Microbial bioproducts from cheese whey through fermentation with wastewater sludge Clostridium isolates

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 431-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua T. Ellis ◽  
Ronald C. Sims ◽  
Charles D. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Cheese Whey ◽  
Batch Cultivation ◽  
Wastewater Sludge ◽  
Ethanol Acetic Acid ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Rrna Sequencing

We demonstrated the production of hydrogen, ethanol, and a variety of acids by several Clostridium species using cheese whey as substrate. These species were isolated from the anaerobic sediments of a municipal wastewater stabilization pond. Eight isolates were obtained and all were classified taxonomically as Clostridium spp. based on 16S rRNA sequencing. Sludge isolates showed maximum bioproduct production yields and productivities after approximately 24 h of batch cultivation with 6% (m/v) cheese whey. Fermentation byproducts measured included hydrogen, ethanol, acetic acid, butyric acid, and lactic acid. The maximum yields of bioproducts were 0.59 mol H2/mol lactose, 0.071 g ethanol/g, 0.204 g acetic acid/g, 0.218 g butyric acid/g, and 0.144 g lactic acid/g. The production of these high value biofuels and biofuel intermediates from cheese whey could have significant implications for conversion of waste to high value bioproducts to enhance domestic energy economies.

THE ANAEROBIC DISSIMILATION OF D-GLUCOSE-1-C14, D-ARABINOSE-1-C14, AND L-ARABINOSE-1-C14 BY AEROBACTER AEROGENES

1954 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Neish ◽  
F. J. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Carboxyl Groups ◽  
Methyl Groups ◽  
Carboxyl Group ◽  
Complete Conversion ◽  
Aerobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Methyl Group ◽  
Ethanol Acetic Acid

D-Glucose-1-C14, D-arabinose-1-C14, and L-arabinose-1-C14 were dissimilated anaerobically by Aerobacter aerogenes. The major products (2,3-butanediol, ethanol, acetic acid, lactic acid, formic acid, and carbon dioxide) were isolated and the location of C14 determined. The products from glucose were all labeled, mainly in the methyl groups, in agreement with the hypothesis that they were derived from methyl-labeled pyruvate formed by the reactions of the classical Embden–Meyerhof scheme for glycolysis. The products from both pentoses appeared to have been formed from pyruvate labeled in both the methyl and carboxyl groups with twice as much C14 in the methyl group as in the carboxyl group. This result may be explained quantitatively by a hypothesis assuming complete conversion of pentose to triose via a heptulose.

scholarly journals Impact of preoperative fecal short chain fatty acids on postoperative infectious complications in esophageal cancer patients

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaaki Motoori ◽  
Koji Tanaka ◽  
Keijiro Sugimura ◽  
Hiroshi Miyata ◽  
Takuro Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Bacterial Translocation ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
The Body ◽  
Intestinal Environment

Abstract Background: The intestinal epithelial barrier allows absorption of dietary nutrients and prevents passage of pathogens and toxins into the body. Severe insults have a negative impact on the intestinal environment, which may decrease intestinal barrier function and cause bacterial translocation. Bacterial translocation, which can cause infectious complications, is the passage of microbes from the gastrointestinal tract across the mucosal barrier to extraintestinal sites. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between concentrations of preoperative fecal organic acids and the occurrence of postoperative infectious complications in patients with esophageal cancer. Methods: Fifty-five patients with esophageal cancer who underwent esophagectomy were enrolled in this study. All patients were administered perioperative synbiotics. Perioperative clinical characteristics and concentrations of preoperative fecal organic acids were compared between patients with or without postoperative infectious complications. Results: Postoperative infectious complications occurred in 10 patients. In patients with complications, the concentrations of acetic acid and propionic acid were significantly lower than in patients without complications (p=0.044 and 0.032, respectively). The concentration of butyric acid was nonsignificantly lower, while the concentration of lactic acid was nonsignificantly higher in patients with complications. The calculated gap between the concentrations of fecal acetic acid plus propionic acid plus butyric acid minus lactic acid was significantly lower in patients with complications. Multivariate analysis revealed that a low gap between acetic acid plus propionic acid plus butyric acid minus lactic acid was an independent risk factor for postoperative infectious complications (p=0.027). Conclusions : Preoperative fecal concentrations of organic acids had a clinically important impact on the occurrence of postoperative infectious complications in patients with esophageal cancer. To reduce postoperative infectious complications, it may be useful to modulate the intestinal environment and maintain concentrations of fecal organic acids before surgery.

