scholarly journals Exploiting intra-cultivar variation to select for Barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV (BYDV-PAV) resistance in barley

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 930-946
Author(s):  
H. Ben Ghanem ◽  
A. Najar ◽  
S. Udupa ◽  
S.G. Kumari ◽  
A. Amri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

Selection within elite barley cultivars is assumed to be ineffective due to the belief that inbred cultivars are highly homogeneous. The objective of the present work was to evaluate a selection procedure (Honeycomb design) applied within five barley cultivars (Manel, Rihane, Kounouz, Lemsi, and Imen) and two Tunisian landraces (Ardhaoui and Djebali) under ultra-low plant density (1.2 plants m−2) towards selecting high-performance lines with resistance to Barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV (BYDV-PAV). Lines selected through this process were further field-evaluated in hill plots under artificial BYDV-PAV inoculation and uninoculated control conditions during the 2016–2017 cropping season. Artificial inoculation in the field caused a severe reduction in agronomic performance traits, with yield loss reaching around 60%. However, two lines (IH16-H1 and IH4-L0) originating from cultivar Imen were significantly superior over the mother variety in the control field, showing at the same time minimum yield loss after BYDV-PAV inoculation not exceeding 10%, similar to the resistant check. Genotyping of the lines for the Ryd2 and Ryd3 resistance genes and assessment of visual symptoms in the field associated with reduction in yield revealed an additive effect of the genes conferring resistance to BYDV-PAV. However, there were lines with genotypic patterns that did not match the patterns of the source material, providing insights for exploitable intra-cultivar diversity within the barley cultivars and landraces assessed.

NORBERT BARLEY

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 1005-1007
Author(s):  
D. R. METCALFE ◽  
V. M. BENDELOW
Keyword(s):  
Stem Rust ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

Norbert is a two-rowed spring barley developed at the Agriculture Canada Research Station. Winnipeg, Manitoba from a cross involving C.I. 5791, Parkland, Betzes. Piroline, Akka, Centennial and Klages. It is resistant to stem rust and net blotch, and tolerant to barley yellow dwarf virus. It has excellent straw strength and a large plump kernel and is adapted to Manitoba and eastern Saskatchewan where it has a yield advantage over barley cultivars currently being grown in that region. Norbert has good malting and brewing properties.

scholarly journals Yield Losses Caused by Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus-PAV Infection in Wheat and Barley: A Three-Year Field Study in South-Eastern Australia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 645
Author(s):  
Narelle Nancarrow ◽  
Mohammad Aftab ◽  
Grant Hollaway ◽  
Brendan Rodoni ◽  
Piotr Trębicki
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) is transmitted by aphids and significantly reduces the yield and quality of cereals worldwide. Four experiments investigating the effects of barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV (BYDV-PAV) infection on either wheat or barley were conducted over three years (2015, 2017, and 2018) under typical field conditions in South-Eastern Australia. Plants inoculated with BYDV-PAV using viruliferous aphids (Rhopalosiphum padi) were harvested at maturity then grain yield and yield components were measured. Compared to the non-inoculated control, virus infection severely reduced grain yield by up to 84% (1358 kg/ha) in wheat and 64% (1456 kg/ha) in barley. The yield component most affected by virus infection was grain number, which accounted for a large proportion of the yield loss. There were no significant differences between early (seedling stage) and later (early-tillering stage) infection for any of the parameters measured (plant height, biomass, yield, grain number, 1000-grain weight or grain size) for either wheat or barley. Additionally, this study provides an estimated yield loss value, or impact factor, of 0.91% (72 kg/ha) for each one percent increase in natural BYDV-PAV background infection. Yield losses varied considerably between experiments, demonstrating the important role of cultivar and environmental factors in BYDV epidemiology and highlighting the importance of conducting these experiments under varying conditions for specific cultivar–vector–virus combinations.

A comparison of the occurrence of aphids and barley yellow dwarf virus in minimum-till and conventional-till autumn-sown cereals

2010 ◽  
Vol 148 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. F. KENNEDY ◽  
J. G. McDONALD ◽  
J. CONNERY ◽  
G. PURVIS
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Aphid Infestation ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Ct System ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

SUMMARYWinter barley was sown by conventional-tillage (CT) and minimum-tillage (MT) cultivation over three seasons. Each cultivation treatment was split so that straw was incorporated into the soil during cultivation in one split, while the other did not receive straw. Aphid occurrences in autumn and incidence of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) in spring were compared. Similar investigations on winter wheat were made over a further three seasons. The method of cultivation affected the number of aphids on barley and wheat plants in autumn and on wheat heads in summer; MT had fewest aphids. Soil incorporation of straw during cultivation had a similar effect. Method of cultivation affected the incidence of BYDV disease, with MT having least infection. Straw-treated cereal plots had fewer aphids and less BYDV than no-straw plots. Aphids and virus reached damaging levels only in the first barley crop. In this season, MT barley had significantly fewer aphids (48% fewer) and significantly less BYDV (71% less) than CT. Straw-treated plots within the CT system had rather similar aphid infestation and BYDV incidence as no-straw plots. Barley grown in the MT system with straw added had significantly fewer aphids (68%) than in the case when no straw was added. Overall, aphids in autumn were significantly fewer on MT relative to CT cereals in three of the six seasons and significantly fewer on straw relative to no-straw plots in two seasons. Aphids on wheat heads in summer were significantly fewer in MT relative to CT plots in one of the three seasons. Aphids on heads were also significantly fewer on straw-treated plots within each system of cultivation in two seasons, while MT wheat with straw had significantly fewer aphids/head than those without straw in one season. BYDV was lower each season in MT barley and wheat when compared with CT crops. These differences were significant for two of the three seasons in which each crop was grown. There was a lower incidence of virus in straw-treated plots than in no-straw plots. This effect was significant for one of the three seasons in which barley and wheat were grown. Plant and tiller density did not differ significantly between MT and CT barley either with or without straw incorporation. Plant density of wheat in autumn was significantly lower for straw-treated plots relative to no-straw plots in one season. Wheat head density was lower for MT relative to CT in one season, while MT with straw had significantly fewer heads than CT plots with straw in two seasons. BYDV significantly reduced grain yield only in 2001/02 when incidence of the disease was high. Grain yield in 2001/02 was 0·95 t/ha (16%) greater for MT barley, due to less BYDV, than for CT. Straw-treated CT barley outyielded no-straw plots by 0·45 t/ha, while the comparable value for the MT system was 0·3 t/ha. The combined effect of MT plus straw had a 1·24 t/ha (21%) yield advantage over CT without straw.It is concluded that MT cereals sown at the same time as CT crops in autumn have a lower risk of aphid infestation and BYDV infection than CT crops. The soil incorporation of straw further enhances the beneficial impact of MT in reducing aphids and virus.

Tolerance to Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus in Triticale

Crop Science ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Collin ◽  
A. Comeau ◽  
C.A. St-Pierre
Keyword(s):  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus
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