air was due to the inability of the flies to regulate their heat by evaporation.

Thermal Death Point: I. Spores of Clostridium Tetani

1931 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 436-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Murray ◽  
M. R. Headlee
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Tetani ◽  
Thermal Death ◽  
Thermal Death Point

scholarly journals Biology of Anicla infecta (Ochsenheimer, 1816) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae), under laboratory conditions

2001 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 661-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. TESTON ◽  
A. SPECHT ◽  
E. CORSEUIL
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Adult Longevity ◽  
Environmental Chamber ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Larvae of Anicla infecta (Ochsenheimer, 1816) (Noctuidae) feed upon many grasses and may be harmful to cereals and fodder of economic importance. This study was developed aiming to contribute to knowledge of the biology of this species. The rearing was done in an environmental chamber with the following settings: temperature of 25 ± 1ºC; relative humidity of 70% <FONT FACE=Symbol>±</FONT> 10%, and photoperiod of L14: D10. The larvae fed on ryegrass, Lolium multiflorum Lam. The results express the mean and standard error for the length of every stage in days. For each stage we observed the following time of development: egg 3.2 <FONT FACE=Symbol>±</FONT> 0.09; larvae 18.7 <FONT FACE=Symbol>±</FONT> 0.07; pre-pupae 3.3 <FONT FACE=Symbol>±</FONT> 0.04; pupae 12.6 <FONT FACE=Symbol>±</FONT> 0.14; and adult longevity was 12.1 <FONT FACE=Symbol>±</FONT> 1.03. Also the pre-egg-laying period was 4.4 <FONT FACE=Symbol>±</FONT> 0.59; the egg-laying period was 8.1 <FONT FACE=Symbol>±</FONT> 0.84; and the post-egg-laying period was 0.3 <FONT FACE=Symbol>±</FONT> 0.14. The mean number of egg-laying cycles per female was 6.7 <FONT FACE=Symbol>±</FONT> 0.73; that of eggs per cycle was 77.5 <FONT FACE=Symbol>±</FONT> 4.37; and total eggs per female was 521.4 <FONT FACE=Symbol>±</FONT> 47.36.

THE CROSS-VENTILATED TUNNEL SMOKEHOUSE

1946 ◽  
Vol 24f (1) ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
E. P. Linton ◽  
A. L. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Steam Consumption ◽  
The Cross ◽  
One Year ◽  
Short Time

A tunnel smokehouse with an output of 3000 lb. of smoked fillets per nine hour day has been in operation about one year. The temperature, relative humidity, and smoke velocity are controlled at optimum values independent of climatic conditions. Hence the colour and shrinkage of the product may be standardized and losses from cooking and dropping of the fish avoided. The relatively short time of smoking of two to three hours reduces spoilage of the fish to a minimum with resulting improvement in quality. Power and steam consumption have been kept as low as feasible.

A compact device for loading diamond anvil cells with low-boiling pressure-transmitting media

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 267-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris A. Zakharov ◽  
Andrey F. Achkasov
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Simple Design ◽  
Diamond Anvil Cells ◽  
Cooling Agent ◽  
Diamond Anvil ◽  
Laboratory Device ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Environmental Temperatures

A new compact laboratory device for loading diamond anvil cells with low-boiling pressure-transmitting media is described. This device allows, in particular, the easy loading of diamond anvil cells with pentane–isopentane (1:1) mixture at environmental temperatures up to 303 K and relative humidity at least up to 75–80%. The relatively simple design, the easy availability of materials used for the device and the application of liquid nitrogen as cooling agent allow the manufacture of such a device in a short time at almost any laboratory.

scholarly journals Developmental stages of a mottled emigrant butterfly, catopsilia pyranthe

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
MH Arju ◽  
MA Bashar ◽  
G Moula
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Laboratory Condition ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Cycle Duration ◽  
Life Cycle Duration

The overall life cycle, duration and survival rate of different developmental stages (egg, larva and pupa) of Catopsilia pyranthe conducted at 27 ± 3°C and RH 75% ± 2. showed that within 6.4 days 68% eggs hatched. The average duration from egg to adult, larval stage and pupal were 23.87, 10.93 and 6.8 days, respectively. Fifty six out of 68 larvae successfully completed their whole 5 instars. There were positive correlation among the larval instars, amount of food consumption and excretion of faeces. About 52% pupa were emerged as adult at laboratory condition. Key words: Life cycle; Catopsilia pyranthe; Developmental stages; Rearing DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v19i2.8961 DUJBS 2010; 19(2): 171-179

BACTERIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE EVALUATION OF ADEQUACY OF PASTEURIZATION

1951 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 170-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franklin W. Barber
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Test Organism ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Heat Resistant ◽  
Death Time ◽  
High Temperature Short Time ◽  
Thermal Death ◽  
Thermal Death Time ◽  
Short Time

Increased interest in high-temperature, short-time pasteurization of various dairy products has emphasized the need for methods to determine the adequacy of pasteurization. One such method is described, but there is need for additional information. The thermal death time curves of various pathogens should be determined in different dairy products. A suitable heat resistant test organism such as Micrococcus MS-102 should be selected, approved by health officials and made available to others for controlled studies. Data should be accumulated so that curves could be prepared to show any combination of time and temperature which would result in adequate pasteurization.

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