scholarly journals Impact of preoperative fecal short chain fatty acids on postoperative infectious complications in esophageal cancer patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaaki Motoori ◽  
Koji Tanaka ◽  
Keijiro Sugimura ◽  
Hiroshi Miyata ◽  
Takuro Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Bacterial Translocation ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
The Body ◽  
Intestinal Environment

Abstract Background: The intestinal epithelial barrier allows absorption of dietary nutrients and prevents passage of pathogens and toxins into the body. Severe insults have a negative impact on the intestinal environment, which may decrease intestinal barrier function and cause bacterial translocation. Bacterial translocation, which can cause infectious complications, is defined as the passage of microbes from the gastrointestinal tract across the mucosal barrier to extraintestinal sites. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between concentrations of preoperative fecal organic acids and the occurrence of postoperative infectious complications in patients with esophageal cancer. Methods: Fifty-five patients with esophageal cancer who underwent esophagectomy were enrolled in this study. Perioperative synbiotics were administered to all patients. Perioperative clinical characteristics and concentrations of preoperative fecal organic acids were compared between patients with and without postoperative infectious complications. Results: Postoperative infectious complications occurred in 10 patients. In patients with complications, the concentrations of acetic acid and propionic acid were significantly lower than in patients without complications (p=0.044 and 0.032, respectively). The concentration of butyric acid was nonsignificantly lower in patients with complications, while the concentration of lactic acid was nonsignificantly higher. The calculated gap between the concentrations of fecal acetic acid plus propionic acid plus butyric acid minus lactic acid was significantly lower in patients with complications. Multivariate analysis revealed that a low gap between acetic acid plus propionic acid plus butyric acid minus lactic acid was an independent risk factor for postoperative infectious complications (p=0.027). Conclusions : Preoperative fecal concentrations of organic acids had a clinically important impact on the occurrence of postoperative infectious complications in patients with esophageal cancer. To reduce postoperative infectious complications, it may be useful to modulate the intestinal environment and maintain concentrations of fecal organic acids before surgery.

THE ANAEROBIC DISSIMILATION OF D-GLUCOSE-1-C14, D-ARABINOSE-1-C14, AND L-ARABINOSE-1-C14 BY AEROBACTER AEROGENES

1954 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Neish ◽  
F. J. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Carboxyl Groups ◽  
Methyl Groups ◽  
Carboxyl Group ◽  
Complete Conversion ◽  
Aerobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Methyl Group ◽  
Ethanol Acetic Acid

D-Glucose-1-C14, D-arabinose-1-C14, and L-arabinose-1-C14 were dissimilated anaerobically by Aerobacter aerogenes. The major products (2,3-butanediol, ethanol, acetic acid, lactic acid, formic acid, and carbon dioxide) were isolated and the location of C14 determined. The products from glucose were all labeled, mainly in the methyl groups, in agreement with the hypothesis that they were derived from methyl-labeled pyruvate formed by the reactions of the classical Embden–Meyerhof scheme for glycolysis. The products from both pentoses appeared to have been formed from pyruvate labeled in both the methyl and carboxyl groups with twice as much C14 in the methyl group as in the carboxyl group. This result may be explained quantitatively by a hypothesis assuming complete conversion of pentose to triose via a heptulose.

scholarly journals Chemical and bromatological characteristics of elephant grass silages with the addition of dried cashew stalk

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margareth Maria Teles Rêgo ◽  
José Neuman Miranda Neiva ◽  
Aníbal Coutinho do Rêgo ◽  
Magno José Duarte Cândido ◽  
Maria Socorro de Souza Carneiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Total N

The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritive value of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum.) silages with the addition of 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16% dried cashew stalk (Anacardium occidentale L.) - DCS, based on the fresh matter. A randomized complete design with four replications was used. Twenty 210 L plastic drums were used as experimental silos. The levels were determined of the dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), hemicellulose, ether extract (EE), total carbohydrates (TC), non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC), neutral detergent insoluble nitrogen (NDIN,% total N), acid detergent insoluble nitrogen (ADIN, % total N), pH values, ammonia nitrogen (in percentage of the total nitrogen, N-NH3, % total N), lactic acid, acetic acid, butyric acid and propionic acid. Adding DCS resulted in higher values of DM, CP, EE, NFC, NDIN (% total N), ADIN (% total N), pH, lactic acid and propionic acid. On the other hand, with increasing DCS levels, a linear decline was observed in values of NDF, ADF, hemicellulose, ammonia nitrogen (% total N) and butyric acid. DCS did not show effect on the TC and acetic acid in the silages. As a result, up to 16% dehydrated cashew stalk may be added to elephant-grass silages, based on the fresh matter, to increase CP and NFC levels and decrease NDF and ADF and improve the fermentation patterns. It should be taken into account that higher NDIN and ADIN values may interfere in nitrogen availability and therefore in further DM intake.

