scholarly journals Ruminal in vitro gas production, dry matter digestibility, methane abatement potential, and fatty acid biohydrogenation of six species of microalgae

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
U.Y. Anele ◽  
W.Z. Yang ◽  
P.J. McGinn ◽  
S.M. Tibbetts ◽  
T.A. McAllister
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Freshwater Microalgae ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production

This study evaluated the composition, digestibility [dry matter digestibility (DMD)], CH4 abatement potential, and fatty acid biohydrogenation of six species of microalgae. Lipid content ranged from 115 g kg−1 dry matter (DM) (Scenedesmus sp. AMDD) to 361 g kg−1 DM (Tetracystis sp.), while Scenedesmus sp. AMDD had the highest carbohydrate (364 g kg−1 DM) and fibre content (277 g kg−1 DM). Gas production was highest (P < 0.001) for Micractinium reisseri and Chlorella vulgaris. In vitro DMD ranged from 654 g kg−1 for Scenedesmus sp. AMDD to 797 g kg−1 for Nannochloris bacillaris. Total CH4 differed (P < 0.001) among microalgae, ranging from 1.76 mL g−1 DM for Tetracystis sp. to 4.07 mL g−1 DM for M. reisseri. Nannochloropsis granulata (marine) had higher myristic, palmitoleic, and eicosapentaenoic acid levels than freshwater microalgae. Levels of α-linolenic acid were higher in Scenedesmus sp. AMDD than all other microalgae. CH4 production negatively correlated (P < 0.05) with levels of total carbohydrate, oleic, and α-linolenic acid. Despite having a lower lipid content, CH4 reductions with Scenedesmus sp. AMDD were comparable to Tetracystis sp. and N. bacillaris. Reductions in CH4 with Tetracystis sp. and N. bacillaris occurred without a decline in DMD, suggesting that overall microbial activity was not inhibited.

Microbial profiles, in vitro gas production and dry matter digestibility based on various ratios of roughage to concentrate

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 541-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay Kumar ◽  
Sumit Singh Dagar ◽  
Sunil Kumar Sirohi ◽  
Ramesh Chandra Upadhyay ◽  
Anil Kumar Puniya
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production

scholarly journals Effect of fermentation on mixed rumen contents and jackfruit peel using Aspergillus oryzae on in vitro gas production and digestibility

2022 ◽  
Vol 335 ◽  
pp. 00048
Author(s):  
Mashudi Mashudi ◽  
Wahyuni Nurmawati
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Aspergillus Oryzae ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production

The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of Aspergillus oryzae on fermentation of mixture of rumen contents and jackfruit peel on in vitro gas production and digestibility. The method used in this study was an experiment using a randomized block design (RBD) of 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments including of T0 = 50% rumen contents + 50% jackfruit peel, T1 = 40 % rumen contents + 60% jackfruit peel + 0,4% Aspergillus oryzae, T2 = 30% rumen contents + 70% jackfruit peel + 0,4% Aspergillus oryzae, T3 = 20% rumen contents + 80% jackfruit peel + 0,4% Aspergillus oryzae. Variables observed were gas production, dry matter digestibility (DMD), and organic matter digestibility (OMD). Data were analyzed by using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) from Randomized Block Design, if there were significant effect between the treatments then tested with least significant different (LSD). The result showed that fermentation of mixture of rumen contents and jackfruit peel have highly significant effect (P<0.01) on gas production, and significant effect (P<0.05) on DMD and OMD. Gas production, DMD and OMD of fermented mixture of rumen contents and jackfruit peel are higher than control without fermentation. It is concluded that the higher jackfruit peels the higher gas production, DMD and OMD.

Inclusion of yeast waste as a protein source to replace soybean meal in concentrate mixture on ruminal fermentation and gas kinetics using in vitro gas production technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 1682
Author(s):  
Anusorn Cherdthong ◽  
Rittikeard Prachumchai ◽  
Chanadol Supapong ◽  
Benjamad Khonkhaeng ◽  
Metha Wanapat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Insoluble Fraction ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Production Technique ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production ◽  
Concentrate Mixture

This experiment was conducted to investigate the utilisation of yeast waste as protein source to replace soybean meal in concentrate mixture on kinetic of gas, rumen ammonia-nitrogen and digestibility of nutrients by using in vitro gas production technique. The experimental design was a completely randomised design and the dietary treatments were replacing soybean meal with yeast wastein concentrate at the ratio of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100, respectively. Yeast waste was obtained from KSL Green Innovation Public Co. Limited, Thailand. The gas production was recorded at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h of incubation. The yeast waste contained 26.4% crude protein. Gas production from soluble fractions (a), gas production from the insoluble fraction (b), potential extent of gas production (a+b) and the gas production rate constants for the insoluble fraction (c) were not altered when increasing concentration of yeast waste replacing soybean meal (P &gt; 0.05). Cumulative gas production (at 96 h of incubation) ranged from 69.3 to 72.8 mL and was similar among treatments. Ruminal NH3-N concentration was linearly increased (P &lt; 0.05) whereas ruminal pH did not alter when inclusion various levels of yeast waste replacing soybean meal, which ranged from 15.2 to 19.1 mg/dL and 6.90 to 6.94, respectively. In vitro dry matter digestibility and in vitro organic matter digestibility did not changed by increasing levels of yeast waste in the diets (P &gt; 0.05), except only in vitro dry matter digestibility at 12 h, which higher in soybean meal:yeast waste at 25:75 ratio (P &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, propionate (C3) molar was linearly higher when compared between inclusion yeast waste and the control group whereas acetate was decreased quadratically (P &lt; 0.05) and protozoal population tended to be decreased (P = 0.07) when increasing the level of replacing yeast waste. In conclusion, yeast waste could replace soybean meal in concentrate mixture with no negative effect on gas kinetics, rumen fermentation and in vitro digestibility, and therefore its use in animal feeding would contribute to a reduction in environmental pollution.

Associative effects of stylo and king grass silage different ratios on in vitro Rumen Fermentation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yage Zhang ◽  
Mao Li ◽  
Hanlin Zhou ◽  
Lin Hu ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Stylosanthes Guianensis ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production ◽  
In Vitro Rumen Fermentation

The study was aimed to evaluate the associative effects of mixtures of stylosanthe (Stylosanthes guianensis) and king grass (Pennisetum purpureum × P. americanum cv. Reyan No. 4) silage at different ratios using in vitro gas production technique. Three stylosanthes (S. guianensis Sw. Reyan No.2, S2; S. guianensis Sw. Reyan No.20, S20; S. guianensis Sw. Reyan No.21, S21) were mixed with king grass silage (K) at different ratios (0:100, 10:90, 20:80, 40:60, 50:50, 100:0) and their associative effects were evaluated using in vitro gas technique. The results showed that under the controlled conditions, addition of the mixtures of stylosanthes and king grass silage could improve in vitro gas production (GP), in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and microbial protein (MP) and promote the vitality of rumial microbes. In addition, most mixtures of stylosanthes and king grass silage showed positive associative effects and the mixtures at ratio of 20:80 had the best associative effect based on the synthetically associative effects index (SAEI).

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