TETRAPHENYLCYCLOPENTADIENONE IN THE DIENE SYNTHESIS

1934 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. H. Allen ◽  
L. J. Sheps
Keyword(s):  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Diene Synthesis ◽  
Secondary Reactions

In continuation of the authors' earlier work on substances having a carbonyl bridge, it has been found that tetraphenylcyclopentadienone can be used as one of the components in the diene synthesis. Products are described resulting from the addition of maleic anhydride, maleic, fumaric, and acetylene dicarboxylic esters, and benzoyl phenylacetylene. In some instances the primary addition products containing a carbonyl bridge could be isolated. Tetraphenylbenzene derivatives result from secondary reactions. Benzalacetophenone, dibenzoyl-ethylene and diphenylketene did not add to tetraphenylcyclopentadienone.In the previously described reaction between maleic anhydride and anhydroacetonebenzil, certain intermediates have been isolated, confirming the mechanism suggested to account for the formation of a dianhydride.

Modification of Rubber by Reaction with Maleic Anhydride

1958 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 664-666
Author(s):  
Jean LeBras ◽  
Christian Pinazzi ◽  
Gérard Milbert
Keyword(s):  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Chemical Derivatives ◽  
High Elasticity ◽  
Secondary Reactions ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Reaction In Solution ◽  
Injurious Effects

Abstract The reaction between maleic anhydride and rubber has been studied in solution, by milling and by heating in the solid phase. However, as is most often the case with chemical derivatives of the rubber hydrocarbon, the operating conditions that were employed only yielded products exhibiting considerable impairment to the physical properties characteristic of rubber (especially its high elasticity) as a result of secondary reactions of scission, cyclization and crosslinking. It has subsequently been shown that it is possible, under certain conditions, to minimize these injurious effects, both in the case of the reaction in solution between natural rubber and maleic N-methylimide and in that of the reaction by milling between synthetic olefinic elastomers and maleic anhydride. Inspired by these studies, we have undertaken to re-examine, on more precise chemical bases, the reaction between the rubber hydrocarbon and maleic anhydride.

2,3-DIPHENYLBUTADIENE-1,3

1939 ◽  
Vol 17b (2) ◽  
pp. 75-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. H. Allen ◽  
C. G. Eliot ◽  
A. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Hydrogen Bromide ◽  
Saturated Hydrocarbon ◽  
Addition Reactions ◽  
Diene Synthesis ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Dicarboxylic Ester

2,3-Diphenylbutadiene has been prepared and its behaviour in addition reactions investigated. It forms a 1,4-dibromide, a 1,4-monobromide by addition of one molecule of hydrogen bromide, is reducible to the saturated hydrocarbon, combines with oxides of nitrogen to form two isomeric dinitrobutenes, and couples with diazonium compounds. In the diene synthesis, products have been secured from maleic anhydride, acetylene dicarboxylic ester, quinone, and α-naphthoquinone. In so far as comparable reactions have been examined, 2,3-diphenylbutadiene resembles 2,3-dimethylbutadiene in the types of products formed by addition. Certain discrepancies recorded in the literature among related dibromides have been cleared up.

Reactions of macroions with ester and carboxylic groups of polymers

1987 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 2194-2203
Author(s):  
Miloslav Kučera ◽  
Dušan Kimmer ◽  
Karla Majerová ◽  
Josef Majer
Keyword(s):  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
Covalent Bond ◽  
The Other ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Carboxylic Groups ◽  
Poly Acrylic Acid

In the reaction of dianions with poly(methyl methacrylate), only an insignificant amount of insoluble crosslinked product is obtained. If, however, the concentration of grafting dianions approaches that of ester groups, the amount of poly(methyl methacrylate) which may thus be crosslinked becomes quite significant. Dications, too, can bring about crosslinking of only an insignificant number of poly(methyl methacrylate) chains. Carboxylic groups in poly(acrylic acid) react with dianions and dications in an anhydrous medium similarly to ester groups. On the other hand, in the presence of a cocatalytic amount of water dications are more readily bound to carboxylic groups, forming a covalent bond. The relatively highest efficiency was observed in the bond formation between dication and the poly[styrene-alt-(maleic anhydride)], both in an anhydrous medium and in the presence of H2O.

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