Fermentation profile and nutritional quality of silages composed of cactus pear and maniçoba for goat feeding

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (4) ◽  
pp. 304-312
Author(s):  
A. G. S. Matias ◽  
G. G. L. Araujo ◽  
F. S. Campos ◽  
S. A. Moraes ◽  
G. C. Gois ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Cactus Pear ◽  
Fermentation Profile

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the fermentation profile and nutritional quality of silages composed of cactus pear and maniçoba. Two experiments were performed: the first evaluated the fermentation characteristics, chemical composition and determined the organic acids in cactus pear silages with the inclusion of five levels of maniçoba (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) in six opening times (1, 7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days). The second experiment determined the nutrient intake, digestibility, water balance and nitrogen balance in Canindé goats fed diets based on cactus pear silage with the inclusion of four levels of maniçoba (25, 50, 75 and 100%), with six animals per treatment. The increase in maniçoba levels in cactus pear silage provided a linear increase in the butyric acid, dry matter (DM), ether extract, crude protein, neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre, lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, water intake via drinking fountain and metabolic water, and reduced the pH, lactic acid, acetic acid, mineral matter, total carbohydrates, non-fibrous carbohydrates, water intake via food, total water intake, water excreted in the faeces, water excreted in the urine, total water excretion and water balance. Quadratic behaviour was observed for N-NH3, DM recovery and propionic acid, with an increase in maniçoba levels in cactus pear silages. Regarding the different opening times, there was a significant effect in pH, N-NH3, acetic acid, lactic acid and butyric acid (P < 0.050). The inclusion of maniçoba in cactus pear silage improved the fermentation characteristics and nutritional quality to be used in diets for goats.

Effect of acidification of sheep's cheese whey with organic acids on the retention of protein and on the quality of Myzithra cheese

1988 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophoros Pappas ◽  
Leandros Voutsinas
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Cheese Whey ◽  
Protein Retention

SummaryWhen 10% citric, lactic or acetic acid was added to sheep's milk cheese whey during its heating for Myzithra cheese preparation, protein retention in the cheese was increased. Acidification of whey to pH 5·2 with lactic acid before heating followed by readjustment to pH 5·8 with NaOH was considered to be the best treatment for practical use, increasing whey protein retention in the cheese and yield without loss of flavour, aroma or texture.

scholarly journals Impact of preoperative fecal short chain fatty acids on postoperative infectious complications in esophageal cancer patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaaki Motoori ◽  
Koji Tanaka ◽  
Keijiro Sugimura ◽  
Hiroshi Miyata ◽  
Takuro Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Bacterial Translocation ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
The Body ◽  
Intestinal Environment

Abstract Background: The intestinal epithelial barrier allows absorption of dietary nutrients and prevents passage of pathogens and toxins into the body. Severe insults have a negative impact on the intestinal environment, which may decrease intestinal barrier function and cause bacterial translocation. Bacterial translocation, which can cause infectious complications, is defined as the passage of microbes from the gastrointestinal tract across the mucosal barrier to extraintestinal sites. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between concentrations of preoperative fecal organic acids and the occurrence of postoperative infectious complications in patients with esophageal cancer. Methods: Fifty-five patients with esophageal cancer who underwent esophagectomy were enrolled in this study. Perioperative synbiotics were administered to all patients. Perioperative clinical characteristics and concentrations of preoperative fecal organic acids were compared between patients with and without postoperative infectious complications. Results: Postoperative infectious complications occurred in 10 patients. In patients with complications, the concentrations of acetic acid and propionic acid were significantly lower than in patients without complications (p=0.044 and 0.032, respectively). The concentration of butyric acid was nonsignificantly lower in patients with complications, while the concentration of lactic acid was nonsignificantly higher. The calculated gap between the concentrations of fecal acetic acid plus propionic acid plus butyric acid minus lactic acid was significantly lower in patients with complications. Multivariate analysis revealed that a low gap between acetic acid plus propionic acid plus butyric acid minus lactic acid was an independent risk factor for postoperative infectious complications (p=0.027). Conclusions : Preoperative fecal concentrations of organic acids had a clinically important impact on the occurrence of postoperative infectious complications in patients with esophageal cancer. To reduce postoperative infectious complications, it may be useful to modulate the intestinal environment and maintain concentrations of fecal organic acids before surgery.

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