Effects of dietary silicate levels on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fecal microflora, odorous gas emissions, blood characteristics, and foot and mouth disease antibodies in weaning to finishing pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 640-649
Author(s):  
Ji Hwan Lee ◽  
Won Yun ◽  
Han Jin Oh ◽  
Ji Seon An ◽  
Young Gwang Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Foot And Mouth

The goal of this study was to investigate effects of different levels of silicate supplementation in weaning to finishing pigs. A total of 96 piglets [(Landrace × Yorkshire) × Duroc] with initial body weight of 11.30 ± 0.02 kg were used for 16 wk (six replicate pens with four pigs per pen). Dietary treatment consisted of 0% (CON), 0.1% (T1), 0.5% (T2), and 1.0% (T3) silicate in the basal diet. Inclusion of 0.1% dietary silicate increased (P < 0.05) body weight, average daily gain, and gain-to-feed ratio in 0–16 wk. In addition, inclusion of 0.1% dietary silicate increased (P < 0.05) crude protein digestibility in 8 and 16 wk, whereas it decreased (P < 0.05) Escherichia coli count and ammonia emissions throughout the study period. Additionally, inclusion of dietary silicate increased (linear, P < 0.05) white blood cell in 4 wk, whereas it increased (quadratic, P < 0.05) white blood cell counts in 8 and 16 wk. Blood urea nitrogen decreased (quadratic, P < 0.05), and lymphocyte and foot and mouth antibodies increased (quadratic, P < 0.05) when silicate level increased. In conclusion, supplementation of 0.1% silicate in the diet showed positive effects in weaning to finishing pigs.

Effect of Yeast Type and Dose on Growth Performance and Nutrient Digestibility of Growing Rabbits Fed Maize or Barley

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amr M.A. Elmasry ◽  
Luis A. Miranda ◽  
Germán Mendoza ◽  
Fernando X. Plata
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Yeast Concentration

Background: The effects of the probiotics vary with the doses and strains used for this reason, a study was conducted over 35 days to determine the effect of live yeast supplementation in the diet of growing rabbits on growth performance and apparent nutrient digestibility.Methods: A total of 60 New Zealand and California rabbits (5 weeks old, average body weight 0.881±0.015 kg) were housed in 30 cages. They were fed with a control diet based on alfalfa and maize or barley grains and supplemented with Procreatin®7 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I 1077) or Biosaf® SC47 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae NCYC Sc47) at three doses, namely 0, 6.4, or 12.8 ×109 CFU per kg basal diet.Result: The higher yeast concentration had a positive effect (P less than 0.01) on final body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG) and carcass weight (CW). However, there were no significant differences in dry matter intake. As a result of this, the feed conversion ratio (FCR) decreased (P less than 0.01). Significant increases (P less than 0.05) in nutrient digestibility (DM, OM, NDF and ADF) were observed with both grains. The use of yeast in maize and barley-based diets of rabbits has positive effects on growth performance and nutrient digestibility.

scholarly journals Impact of rare earth element-enriched yeast on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profile, and fecal microflora in finishing pigs

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Cai ◽  
C.M. Nyachoti ◽  
I.H. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Rare Earth Element ◽  
Blood Lymphocyte ◽  
Earth Element ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Blood Profile

This study was conducted to evaluate effects of rare earth element-enriched yeast (RY) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profile, and fecal microbial flora in finishing pigs. A total of 100 finishing pigs [(Landrace × Yorkshire) × Duroc] were used in a two-phase feeding trial. Pigs were randomly assigned to five treatments according to their initial body weight (five pens per treatment, two gilts and two barrows per pen). Treatments were basal diets, free of antibiotics [negative control (NC)]; NC + 500, 1000, and 1500 mg kg−1, respectively, of RY; antibiotics diets, NC + 500 mg kg−1 of tiamulin [positive control (PC)]. Overall, average daily gain (ADG) and gain to feed ratio (G:F) increased linearly with increasing level of RY in diets. At the end of the experiment, blood lymphocyte concentration and apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter and gross energy increased linearly in pigs fed the increasing level of RY in diets. The better ADG, G:F, and fecal Lactobacillus counts were observed in both RY and PC groups compared with the NC group. In conclusion, diets with RY improved growth performance, digestibility, blood lymphocyte counts, and fecal Lactobacillus counts in finishing pigs, and RY may be considered as an alternative to antibiotics.

scholarly journals Dietary inclusion of mineral detoxified nano-sulfur dispersion on growth performance, fecal score, fecal microbial, gas emission, blood profile, nutrient digestibility and meat quality in finishing pigs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thamaraikannan Mohankumar ◽  
In Sun Park ◽  
In Ho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Fecal Score

