Oxidized lipids: not just another brick in the wall

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 473-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Stamenkovic ◽  
Grant N. Pierce ◽  
Amir Ravandi
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Oxidized Lipids ◽  
Chronic Alcohol ◽  
Oxidized Phospholipids ◽  
Chronic Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Cardiovascular Pathology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Oxidized Phosphatidylcholine ◽  
Clinical Biomarker ◽  
Radical Generation

Over the past decade, there has been intense investigation in trying to understand the pathological role that oxidized phospholipids play in cardiovascular disease. Phospholipids are targets for oxidation, particularly during conditions of excess free radical generation. Once oxidized, they acquire novel roles uncharacteristic of their precursors. Oxidized phosphatidylcholines have an important role in multiple physiological and pathophysiological conditions including atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative diseases, lung disease, inflammation, and chronic alcohol consumption. Circulating oxidized phosphatidylcholine may also serve as a clinical biomarker. The focus of this review, therefore, will be to summarize existing evidence that oxidized phosphatidylcholine molecules play an important role in cardiovascular pathology.

scholarly journals THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF CHRONIC HEART FAILURE IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS: RISK FACTORS AND STRUCTURE

2015 ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
O. P. Revtovich ◽  
O. V. Zotova ◽  
T. L. Denisevich ◽  
E. K. Kurlyanskaya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Past Medical History ◽  
Cardiovascular Pathology ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Republic

This article presents the data of the cross-epidemiological study of adult population of Minsk aimed at the determination of the prevalence of chronic heart failure (CHF). The prevalence of chronic heart failure in the studied population on December 1, 2012 was 13.2 %. The most important risk factors for chronic heart failure are age over 55, smoking, concomitant cardiovascular pathology in the past medical history, and the presence of cardiovascular disease in relatives. Coronary heart disease and hypertension are prevalent in the structure of CHF.

scholarly journals Diversity of Plant Sterols Metabolism: The Impact on Human Health, Sport, and Accumulation of Contaminating Sterols

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1623
Author(s):  
Arthur T. Kopylov ◽  
Kristina A. Malsagova ◽  
Alexander A. Stepanov ◽  
Anna L. Kaysheva
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Plant Sterols ◽  
Anabolic Effect ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Sport ◽  
The Impact

The way of plant sterols transformation and their benefits for humans is still a question under the massive continuing revision. In fact, there are no receptors for binding with sterols in mammalians. However, possible biotransformation to steroids that can be catalyzed by gastro-intestinal microflora, microbial cells in prebiotics or cytochromes system were repeatedly reported. Some products of sterols metabolization are capable to imitate resident human steroids and compete with them for the binding with corresponding receptors, thus affecting endocrine balance and entire physiology condition. There are also tremendous reports about the natural origination of mammalian steroid hormones in plants and corresponding receptors for their binding. Some investigations and reports warn about anabolic effect of sterols, however, there are many researchers who are reluctant to believe in and have strong opposing arguments. We encounter plant sterols everywhere: in food, in pharmacy, in cosmetics, but still know little about their diverse properties and, hence, their exact impact on our life. Most of our knowledge is limited to their cholesterol-lowering influence and protective effect against cardiovascular disease. However, the world of plant sterols is significantly wider if we consider the thousands of publications released over the past 10 years.

scholarly journals Peroxiredoxins as Potential Targets for Cardiovascular Disease

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1244
Author(s):  
Se-Jin Jeong ◽  
Jong-Gil Park ◽  
Goo Taeg Oh
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Toxic Substance ◽  
Regulatory Proteins ◽  
The Past ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidases ◽  
Intracellular Signals ◽  
Common Etiology ◽  
Cardiovascular Cells

Increased oxidative stress (OS) is considered a common etiology in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, the precise regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cardiovascular cells is essential to maintain normal physiological functions. Numerous regulators of cellular homeostasis are reportedly influenced by ROS. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as an endogenous ROS in aerobic cells, is a toxic substance that can induce OS. However, many studies conducted over the past two decades have provided substantial evidence that H2O2 acts as a diffusible intracellular signaling messenger. Antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutases, catalase, glutathione peroxidases, and peroxiredoxins (Prdxs), maintain the balance of ROS levels against augmentation of ROS production during the pathogenesis of CVD. Especially, Prdxs are regulatory sensors of transduced intracellular signals. The intracellular abundance of Prdxs that specifically react with H2O2 act as regulatory proteins. In this review, we focus on the role of Prdxs in the regulation of ROS-induced pathological changes in the development of CVD.

scholarly journals Chronic Alcohol Consumption Leads to a Tissue Specific Expression of Uncoupling Protein-2

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 995-999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan A. Graw ◽  
Clarissa von Haefen ◽  
Deniz Poyraz ◽  
Nadine Möbius ◽  
Marco Sifringer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Uncoupling Protein 2 ◽  
Chronic Alcohol ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Chronic Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Tissue Specific Expression

Abstract P183: 20-year Secular Trend of Cardiovascular Disease Comorbidities in the United States, 1997-2016

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dianjianyi Sun ◽  
Tao Zhou ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Yoriko Heianza ◽  
Xiaoyun Shang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Secular Trend ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Us ◽  
Metabolic Conditions ◽  
Respiratory Conditions ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Chronic Comorbidities

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been the number one cause of death and disability in the US and globally for decades, and its comorbidity complicates the management of CVD. However, little is known about the secular trend of CVD comorbidities in national representative populations in the last 20 years. Methods: Prevalence of CVD and nine major chronic comorbidities was estimated using data from 1,324,214 adults aged 18 years and older in the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) from 1997 through 2016, with age-standardized to the U.S. population in the year 2000. Results: CVD prevalence in the US adult population significantly declined in the past twenty years (from 6.6% in 1997 to 5.9% in 2016, P trend <0.01in Figure a). And such trend was shown in women and whites (P trend <0.01), but not in men and blacks (P trend >0.05). We ranked the nine major chronic comorbidities (high to low) in the CVD patients (Figure b.), including (1) hypertension, (2) respiratory conditions, (3) nervous system conditions, (4) digestive conditions, (5) diabetes, (6) cancer, (7) genitourinary conditions, (8) circulatory conditions, and (9) endocrine/nutritional/metabolic conditions. From 1997 to 2016, the prevalence of CVD comorbidities including hypertension (38.8% to 50.2%), digestive conditions (17.0% to 27.1%), diabetes (10.0% to 19.2%), cancer (9.4% to 12.8%), and genitourinary conditions (4.1% to 5.2%) continuingly increased (all P trend <0.01), while respiratory conditions declined (35.9% to 27.6%, P trend <0.01). Similar trends of CVD comorbidities were observed among subgroups stratified by gender or by race. Conclusions: CVD prevalence in the U.S. adults have declined significantly in the past two decades, but rates of CVD comorbidities including hypertension, digestive conditions, diabetes, cancer, and genitourinary conditions increased substantially.

Decreased Hepatotoxicity of Dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) Following Chronic Alcohol Consumption

1980 ◽  
pp. 237-243
Author(s):  
J. Gellert ◽  
F. Moreno ◽  
M. Haydn ◽  
H. Oldiges ◽  
H. Frenzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Chronic Alcohol ◽  
Chronic Alcohol Consumption
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