This study is to evaluate the effects of mineral Detoxified nano-Sulfur Dispersion (DSD) on growth performance, fecal score, fecal microbial, gas emissions, blood profile, nutrient digestibility and meat quality in finishing pigs. A total of 160 pigs with an initial body weight of 54.90 ± 5.10 kg were randomly assigned to 2 treatments include basal diet and basal diet with 10ppm DSD. During 10 week trial there were no differences in body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and gain to feed ratio (G:F) between the control and DSD groups. Also, the fecal score, fecal microbiota, gas emission was not affected by DSD diet. Dietary inclusion of DSD tended to increase water holding capacity and decrease cooking loss and drip loss. At week 5, serum concentrations of glucose, calcium, total cholesterol, high-density level were increased, and triglyceride concentration was reduced in pigs fed with DSD than control diets. In summary, the inclusion of dietary DSD in the finishing pig diet has improved serum Ca, glucose concentrations and lipid profiles as well as it improves some meat quality traits.

scholarly journals Influences of Enzyme Blend Supplementation on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Fecal Microbiota and Meat-Quality in Grower-Finisher Pigs

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian ◽  
Jae Hong Park ◽  
Sureshkumar Shanmugam ◽  
In Ho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Positive Effects

The study was aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary inclusion of an enzyme blend on growth performance, apparent total track digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter (DM), nitrogen (N), gross energy (GE), fecal microbial population, noxious gas emissions and meat quality of pigs fed corn–soybean meal-based diets for a 16-week feeding trial. A total of 180 growing pigs (body weight of 23.3 ± 2.51 kg) were used and randomly allotted to one of three dietary treatments (positive control (PC, basal diet); negative control (NC, −150 kcal/kg of PC); A1 (NC + 1% enzyme blend)). Overall, dietary inclusion of the enzyme blend increased (p < 0.05) body weight, average daily gain and gain:feed ratio without effecting average daily feed intake. An increase was observed in ATTD of DM (p = 0.027) and GE (p = 0.026) at week 16 and 6, respectively. Dietary inclusion of the enzyme blend increased the beneficial effects on fecal microbiota counts such as Lactobacillus with a reduced presence of E. coli during the entire experiment (p < 0.05). Further, positive effects (p < 0.05) were observed on back-fat thickness and carcass weight of pigs, along with the results of reduced levels of NH3 emissions (p = 0.032) at week 16. Thus, the study suggested that the dietary enzyme blend supplement had improving effects on growth performance, ATTD of nutrients, fecal microbial counts and meat quality in pigs.

Effect of lecithin with or without chitooligosaccharide on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood metabolites and pork quality of finishing pigs

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won-Tae Kim ◽  
Prashant Shinde ◽  
Byung Jo Chae
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Pork Quality ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Initial Body Weight

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary lecithin with or without chitooligosaccharide (COS) on the performance, blood metabolites, pork cholesterol, fatty acid composition and quality of finishing pigs. In exp. 1, 36 pigs (Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc, 84.5 ± 0.60 kg initial body weight) were fed lecithin at 0, 2.5 or 5.0% of the diet. Lecithin improved average daily gain (16%) and feed conversion ratio, and did not affect apparent nutrient digestibility. On day 28, lecithin decreased serum total and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (34 and 77%, P = 0.016), and increased serum triglyceride (P = 0.048). Lecithin did not affect carcass characteristics and pork quality, but increased myristic and α-linolenic acid and reduced palmitoleic acid in pork. Experiment 2 involved 108 pigs (85.0 ± 0.76 kg initial body weight) in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments, wherein two levels of lecithin (low, 2.5 and high, 5.0%) and COS (0.0 and 0.1%) were used. Addition of COS in diets containing lecithin reduced pork cholesterol (16.4%) and oleic acid (28.3%), and did not affect performance, nutrient digestibility, blood metabolites and pork quality. In conclusion, these results suggest that lecithin improved the growth performance of finishing pigs and inclusion of COS reduced the amount of cholesterol in pork. Key words: Lecithin, COS, performance, nutrient digestibility, pork quality

scholarly journals PSVI-5 Effect of apple and anise flavour supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profiles and carcass quality in growing-finishing pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 197-198
Author(s):  
Woo Jung Seok ◽  
Yong Min Kim ◽  
Je min Ahn ◽  
Xiao Liu ◽  
Xiang Ao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Treatment Table ◽  
Blood Profiles

Abstract The present study was undertaken to determine the effects of different flavours (apple and anise) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profiles and carcass quality in growing-finishing pigs. A total of 96 pigs [(Landrace × Yorkshire) × Duroc] with an average initial BW of 28.2 ± 0.7 kg were assigned to 1 of 3 dietary treatments. The treatments consisted of (1) CON, basal diet; (2) APF, basal diet + 0.05% apple flavour; (3) ANF, basal diet + 0.05% anise flavour. There were 8 replications (pens) per treatment and 4 pigs per pen (2 barrows and 2 gilts). The flavour was added at the expense of corn (0.05%). The experiment lasted for 15 wks. The data were analyzed by ANOVA using the GLM procedure of SAS (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA) with the pen as the experimental unit. Variability in the data was expressed as the standard error of means (SEM) and a probability level of p &lt; 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. During week 0-5, pigs fed ANF diets had greater (p &lt; 0.05) ADG and ADFI than those fed CON and APF diets. Dietary ANF treatment increased (p &lt; 0.05) ADG during 0-15 week compared with CON treatment (Table 1). At the end of 5 week, the apparent total tract digestibility of nitrogen in ANF treatment was improved (p &lt; 0.05) compared with that in CON treatment (Table 1). There were no differences (p &gt; 0.05) in the red blood cell and white blood cell counts or lymphocyte percentage among treatments. In conclusion, anise flavour supplementation could lead to significant improvement in ADG and N digestibility in growing pigs and the ADG was also higher in finishing pigs fed anise flavour supplemented diet. Furthermore, apple flavour supplementation had minor effect on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profiles or carcass quality in finishing pigs.

Evaluation of feeding periods of dietary conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profiles, and meat quality in finishing pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 624-630
Author(s):  
X. Ao ◽  
H.N. Tran ◽  
I.H. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Dietary Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Blood Profiles

This study was conducted to evaluate feeding periods of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profiles, and meat quality in finishing pigs. A total of 150 finishing pigs [(Yorkshire × Landrace) × Duroc] with an average body weight (BW) of 83.13 ± 1.91 kg were randomly allocated into one of three treatments (10 pens per treatment, five pigs per pen) based on their BW. Dietary treatments consisted of supplementing the basal diet with 1.0% CLA during 2, 3, and 4 wk prior to finishing. Pigs fed CLA diets 2 wk before finishing had a higher overall average daily gain (ADG) and gain-to-feed ratio (G/F) than those fed CLA diets 4 wk before finishing (P < 0.05). In the whole experiment, pigs fed CLA diets 2 wk before finishing had a higher serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) than those fed CLA diets 3 and 4 wk before finishing. However, pigs that received CLA diets 4 wk before finishing had higher triglyceride levels (P < 0.05). Feeding 1% CLA diets 4 wk before finishing improved meat color and firmness. Taken together, feeding 1% CLA diet 4 wk before finishing increased ADG, G/F, and serum LDL, but reduced serum triglyceride.

Influence of low-protein diets and protease and bromelain supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood urine nitrogen, creatinine, and faecal noxious gas in growing–finishing pigs

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 488-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.H. Nguyen ◽  
S.I. Lee ◽  
J.Y. Cheong ◽  
I.H. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Protein Diets

A total of 180 crossbred pigs [(Landrace × Yorkshire) × Duroc] with an average body weight of 22.61 ± 1.23 kg were used in an 18 wk study to determine the effect of protease and bromelain in low-protein diets in grower–finisher pigs. Dietary treatments included: T1, basal diet treatment; T2, low-protein treatment; T3 (T2 + 0.2 g kg−1 protease); and T4 (T2 + 0.3 g kg−1 bromelain). Pigs fed protease- and bromelain-supplemented diets increased average daily gain and gain to feed ratio at week 18, dry matter and nitrogen digestibility at week 6, as well as energy digestibility at week 12, compared with low-protein diet (P < 0.05). Pigs fed T3 and T4 diets led to a trend of decreased (P < 0.05) blood urine nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine concentrations at the 12th wk. A reduction of ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) emission was observed in pigs fed the dietary protease and bromelain supplementation at the 6th wk (P < 0.05). There was no effect on all parameters between the protease and bromelain supplementation treatments. In conclusion, supplementation of protease and bromelain to low-protein diet enhanced growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and reduced NH3 and H2S in growing–finishing pigs.

An Alternative Elastase-mediated Degradation of Fibrinogen and Fibrin Observed in a Patient with Herpes Simplex Encephalitis and Pneumonia

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (02) ◽  
pp. 184-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji lijima ◽  
Fumiyo Murakami ◽  
Yasushi Horie ◽  
Katsumi Nakamura ◽  
Shiro Ikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Herpes Simplex Encephalitis ◽  
Pmn Elastase ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Blood Cell Counts ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts ◽  
Pmn Élastase

SummaryA 74-year-old female developed pneumonia following herpes simplex encephalitis. Her white blood cell counts reached 28,400/μl, about 90% of which consisted of granulocytes. The polymorphonuclear (PMN) elastase/α1-arantitrypsin complex levels increased and reached the maximum of 5,019 ng/ml, indicating the release of a large amount of elastase derived from the granulocytes. The mechanism of PMN elastase release was most likely to be granulocyte destruction associated with phagocytosis. The cleavage of fibrinogen and fibrin by PMN elastase, independent of plasmin, was indicated by the presence of the fragments in immunoprecipitated plasma from the patient corresponding to elastase-induced FDP D and DD fragments and the absence of fragments corresponding to plasmin-induced FDP D and DD fragments on SDS-PAGE. These findings suggested that the large amount of PMN elastase released from the excessive numbers of granulocytes in this patient with herpes simplex encephalitis and pneumonia, induced the cleavage of fibrinogen and fibrin without the participation of plasmin.

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